Syrian Civil War 2011-2012 - Societa italiana di storia militare

More documents

Recommendations

Info

5 July 63 civilians were killed; 28 in Idlib & 11 in Damascus Countryside. 2 civilians were killed by an IED in As-Suwayda Governorate. 3 rebels were slain; a rebel leader was shot by a sniper in Ariha. A leader of a rebel battalion was slain in Dera'a. [238] 24 soldiers were killed; a brigadier-general was assassinated in Homs Province. [238] 6 July - Friday of "People's Liberation War" Protests were widespread after Friday prayers, occurring primarily in Central Aleppo and Damascus and its suburbs, as well as the Homs, Hama, Idlib, Daara, and Deir Ezzor governates. At least 89 people were killed in clashes by noon. [239][240][241] The Syrian Army captured the rebel-held town of Khan Sheikhoun in Idlib province after opposition forces retreated the previous night. [242] A high-ranking military official and brigade commander in the Republican Guard, Manaf Tlass, son of the former defense minister Mustafa Tlass, defected to Turkey. This was because anger over civilian deaths during the uprising. [243] SOHR reported the deaths of 67 civilians; 13 in Damascus Countryside & 11 in Homs. 5 civilians were killed during regime bombardment of Nawa. 6 rebels were slain; 3 in Idlib. [244] 27 soldiers were killed, including a first lieutenant in Aleppo. [244] 7 July LCC reported the deaths of 71 people were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, including 21 in Deir Ezzor. [245] SOHR reported the deaths of 37 civilians; 15 in Deir Ezzor & 6 in Hama. Also, 5 bodies were found in Hamourieh. 13 rebels were slain; 5 in Aleppo. A defected lieutenant was killed in Aleppo, a defected lieutenant colonel was blown up in Idlib & a defected first sergeant was killed in Damascus Countryside. [246] 21 soldiers were killed. [246] Rebels downed a surveillance aircraft, marking an increase in rebel military capabilities. [246] 8 July LCC reported the deaths of 57 civilians and 3 rebels were killed by the Syrian army by evening, primarily in the Damascus suburbs and Homs. [247] SOHR reported the deaths of 53 civilians; 11 in Hama & 9 in Deir Ezzor. A doctor was assassinated in Damascus. 17 rebels were slain; 5 in Homs. A rebel leader was killed during an opposition operation in Dera'a Province. [248] 36 soldiers were killed across the country. [248] 9 July 51 civilians were killed by the evening; 10 in Idlib & 7 in Aleppo. 5 rebels were killed along with a defected soldier. [249] 36 soldiers killed; including an officer killed in an attack in Idlib. 10 soldiers were killed, in Deir Izzor, when a procession of military vehicles was targeted. [249] NBC reports that the rebels have gained significant territory over the past few weeks, and now control much of the rural countryside. [250] 10 July 68 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, including 19 in Deir Ezzor and 11 in the Damascus suburbs. [251] 18 soldiers and 9 rebels were killed by the end of the day. [252] 11 July The Syrian ambassador to Iraq, Nawaf al-Fares defected to the opposition. [253] He is the most senior diplomat to defect so far in the entire conflict. [254] He gave a statement to Al Jazeera, saying "I urge all honest members of this party to follow my path because the regime has turned it to an instrument to kill people and their aspiration to freedom." Fares also called upon the military to join the ranks of the Syrian revolution. His defection dealt a "moral and political blow" to the Syrian Government and another diplomat, the Syrian ambassador to Sweden, Mohammad Bassam Imadi defected in December 2011. [255] 78 people were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, including 22 in Homs and 13 members of the Palestinian liberation army. [256] 28 soldiers were killed; including three officers. 