where the salmon run - Washington Secretary of State

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“i live here!” 37 Nisqually Tribal Archives Angeline’s second husband, Andrew McCloud, died in 1927. Gramps raised his friend’s three surviving children, along with Rose Frederick and Billy, at Frank’s Landing. Angeline was a survivor. She grew up at Mud Bay and was raised by an oyster baron, James Tobin, and her mother, Louisa Kettle, a renowned basket weaver. Her grandfather was Sitkum Kettle, leader of the band that formed the Squaxin Island Tribe, and an appointed minister known for his genial disposition. Angeline was widowed young and had lost three children before Billy was born in 1931. Angie
38 “i live here!” endured a strained marriage with her first husband that never met her mother’s approval. “. . . ew he liked to drink!” Angie recalled once to an oral historian. “He wasn’t mean or anything, but you don’t like a drunk person. You get sick of it. And so I left him.” Angie’s second husband was Andrew McCloud, a Puyallup Indian who used to go out fishing with Willie. “They were very close,” says Billy’s sister Maiselle. “They did everything together. They fished together here on the river, but they also were fish buyers for a white company. They went together down to the Columbia River and bought fish from the Indian fishermen there.” In the summer of 1927, cancer took McCloud’s life and Willie saw to it that his friend’s family would survive. “[Willie] thought he should take care of Mom, and her and my dad’s kids—Rose, Andrew, Don, and me,” Maiselle says. Willie was already separated from Angie’s younger sister, Ida. He ended that relationship and married Angie. With the exception of boarding school, Billy’s upbringing was not unlike his father’s. He learned the old ways surrounded by several generations of family. Billy’s childhood scrapbooks prominently feature oldest sister Rose Frederick and the McCloud children— Andrew, Maiselle, and Don. “They all raised me,” Billy says. “But it was easy raising; it was a different time.” Billy called Rose “Fritz.” She was twenty years his senior, with an open face and dark hair that fell to the base of her neck. He can still hear Rose speaking Lushootseed, the indigenous language of Salish tribes. When Billy was a kid, Rose raised six children at the Landing in hard times. Her daughter Mary often depended on Billy. “My Uncle Billy—he’s the main one that always helps me,” Mary used to say. On school mornings, Billy roused Mary and Rose’s other kids out of bed. The small army passed the home of Mrs. Wallace, the delightful neighbor with delicious chocolate chip cookies. Mrs. Wallace also raised obnoxious geese, however, that waddled after the children, feathers flying. “Oh Jesus! Geese are crazy . . . they got their neck out after you. We’re all hanging onto each other and we’re little guys.
Page 1 and 2: Courtesy Northwest Indian Fisheries
Page 4 and 5: Where the Salmon Run The Life and L
Page 6: For Sugar, Tanu, and Willie “I’
Page 9 and 10: viii contents 14. The Negotiator 20
Page 12: Where the Salmon Run The Life and L
Page 15 and 16: 4 prologue Early logging robbed the
Page 17 and 18: 6 introduction promise as long as t
Page 19 and 20: 8 introduction friend said, ‘But
Page 21 and 22: Willie Frank Sr. Mary Randlett
Page 23 and 24: 12 spirit of the father chair—fla
Page 25 and 26: 14 spirit of the father Outstretche
Page 27 and 28: 16 spirit of the father including t
Page 29 and 30: 18 spirit of the father businessman
Page 31 and 32: 20 spirit of the father Nisqually T
Page 33 and 34: 22 spirit of the father The free ed
Page 35 and 36: 24 spirit of the father my pants. S
Page 37 and 38: 26 spirit of the father Hank Adams
Page 39 and 40: 28 spirit of the father of the Nisq
Page 41 and 42: 30 spirit of the father good now,
Page 43 and 44: 32 “i live here!” Billy Frank J
Page 45 and 46: 34 “i live here!” Hank Adams pe
Page 47: 36 “i live here!” Billy Frank J
Page 51 and 52: 40 “i live here!” Willie catapu
Page 53 and 54: 42 “i live here!” boarding-scho
Page 55 and 56: 44 “i live here!” kerosene lamp
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 3 The Survivor Dubbed the f
Page 59 and 60: 48 the survivor Georgiana Kautz per
Page 61 and 62: 50 the survivor joined the Internat
Page 63 and 64: 52 the survivor home from the hospi
Page 65 and 66: 54 the survivor the pain.” Billy
Page 67 and 68: 56 the survivor She put her other b
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 4 Surveillance Years after
Page 71 and 72: 60 surveillance to get our salmon b
Page 73 and 74: 62 surveillance attempted to form t
Page 75 and 76: 64 surveillance Washington State Ar
Page 77 and 78: 66 surveillance the only women or c
Page 79 and 80: 68 renegades Hank Adams personal co
Page 81 and 82: 70 renegades the kitchen table and
Page 83 and 84: 72 renegades dates, court cases, an
Page 85 and 86: 74 renegades for treaty rights shak
Page 87 and 88: 76 renegades When we got stronger,
Page 89 and 90: 78 renegades I just looked at him a
Page 91 and 92: 80 renegades you know, bank robbers
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 6 Canoes and Clashes It is
Page 95 and 96: 84 canoes and clashes Willie Frank
Page 97 and 98: 86 canoes and clashes Northwest Ind
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88 canoes and clashes and chaos eru
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90 canoes and clashes Wolf accused
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92 canoes and clashes blackjack con
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94 as long as the rivers run Washin
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96 as long as the rivers run at tha
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98 as long as the rivers run Hank A
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100 as long as the rivers run as a
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102 as long as the rivers run restr
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104 as long as the rivers run presi
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106 as long as the rivers run Carol
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108 as long as the rivers run on hi
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Chapter 8 Takeovers Like the regal
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112 takeovers Seattle Municipal Arc
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114 takeovers a journalist in bewil
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116 takeovers time at the camp. Bil
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118 takeovers A bridge was charred
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120 takeovers Calling the bia the N
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122 takeovers retired judge from Wa
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124 takeovers fishermen family and
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126 takeovers Lut Indian School fou
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Chapter 9 The Shelf Life of Treatie
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130 the shelf life of treaties Wash
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132 the shelf life of treaties Depa
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134 the shelf life of treaties “G
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136 the shelf life of treaties self
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138 the shelf life of treaties Nisq
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140 the shelf life of treaties esta
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Chapter 10 Storm The backlash to th
