Syrian Civil War 2011-2012 - Societa italiana di storia militare

12 June Herve Ladsous, the head of the UN's Department of Peacekeeping Operations, stated that the uprising has amounted for a
full-scale civil war. [152] LCC reports that 60 people were killed by the Syrian army by evening, including 23 in Homs and 16 in Deir
Ezzor from heavy artillery shelling. [153] 17 soldiers were killed in clashes throughout the country and when a military bus was targeted
in Rif Dimashq. [154] Dr. Marwan Arafat, the previous president of the Syrian Football Federation, was assassinated. [155]
13 June Riad al-As'ad from the Free Syrian Army announced that the FSA had made a tactical withdrawal from Al Heffeh
Latakia. [156] LCC reports that 77 people were killed by the Syrian army, including 23 in Homs, 12 in Hama and 10 in Deir Ezzor from
heavy artillery shelling. [157] SOHR said at least 51 people were slain by evening, including 20 in Homs, largely due to military
bombardment. 6 people were killed in each of: Idlib, Dera'a and Hama provinces. In addition, at least 9 rebel fighters were killed
including a rebel leader in Deir Ezzor. [158][page needed] [158][page needed]
At least 21 soldiers were killed across the country.
14 June LCC reported that 60 people were killed by the Syrian army by the evening, including 19 in Homs and 19 in a massacre
perpetrated by Shabiha in the Damascus suburb of Hamourieh. [159] SOHR reported that 51 people were slain including 21 in Rif
Dimashq and 15 in Homs. In addition, at least 11 rebels were killed including 6 in the town of Heit, Dera'a. An officer was killed in
Homs province. 24 soldiers were killed including at least 11 killed in clashes in eastern Ghouta. [160] UN monitors were met with the
'stench of death' as they entered the deserted town of al-Heffa after having been shelled for 8 consecutive days. [161] A bomb blew up a
vehicle near the shrine of Zaynab bint Ali, the granddaughter of the Prophet Muhammed; damaging the shrine and wounding 10
people. [162]
15 June - Friday of "Readiness of the Free Syrian Army" LCC reports that at least 48 people were killed by the Syrian army by
evening as protesters took to the streets, with protesting occurring primarily in Damascus and its suburbs, Aleppo, and the Idlib,
Daara, Hama, Homs, and Deir Ezzor provinces. [163][164] SOHR reports the deaths of 30 people; including a civilian journalist in Homs
province. 2 defected soldiers were killed in Homs. 8 soldiers were also killed. [165]
16 June LCC reports that 77 people were killed by the Syrian army evening, primarily in Damascus and Homs. [166] SOHR reports that
59 people were slain across the country; 34 in Damascus province, 15 in Homs province. 2 rebels died in Dera'a, including a defected
lieutenant. [167] 16 soldiers of the Syrian government were killed throughout the day. [168] Meanwhile the Free Syrian Army announced
that it regained control over al-Bayada. [169] The UN announced that they are suspending activities in Syria due to the increase in
violence. [170]
17 June LCC reported that 60 people were killed by the Syrian army by evening, including 17 in the Damascus suburbs and 15 in
Homs. Rastan, Talbiseh and central Homs came under renewed massive artillery shelling. [171] SOHR reported the deaths of 43 people;
including 13 in Reef Damashq and 13 in Homs due to regime bombardment. At least 2 fighters were slain in clashes in Homs
province. [172] 26 law-enforcers were killed; including a lieutenant assassinated in Damascus. [172]
18 June LCC reported that by night at least 90 people were killed by the Syrian army, primarily in Homs and Damascus. [173] SOHR
reported the deaths of 56 people; including 19 in Reef Damascus and 7 in Dera'a Province. At least 13 rebels were slain across the
country; 2 rebel commanders in Deir Ezzor and 2 defected first sergeants in Homs and Reef Damascus. [174] 28 soldiers were killed;
primarily in overnight clashes. [174] It was reported that two Russian warships are headed to Syria, according to a Russian officer, each
capable of carrying 300 marines and a dozen tanks, making it the largest deployment from Russia to Syria to date. Russia also has an