9 rebels and 44 civilians were killed by the Syrian army; according to SOHR. [257] 12 July Following a rebel ambush against a military convoy near Hama, the military made a counter-attack that led to a battle with the Free Syrian Army in Tremseh, Syria leading to a reported death of dozens of rebels, and an unknown amount of civilians. [258] Two days later, the UN observer mission issued a statement, based on the investigation by its team that went to the town, that the Syrian military mainly targeted the homes of rebels and activists, in what the BBC said was a contradiction of the initial opposition claims of a civilian massacre. They said that the number of casualties was unclear and added that they intend to return to the town to continue their investigation. [259][260] Four days after the battle, the Free Syrian Army backtracked on their initial death toll of 200, saying it had been overblown because many of the wounded were counted as dead, and reduced the list of those confirmed killed to 68-103 names. But still, activist Abu Adnan, continued to claim 150 died, with the rest of the bodies allegedly being unidentifiable or stolen by the military during their assault. [261] In all the LCC reported 287 people killed across Syria, including in the Battle of Tremseh. [262] 13 July - Friday of "down with Annan, servant of Assad" US officials say that Syria is moving chemical weapons out of storage. [263][264] 71 people were killed by Syrian army gunfire and shelling, primarily in Idlib and Homs. [265] "Massive" demonstration came out against the Syrian government in Aleppo, with other big protests occurring in Damascus, its suburbs, Hama, Daara, and the Idlib and Deir Ezzor province. [266] SOHR reported the deaths of 59 civilians; 13 in Damascus & 12 in Idlib. 32 rebels were slain; including a first lieutenant in Aleppo. 18 fighters were killed in Idlib Province during regime assaults on villages in the area. [267] 37 soldiers were killed across the country. [267] 14 July SOHR reported the deaths of 49 civilians by evening; 13 in the Damascus Countryside & 11 in Deir Ezzor. An IED explosion hit the Fatima al-Saqqa school, in the al-Karama neighbourhood of Hama, killing 4 civilians including 2 children. 24 rebels were slain throughout the country; 8 in Aleppo. 10 rebels were killed in Homs; including a defected lieutenant colonel. A defected first sergeant was also killed in Deir Ezzor. [268] 39 Syrian soldiers were killed; 13 were killed in Aleppo, including an officer. 12 soldiers were killed during an attack on a ZiL truck in Idlib Province. [268] 75 civilians were killed by the end of the day, including 20 in Homs. [269] 15 July See also: Battle of Damascus (2012) SOHR reported the deaths of 59 civilians by evening; 16 in Homs, 8 in Dera'a & 8 in Deir Ezzor. A nurse from was tortured to death, by security services, in al-Qouriya, Deir Ezzor. A refugee camp was bombarded in Dera'a, killing one. 16 rebels were slain; 2 rebel fighters, including the leader of a battalion, were killed during clashes by the al-Omar oil field, Deir Ezzor. [270] 41 soldiers were killed across the country. [270] By the end of the day the LCC reported 72 people dead, primarily in Homs, Hama, and Idlib. [271] The rebels have started the operation to liberate Damascus, an operation called "Damascus volcano and Syrian earthquake". [272] 16 July For a second day, heavy clashes in the southern Midan and Tadhamon districts of Damascus raged [273] with the military managing to surround the rebel forces in the area and sending tanks and other armored vehicles into the neighborhoods. The rebels called the clashes a raid by them against the capital, [274] while the government called it a 48-hour military operation to clear the area of any opposition forces. There were also indications that the government knew about the planed rebel raid and acted on the information. According to state TV, the military killed over 80 rebel fighters during the fighting. [275] On their part, the rebels would claim, by the following day, to had killed 70 soldiers and pro-government militiamen [276] and that they had shot down a military helicopter. [277] Morocco expelled the Syrian ambassador from the country, Syria retaliated by declaring the Moroccan ambassador there persona non grata. [278] By the end of the day, the LCC reported 97 killed by the Syrian army, including 30 in Hama, 21 in Homs, 13 in Aleppo, 11 in Damascus, 8 in Daraa, 7 in Deir Ezzor, 4 in the suburbs of Damascus, and 3 in Idlib. [279] SOHR reported the deaths of 84 civilians, including 43 in Hama. 34 of these were slain in al-Hamidiyeh neighbourhood due to regime advancements. 14 civilians were killed in