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144 storm because of the enormous a
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146 storm fishing away from reserva
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148 storm Decision created within g
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150 storm In the summer of 1976, Ji
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152 storm The engine of the Alaskan
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154 storm In 1976, as the nation ce
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156 storm The year 1977 was punctua
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158 storm Georgiana Kautz personal
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160 storm softball in tournaments i
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162 storm If a silver lining follow
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164 the politics of salmon Washingt
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166 the politics of salmon stood at
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168 the politics of salmon Accordin
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170 the politics of salmon 1976, il
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172 the politics of salmon keeping
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174 the politics of salmon Post dec
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176 bridge builder Dick Baldwin, Wa
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178 bridge builder attended a myria
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180 bridge builder to see Indians i
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182 bridge builder appeal process t
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184 bridge builder Things started t
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186 bridge builder Although most pe
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188 bridge builder groups acknowled
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Chapter 13 Resilience Billy is some
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192 resilience Billy Frank Jr. pers
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194 resilience On June 17, 1983, Wi
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196 resilience to rest here. He nev
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198 resilience says. “One friend,
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Chapter 14 The Negotiator The 1980s
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202 the negotiator migrated up the
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204 the negotiator pretty fast once
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206 the negotiator Fish and Wildlif
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208 the negotiator In August 1989,
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210 clear creek hatchery Joe Kenned
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212 clear creek hatchery Puget Soun
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214 clear creek hatchery hatchery i
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216 clear creek hatchery In Salmon
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218 submerged Hank Adams personal c
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220 submerged Hank Adams personal c
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222 submerged Keefe says. “Now, t
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Chapter 17 The Tough Guy Along with
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226 the tough guy the former govern
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228 the tough guy convinced that ou
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230 the tough guy Second, and perha
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Chapter 18 “You were always there
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234 “you were always there for me
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236 “you were always there for me
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238 the catalyst Hank Adams persona
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240 the catalyst Hank Adams persona
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242 the catalyst conferences, he ur
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244 the catalyst Billy Frank Jr. wo
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246 the catalyst Billy sat at the U
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Chapter 20 Operation Chainsmoker Fr
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250 operation chainsmoker Indian la
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252 operation chainsmoker Frank’s
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254 operation chainsmoker “Unders
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256 hard truths The invisible kille
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258 hard truths kills typically sym
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260 hard truths their negotiations
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262 hard truths The only people tha
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264 hard truths number of pups has
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266 hard truths behind dam walls. S
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268 dreams and legacies Hank Adams
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270 dreams and legacies Hank Adams
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272 dreams and legacies Northwest I
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274 dreams and legacies Frank. They
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276 dreams and legacies his childre
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278 dreams and legacies law, have b
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280 dreams and legacies John Elliot
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282 dreams and legacies Billy Frank
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284 acknowledgments with all else,
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286 billy frank jr. family tree Cry
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288 billy frank jr. family tree Joh
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290 billy frank jr. family tree Klu
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Source Notes Unless otherwise noted
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294 source notes background on Indi
Page 307 and 308:
296 source notes May Be Next If Ind
Page 309 and 310:
298 source notes Times, “Indian A
Page 311 and 312:
300 source notes Wildlife internal
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302 source notes the harm,” “At
Page 315 and 316:
304 source notes Record, 15 Mar 15,
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306 source notes 12th year on Endan
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308 select bibliography Cynthia Iya
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310 select bibliography Wilkinson,
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Index A Aberdeen Daily World 201 Ad
Page 325 and 326:
314 index Crowe, John O. 121 Crysta
Page 327 and 328:
316 index Indian Self-Determination
Page 329 and 330:
318 index Nisqually Hill 87 Nisqual
Page 331 and 332:
320 index Spokesman Review 182 Spor
Page 333:
322 index Y Yakama Nation 94, 112,
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where the salmon run - Washington Secretary of State

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