Clinical Approach to Acid-base Disorders - University at Buffalo

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Compensatory Changes • These changes tend to correct the pH but do not completely normalize it. • An alteration in one component of the P a CO 2 / [HCO 3 ] - ) ratio changes the other component in the same direction i to limit i changes in [H + ] concentration (and thus the pH). • Ventilatory t response of the lungs to alter P a CO 2 is prompt but the kidney may take many hours to compensate.
Maintenance of Acid-Base Balance • Kidneys alter the rate of absorption of [HCO 3 ] - by increasing its absorption when P a CO 2 increases (respiratory acidosis) and decreasing the rate of absorption of [HCO 3 ] - when P a CO 2 decreases (respiratory alkalosis) • Lungs compensate for a change in [HCO 3 ] - by increasing the ventilation to reduce P a CO 2 in metabolic acidosis and decreasing the ventilation to reduce P a aCO 2 in metabolic alkalosis.
Page 1 and 2: Clinical Approach to Acid-base Diso
Page 3: Acid-Base Disorders • Metabolic D
Page 7 and 8: Rule #1: Check for Internal Consist
Page 9 and 10: Rule #2: Examine the pH • A reduc
Page 11 and 12: Rule #4:Calculate the anion gap •
Page 13 and 14: Mixed Disturbance • Acidosis •
Page 15 and 16: Mixed Disturbance (contd) • Alkal
Page 17 and 18: Expected Compensatory Responses •
Page 19 and 20: Metabolic Acidosis 2. High AG acido
Page 21 and 22: Metabolic Alkalosis 1. Chloride sen
Page 23: Respiratory Alkalosis 1.Problem cau

Clinical Approach to Acid-base Disorders - University at Buffalo

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