Homs. 28 rebels were slain; 5 defectors were executed in a medical complex in Hama. [280] 41 soldiers were killed, including 2 officers, throughout the country. [280] The former head of Syria's chemical weapons, Major General Adnan Silu, defected to the opposition. Silu said that the rebels controlled 60 per cent of the country and that all they needed was limited military intervention from NATO to help them topple President Bashar al-Assad. "All we need from NATO are two air attacks on the presidential palace to topple the regime and we will be able to control all the Syrian cities," Silu told Asharq al-Awsat. [281] Two Iraqi journalists were shot and stabbed in Damascus and then handed over to an Iraqi border post by Syrian intelligence and police. [282] A total of 525 Syrians, including several military officers who defected from the Syrian army, fled to Turkey on Monday. [283] This included a brigadier general, bring the number of defected generals staying in Turkey to 18. [284] 17 July The Israeli army intelligence chief said on Tuesday that Syrian army forces has moved from the Golan Heights area next to Israel toward Damascus and other internal conflict zones. [285] 82 civilians and 6 FSA were killed by the Syrian army, including 23 civilians in Damascus. [286] SOHR reported the deaths of 54 civilians; 9 in Homs and 8 in the Damascus countryside. 16 civilians were slain in the city of Damascus, 12 in the Qaboun neighborhood which is witnessing heavy fighting. An Egyptian national was among the dead. 20 rebels were slain; a defected captain was killed along with 2 defected soldiers in Aleppo province. A defected sergeant major was tortured to death in Dera'a. 3 defected officers were killed during an explosion in Yabrud. A defected first sergeant was slain in Homs. 29 soldiers were killed. [287] 18 July See also: 18 July 2012 Damascus bombing According to Turkish officials, two Syrian brigadier-generals were among some 600 Syrians who fled from Syria to Turkey overnight, [288] bringing the total number of defected generals to twenty. [289] Orient TV reported that Syrian vice president Farouk al-Sharaa, along with 13 other officers, had defected to neighboring Jordan. [290] A suicide blast at a National Security Building in Rawda Square in Damascus seriously wounded several Syrian government officials and killed Syrian defense minister General Daoud Rajha, Syrian president Bashar Al Assad's security advisor Hasan Turkmani, and President Assad's brother-in-law, who was also deputy defense minister, Assef Shawkat. The interior minister, Mohammad Ibrahim al-Shaar, was also killed in the blast. [291] It was alleged the explosion was caused by a suicide bomber who had worked as a bodyguard for President Assad’s inner circle. [292] The Syrian opposition claimed responsibility for the attack; the FSA claiming that the explosion was remote-controlled and not a suicide attack. [293] According to Syrian state television, General Fahad Jassim al-Freij, previously the Chief-of-Staff of the Armed Forces, was appointed as the new Defense Minister. [294] The U.S Department of Treasury announced new sanctions, specifically targeting individuals within the Assad regime. [295] By the end of the day, 188 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 60 civilians in Set Zaynab, Damascus when helicopters shelled a funeral. [296] SOHR said that 62 government soldiers and 28 rebels were killed throughout the day. [297] 19 July Assets worth £100 million belonging to Syrian leaders were reported located and frozen in Britain. [298] The Kurdish city of Ayn al-Arab was taken over, peacefully, by the Kurdish Popular Defense Committees, after the Syrian military pulled out of the town. [299] Rebels claimed full control over the town of Azaz in the Aleppo Province. Reportedly, rebels had taken control of the