Trajectory-Based Operations (TBO) - Joint Planning and ...

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Trajectory-Based Operations (TBO) Study Team Report Figure 1. Position Uncertainty As the aircraft approaches level-off and cruise, the shape of the protected airspace morphs into more of an elliptical 3-D shape, where the aircraft is positioned in the narrow end of the elliptical shape, with the wake vortex “tail” as its aft bound and vertical, lateral, and longitudinal uncertainty defining the flexible airspace. No two elliptical shapes can overlap if separation is to be assured. In this case, Aircraft A and Aircraft B have crossing trajectories. Aircraft A’s protected space is smaller because it has less uncertainty than Aircraft B. The trailing area of protection may reflect wake turbulence requirements. The lateral protection is the uncertainty in navigation performance, while the leading distance along the flight path represents the time uncertainty. In level flight, the vertical altitude dimension is quite small. Joint Planning and Development Office 7
Trajectory-Based Operations (TBO) Study Team Report Figure 2. En Route Uncertainties Defining Conformance Boundaries On arrival, the shape of uncertainty projects downward, based on the descent profile. RNP controls lateral displacement, and time is projected forward to points in space for metering, merging, or initiating the approach as needed for separation, sequencing, merging, and spacing. As the aircraft moves closer to the airport and landing, the uncertainty of vertical profile decreases and the aircraft is now flying in more of a tube-shaped bounded uncertainty, defined laterally by RNP and vertically by the altitude restrictions for the arrival. Joint Planning and Development Office 8
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