unspecified number of military advisers teaching Syrians how to use Russian weapons. [175] The United Kingdom said it had withdrawn
insurance for a Russian ship that was reportedly carring attak helicopters destined for the Syrian Government. UK Foreign Secretary
William Hague said the ship was returning to Russia and said that "We discourage anyone else from supplying arms to Syria." [176]
19 June LCC reported 52 people were killed by the Syrian army, including 10 in Homs. [177] SOHR reported the deaths of 46
opposition members; at least 6 were rebel fighters, the rest were civilians. 14 were killed in Homs and 16 in Damascus Province. [178]
At least 27 soldiers were killed across the country. [178] The FSA called on their “Kurdish brothers” to join rebels fighting President
Bashar al-Assad’s regime, while promising an end to injustices against Kurds in a future democratic Syria. The spokesperson for the
joint command of the FSA said; "“The Joint Command of the Free Syrian Army ... appeals to our Kurdish brothers, soldiers and
civilians, and invites them to join the ranks of the FSA inside the country, let us work together to transform the FSA into an
alternative national military institution to the army of the ruling gang.” The statement also emphazied that kurds are and have always
been "partners" working “hand-in-hand to build the country’s future and end discrimination for all Syrians, whatever their ethnic or
religious background.” The head of the Syrian National council is a Kurdish activist. [179] Clashes erupted at the Kurdish Mountain area
in Latakia Governorate. A series of confrontations between the Syrian Army and the rebel Free Syrian Army (FSA) resulted in
multiple casualties. A rebel leader claimed that clashes resulted in 5 rebels killed, while 28 Syrian soldiers were killed, dozens
wounded and several captured by the next day. [180]
20 June LCC reported that 66 people were killed throughout Syria by the Syrian army, including 17 in the Damascus suburbs. [181]
SOHR reported the deaths of 46 people; including 16 in Hama and 10 in Damascus Province. In addition, Sayyed Abdul Quddous
Jebara (a Shia cleric) was assassinated in Damascus Province. 8 rebels were slain; including 5 killed in Latakia and a defected
lieutenant in Madaya. [182][183] 35 law-enforcers were killed across the country, in addition to an officer assassinated in Damascus. [184]
21 June A Syrian MiG-21 pilot defected to Jordan with his plane, the country later granted colonel Hassan Hamada political
asylum. [185] SOHR reported the deaths of at least 121 people were killed including 107 people, with 32 killed in Homs and 30 in
Damascus Province, one of the highest death tolls in the entire uprising. In addition, at least 10 rebels were slain; including 5 in Dera'a
and a defected officer in Idlib. [186] 54 law-enforcers were killed, primarily in clashes. [186] The LCC reported that over 128 people were
killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, primarily in the Damascus suburbs, Hama, and Daara. [187]
22 June - Friday of "The governments let us down, but where are the people?" Protests were widespread after Friday prayers,
occurring primarily in Central Aleppo and Damascus and its suburbs, as well as the Homs, Hama, Idlib, Daara, and Deir Ezzor
governates. 87 people were killed by security forces and the Syrian army by the evening, primarily in the Damascus suburbs and
including at least 15 in Aleppo city. [188][189] Syrian army shot down a Turkish F-4 Phantom fighter jet near the Turkish/Syrian
border. [190] SOHR reported the deaths of 59 people; including 11 in a demonstration in Aleppo. Between 6-10 rebels were slain;
including 2 in Homs and a defected captain. [191] A total of 41 soldiers were killed; including 26 Shabiha killed in West Aleppo
Province. [191] The largest single officer defection took place; 5 officers, from Idlib province, announced their defection; 2 brigadier
generals, 2 colonels and a fighter pilot defected. [192]
23 June LCC reported the deaths of 131 people were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, including 31 in Deir Ezzor, 26
in the Damascus suburbs, and 24 in Idlib. [193] SOHR reported the deaths of 76 people; 22 in Deir Ezzor and 15 in Homs. At least 9