majority of the city back in March. [300] Three border crossings with neighboring Turkey fell under rebel control. [301] Al Jazeera confirmed that the Bab al Hawa crossing was amongst others to be within rebels hands the next day. [302] According to Iraq´s deputy interior minister, Adnan al-Assadi, Syrian rebels took control of all border crossings (though not all border outposts) between Iraq and Syria. [303] Roughly 21 or 22 border guards, including their commander, were reportedly captured at one post and executed while Iraqi border troops watched from the other side of the border. [304][305] Both Russia and China were alone in vetoing the third UN Security Council resolution which would have enacted Chapter 7 consequences against the Assad regime for non-compliance. All other UNSC votes were in favor, except for two abstentions. [306] The UK Foreign Secretary, William Hague, condemned the Russian and Chinese veto as "inexcusable and indefensible". [307] By the end of the day, LCC reported the deaths of 217 civilians were killed by the Syrian army, including 70 from Deir Ezzor and 40 from greater Damascus area. [308] SOHR reported a huge death toll of over 280 deaths. 124 civilians were killed; 33 in Damascus Countryside & a further 10 in Damascus City. 20 civilians were slain due to mortar fire on the town of Irbeen, in Damascus Countryside, alone. A car bomb exploded in Jdeida al-Khas, Damascus Countryside, killing a child. 22 civilians were killed in Deir Ezzor & 14 in Hama. An additional 14 were slain in Homs Province; including a citizen journalist. [309] 63 rebels were slain; 15 in Hama & 15 in Idlib. 14 were slain in the Damascus Countryside. 6 rebels were killed in Homs Province, including a rebel commander. [309] 98 soldiers were killed. [309] 20 July - Friday of "Ramadan for Victory in Damascus" More than 30,000 Syrians crossed into Lebanon between Thursday and Friday. [310] "Massive" demonstrations against the Syrian government occurred after Friday prayers, most notably in the center districts of Aleppo and Damascus cities, their suburbs, and the Idlib, Hama, Daara and Homs provinces. [311][234] LCC reported the deaths of 215 civilians killed by the Syrian army's artillery shelling. 55 were killed in the Damascus suburbs, and 26 in Damascus city itself, including at least 10 protesters when security forces fired on a large crowd in the Baramkeh district of central damascus. [312] SOHR reported the deaths of more than 130 civilians. 46 fell in the environs of Damascus and a further 12 in the city itself. Rockets were fired into Yarmouk Camp, killing a civilian. 17 civilians were slain in Homs and 15 in Idlib. [313] 38 soldiers & 19 rebels were slain. [314] In Deiz ez Zor city it was claimed that Government forces used toxic gas to attack civilians. Nawaf Fares, who defected from his post as Syrian ambassador to Iraq, said in an interview with the BBC that he was “convinced” that Assad would draw on his stocks if cornered, and he and the FSA stated that gas attacks had been used already. A few days earlier, the Wall Street Journal said that intelligence reports suggested some chemical weapons were on the move, [263][315] while a senior Syrian defector said that Assad's forces were moving chemical weapons across the country for possible use in a military retaliation for the killing of four top security officials. [316] 21 July LCC reported 140 people were killed in Syria by the Syrian army including 18 defectors. 34 civilians were killed in Homs, and 28 in Damascus and the suburbs. [317][318] Assad's forces were reported to have retaken control of Damascus. [319] The FSA began widescale fighting in Aleppo for the first time, capturing several neighborhoods. [320] SOHR reported the deaths of 164 people across Syria, including 86 civilians, 49 soldiers and 29 rebels. [321] 22 July LCC reported the deaths of 111 civilians were killed by evening by the Syrian army, including 65 in Damascus and its suburbs. [322] Alex Thomson, reporting from Midan suburb describes a 'familiar pattern of heavy shelling followed by militia going house to house looting and massacring' - an organised ground and air assault by Assad soldiers and Shabiha, followed by 'an orgy of looting'. Residents speak off-camera of a massacre. Anti-Assad graffiti is painted over in the suburb, but the Assad forces leave their own; - 'The Soldiers of God were here.' [323] SOHR reported the deaths of 76 civilians; 18 in Damascus City & a further 16 in the
