Flora of Dominica, Part 2 - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

42
ASTERACEAE
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY
4 mm long, subtended by a longish bracteole, bracts 4;
receptacle small, naked; florets 4, discoid, 5-t00thed, teeth 1
mm long; achenes 2-3 mm long, crowned with capillary
bristles.
Northern South America into Central America and Lesser
Antilles; rare in Dominica at midelevations: Couliaboun [M.
Anglais] (Imray s.n. [type of M. imrayana], Nicolson 4100,
4105), Grand Bay (Eggers 655). between Laudat & Valley of
Desolation (Whitefoord 5486), Lisdara (Cooper 172).
Although the Antillean materials are isolated from the
mainland, they do not seem sufficiently differentiated for
infraspecific recognition. This species may intergrade with M.
latifolia, although not on Dominica.
Mikania latifolia
Mihnio latifdio J.E. Smith in Rees, 1813,23, no. 8.-Urban, 1907,5:222.
Mihnio lotifolio f. dominicensis Urban, 1907,5:223.--Stehle,1954b:71.
Mihnio lotifolio var. dominicensis (Urban) Domin, 193Od:68.
Leaves thinly coriace~us, base rounded to k cordate or
tapered, margins entire; heads sessile, with short bracteoles;
involucre 6-7 mm; corolla lobes 3 mm long; achenes 4-5 mm.
Lesser Antilles; occasional on Dominica, usually at midelevations
or near east coast: Freshwater Lake (Chambers 2568),
Laudat (Eggers 998 type of f. dom’nicensis), Morne Negres
Marrons (Hodge 1069), Rosalie (Eggers 656). Woodford Hill
(Chambers 2604).
The question with this taxon is not whether infraspecific taxa
should be recognized but whether it is bvly different from some
South American species.
Mikania micrantha
Mihnia microntha Kunth, 1820,4:1M.-Robinson, 1934b:57.
Mikonio scondens smsu Urban, 1907, 5229, et Domin, 193Od:66. not as to
type of Mikmio scondens (Linnaeus) Willdenow.
Glabrous; leaves thinly membranous, usually cordate at base
and with margins undulately toothed; heads pedicelled;
involucre 4 mm; achenes 2 mm.
Neotropical, elsewhere an introduced weed; the commonest
Mikania of Dominica: Baiac (Whitefoord 3829), Belle Fille
(King 6354), Carholm (King 6393), Carib Reserve (Hodge
3235), Clarke Hall (Chambers 2707, Ernst 1694, Deux
Branches (Chambers 2772, Hodge 2989), Fond Colet (King
6292), Fond St. John (King 6330), Freshwater Lake (Wilbur
7476), Grand Bay road (Ernst 1619), La Chaudiere (Hodge
3579), Laudat (Gillis 8196), L’Imprevue (Narodny s.n.),
Lisdara (Hodge 2340), Marigot (Hodge 765), Milton (Hodge
2564), Pont Casse (Long & Norstog 3373, Wilbur 7773),
Pointe Michel (King 6311), Pointe Ronde (Hodge 2697),
Rasade (King 631 7), Roche d’Or (Stern & Wasshausen 2580),
near Rosalie (Chambers 2726), Roseau (Cooper 136), South
Chiltern (Hodge 1538), Sylvania (Cooper 89, Hodge 766,
Nicolson 1863, Syndicate (Whitefoord 3588).
Robinson (1934b) discussed M. scandens and its relatives,
concluding that this species name should be restricted to a
taxon of eastern and southeastern United States and M.
m‘crantha used for the neotropical aspect. Fosberg and Sachet
(1980b45) used Mikania scandens (Lhaeus) Willdenow for
a broad concept, including M. micrantha.
Domin (193W65) reported the local tradition that this weed
arrived in Dominica in 1902 with the eruption of Mt. Pel& and
arrived in its volcanic cloud. The earliest Dominica collection
known (cited by Domin) is a Bryant collection in 1905.
Mikania ovalis
Mikonio ovalis Grisebach, 1861:363.-Urban,
19306:67.
1907, 5:217.-Domin,
Leaves thick-coriaceous, ovate to rotund, base rounded,
margins with a few glandular “teeth”; heads pedicelled;
involucre 2 mm; achenes 2 mm.
Martinique and Guadeloupe; in Dominica on or near
summits of higher mountains: Mome Anglais [Couliaboun,
type locality] (Hodge 768, 2266), Morne Diablotins (Fishlock
s.n., Hodge 2831, Wasshausen & Ayensu 407, Webster 13367,
Whitefoord 5730), Morne Trois Pitons (Chambers 2755, Ernst
1219, Hodge 767,1388, Wilbur 8100), sine loc. (Fishlock 4).
Flowering April-June.
Neurolaena R. Brown
Neurolaena lobata
Neurolcleno lohto (Linnaeus) Cassini in Cuvier, 1825, 34:502.--Domin,
1930d:S 1 .-Stehlb, 1963: 185.-Turner, 1982: 134.-Khan & Jarvis,
1989661.
Conyza loboto Linnaeus, 1753362.
Cony= synphytjfolio MUer, 1768.
Plwko symphytifolio (Miller) Gillis, 1!V7:591.
Z’herbes a pique.
Coarse, erect herb to 2 m; leaves alternate, denticulate,
sometimes lower ones lobed, corymbs terminal; involucral
bracts 3-veined, imbricate, in 2-3 series, outer smallest;
receptacle flat, with elongate, 1-veined pales; florets all tubular,
bisexual, yellow; achenes narrowed at base, with pappus of
many capillary bristles.
Widespread in neotropics; occasional in Dominica, usually
in midlands: Bellevue (Taylor 146), Carib Reserve (Hodge
3231, Stehle 6418), Fond Baron (Ernst 1621, King 6296),
Freshwater Lake (Chambers 2556). Grand Fond (King 6377),
La Chaudiere (Hodge 3684), Lisdara (Cooper 146, Hodge
2390,2483), Mt. Joy (Hodge 1253), Pont Casse (King 6349,
Proctor 25762, Wilbur 7759), South Chiltern (Hodge 1454,
1569), Syndicate (Ernst 204), Trou Cochon (Whitefoord
5615), sine loc. (Hodge 1087).
Caribs reported to use as a remedy for yaws, to use pounded
leaves and stems as a mild fish poison or as wash for ticks, and
to apply to breasts for weaning (Hodge and Taylor, 1957:615).