Flora of Dominica, Part 2 - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

74 coNvoLwLAcEAE~cuRBmcEAE SMITHSONUN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY
capsule surrounded by calyx, exocarp operculate, brown,
endocarp thin, transparent, splitting irregularly.
Neotropics; in Dominica: Grand Savanne (Nicolson 2042).
Fruiting in November.
A few stellate hairs and no simple ones were found on the
Dominican specimen examined. Other West Indian specimens
were glabrous or with simple hairs as in South American
material.
Stictocardia Hallier
Stictocardh tilufolia
Stictocardia tiliifolia (Desrousseaux) Hallier, 1894:159, “tilhefolia”.-Austin
et al., 1978:195.-Powell, 1979,265.
Convolvulur tiliifoliur Desrousseaux in Larnarck, 1789,3544, “tiliaefOrius.”
Argyreh tiliifolia @esrousseaux) Wight, 1848.4(2):12, pl. 1358.-Grisebach,
1862466.
Creeper with large cordate to orbicular leaves bearing
numerous small black or brown glands on lower surfaces and
outside of sepals and corolla tube; peduncles shorter than
subtending petioles; flowers usually solitary, the two outer
sepals & enclosing the others: calyx becoming very much
enlarged, covering the indehiscent fruit; corolla -9 cm long,
rose-colored with a dark center.
Circumtropical; in Dominica: La Plaine (Whitefoord 5400),
Petit Coulibri (Whitefoord 6056). sine loc. (Imray 230 at K).
This should not be confused with Ipomoea alba nor I.
violacea, which are similar in size, but with white flowers,
valvate fruits, and without glandular dots.
Gunn (1972b) has an extensive discussion of this species. He
reviewed the typification of Ipomoea campanulata, concluding
that this binomial must be typified on an illustration (Adamboe
of Rheede) rather than on the specimen in the Linnaean
Herbarium, which is Thespesia populnea of the Malvaceae. We
agree with this, but we disagree with the identification of
Adamboe Rheede as a Stictocardia. It is Ipmoea campanulata
Linnaeus (cf. Nicolson et al., 1988:91). Thus we exclude
Ipomoea campanulata from Stictocardia and adopt what is, in
our view, the oldest available and applicable epithet.
CRASSULACEAE
Kalanchoe integra (Medikus) Kuntze, with rather condensed
inflorescences at ends of long peduncles, smaller flowers, and
cuneate leaves was collected in the Roseau Botanic Garden
(Hodge 3930).
Bryophyllum pinnatum
Bryophyllwnpinnatwn (Lamarck) Oken, 1841,3:1966.-Howard, 1988,4:313.
Coiyledon pinnata Lamarck, 1786,2:141.
Bryophyllwn calycinum Salisbury, 1805, 1, pl. 3.
Kolanchoe pinnola (Lamarck) Persoon, 1807, 2(2):446.-Jacobsen, 1960,
2658.
Succulent herb to 1 m; leaves simple or 3-5-foliolate; calyx
inflated. Tiny plantlets develop in leaf notches.
Originally Madagascar, now pantropical; in Dominica a
naturalized weed along roadsides and in low, wet places: Cabrit
Swamp (Hodge 433, Grand Savanne (Hodge 3789), Layou
(Ernst 1519, Mt. Joy (Hodge 1268), Pointe Ronde (Hodge
2644). Rodney’s Rock (DeFilipps 169), SoufriZxe (Hodge
1642), Wooten Waven (Hodge 436).
The leaves are used as a cooling tea and poultice
(Honychurch, 1980:36). Adjanohoun et al. (198595, pl. 61)
reported usage against dyspepsia.
It is debatable that B. pinnatum was a new combination
validly published by Oken. He seemed to recognize two names,
B. pinnatum and B. calycinum, as one species, “Die Gemeine.”
I assume that Oken was treating these as alternative names,
acceptable before 1953 (Art. 34.4) (ICBN). All literature cited
by Oken refer simply to B. calycinum Salisbury except one,
“Sims Bot. Mag. t. 1409,” which cited the basionym, Cotyledon
pinnata Lamarck. I accept B. pinnatum as a new combination
through indirect reference (Art. 32.4, ICBN).
CUCURBITACEAE
This family has special difficulties: a lack of specimens of
cultivated (and escaping?) species, a classification under
revision, and a need for staminate and pistillate flowers and
hits to be certain of determinations.
Cucum‘s me10 Linnaeus, the cantaloupe or musk melon, may
be cultivated in Dominica but it has not been collected.
Cucum’s sativus Linnaeus, the cucumber, is cultivated on
Dominica (at Bomes, Nicolson 4226). It has scabrous leaves
shallowly Slobed, petioles glandless, simple tendrils, flowers
small and yellow, anthers S-shaped, and a medium-sized, more
or less prickly hit. It may escape.
The genus Cucurbita includes a number of cultivated
species, many of which include very different cultivars that are
very difficult to define. The genus may be recognized by its
yellow, bell-shaped corollas only lobed about half-way to the
base and 3-branched tendrils. Cucurbita m‘ma Duchesne ex
Lamarck, the autumn or winter squash (melon pumpkin), has a
soft, round unexpanded fruit-stalk, weakly lobed leaves, obtuse
corolla lobes and a plump white seed with obtuse, firm
margins. Cucurbita mixta Pangalo, the cushaw or silverseed
gourd, is like C. moschata but has linear calyx lobes and a
unexpanded hit-stalk. Cucurbita moschata (Lamarck) Duchesne
ex Poiret, the winter crook-necked squash, is a softly
hairy vine with a hard, ridged fruit-stalk much expanded at the
apex, often foliose sepals, and pale buff s&ds with a wavy,
hyaline margin. Cucurbita pep0 Linnaeus, including the true
pumpkin, as well as the zucchini squash, is a harshly hispid
vine with leaves often prominently lobed, a hard, ridged,
little-expanded hit-stalk, and pale buff, firm-margined seeds.
I am unable to identify our one cultivated collection from
Bornes (Nicolson 4225 called pumpkin) because it is only in
staminate flower; it might be C. mixta Pangalo.