Page 1 and 2:
Syrian Civil War Сирийские
Page 3 and 4:
green Cities controlled by pro-Assa
Page 5 and 6:
Wikipedia Articles on Syrian Civil
Page 7 and 8:
1. Syrian Civil War Date Location R
Page 9 and 10:
• 5 Deaths • 6 International re
Page 11 and 12:
On 15 February, Syrian state televi
Page 13 and 14:
damaged their respective Syrian emb
Page 15 and 16:
Atma. [271] However, head of Kurdis
Page 17 and 18:
The Wall Street Journal obtained do
Page 19 and 20:
46. ^ "'Defected Syria security age
Page 21 and 22:
110. ^ Williams, Lauren (24 Februar
Page 23 and 24:
169. ^ "European powers step up pre
Page 25 and 26:
228. ^ "Syria blast: Security chief
Page 27 and 28:
291. ^ Byman, Daniel (20 March 2012
Page 29 and 30:
349. ^ Charbonneau, Louis; Nichols,
Page 31 and 32:
Opposition demonstration in one of
Page 33 and 34:
13 March On 13 March, Kamal Hussein
Page 35 and 36:
1 April - "Friday of Martyrs" After
Page 37 and 38:
France and the U.K., pushed the U.N
Page 39 and 40:
.52 ^ ‏."االف السوريي
Page 41 and 42:
a b c 111. ^ "25 March 2011 Syrian
Page 43 and 44:
172. ^ "DayPress news: Pressure mou
Page 45 and 46:
• The Syrian Revolution 2011 اا
Page 47 and 48:
alone by security forces. United St
Page 49 and 50:
For the first time the unrest sprea
Page 51 and 52:
The opposition Local Co-ordination
Page 53 and 54:
dozen Syrians to flee into northern
Page 55 and 56:
56. ^ "Syria Uses Heavy Machine Gun
Page 57 and 58: 119. ^ "'Half a million' protest on
Page 59 and 60: 183. ^ "Syrian army 'enters western
Page 61 and 62: September 2011 1 September The atto
Page 63 and 64: least 100 children. [43] Speaking s
Page 65 and 66: 18 October The LCC said 25 doctors
Page 67 and 68: several areas of the country, accor
Page 69 and 70: 18 December Armed clashes erupted i
Page 71 and 72: 8. ^ "At Least 13 Killed at Syria P
Page 73 and 74: 68. ^ "Syrian troops fire on protes
Page 75 and 76: 127. ^ "Arab League rejects Syrian
Page 77 and 78: 186. ^ "Arab monitors head to Syria
Page 79 and 80: Hamad continued that he has seen pr
Page 81 and 82: 17 January According to the LCC, at
Page 83 and 84: head of the United Nations, called
Page 85 and 86: UNGA Resolution A/RES/66/253 green
Page 87 and 88: eporters that the regime was detain
Page 89 and 90: leaked by a defector from this cove
Page 91 and 92: 44. ^ "Clashes kill 11 Syrian soldi
Page 93 and 94: 103. ^ Fishel, Justin (20 January 2
Page 95 and 96: 163. ^ "Syria denies massacre of 20
Page 97 and 98: 227. ^ "Fri, 17 Feb 2012, 18:34". A
Page 99 and 100: 289. ^ "Assad meets Annan on Syrian
Page 101 and 102: 350. ^ "Syria Now 8-4-2012 | Local
Page 103 and 104: at least 14 people by mid day when
Page 105 and 106: June 2012 The first weekend of June
Page 107: ebels were killed including a defec
Page 111 and 112: a b 9. ^ "Syria: 15 troops killed i
Page 113 and 114: 70. ^ "Largest protest in Aleppo si
Page 115 and 116: 135. ^ Friday came to an end with t
Page 117 and 118: 214. ^ ELIZABETH A. KENNEDY, Associ
Page 119 and 120: 280. ^ a b [21]. 17 July 2012. Syri
Page 121 and 122: 360. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/9623
Page 123 and 124: The Syrian government denied respon
Page 125 and 126: 16. ^ Carey, Glen (14 July 2012). "
Page 127 and 128: The Battle of Damascus, also known
Page 129 and 130: sixteen in the district. Thompson c
Page 131 and 132: 3. Damascus bombing 18 July 2012 Fr
Page 133 and 134: 19. ^ "Damascus bomber was bodyguar
Page 135 and 136: Towns under Kurdish control As of 2
Page 137 and 138: Free Syrian Army Units [4] Commande
Page 139 and 140: • France - The French foreign min
Page 141 and 142: a b 49. ^ "Syrian rebels, regime fo
show all

Syrian Civil War 2011-2012 - Societa italiana di storia militare

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?