Flora of Dominica, Part 2 - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

22 ANACARLXACEAE-ANNONA~EAE SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY
Spondias Linnaeus
Spondias mombin
Spondias mombin Linnaeus, 1753:317.-Little & Wadsworth, 1964:294, pl.
134.
SpondLas lufea Linnaeus, 1762:613, nom. illeg.
Mombin, hog-plum.
Tree to 13 m; leaves odd-pinnate, -7 pairs of leaflets;
flowers fragrant, white; fruit a several-celled drupe.
Pantropical; in lowlands of Dominica at south end of island
Badineau (Hodge 2222), Grand Bay (Ernst 1062), Ridgefield
(Hodge 3899 on US specimen, probably in error), Salybia
(Hodge 3341). South Chiltern (Ernst 1301, Hodge 3876).
Fruits and leaves have several medicinal uses among Caribs
(Hodge and Taylor, 1957578 and Adjanohoun et al., 198545,
pl. 12).
ANNONACEAE
Canunga odorata (Lamarck) J. Hooker & Thomson, the
source of the perfume oil ylang-ylang, with yellow, elongated
(>5 cm) petals, is planted at Macoucherie Estate (Chambers
2511) and at the Batali River bridge (DHN!).
Monodora tenuifolia Bentham, the orchid flower tree, with
showy yellow flowers marked with red (3 petals broad and
spreading, 3 narrow and inflexed) is cultivated in the Roseau
Botanic Gardens (Nicolson 4215).
1. Pedicel to 0.5 cm long .............. Oxandra
1. Pedicel >I cm long.
2. Carpels free in fruit; petals 6, strap-shaped .......
........................ Guatteria
2. Carpels united in fruit; petals 3 or if 6 then mangular.
3. Fruit various but not tuberculate and reticulate; petals
not winged ................. Annona
3. Fruit reticulate and tuberculate; 3 petals each with a
conspicuous wing to 1 cm long ....... Rollinia
Annona Linnaeus
1. Leaves with hairy pockets (domatia) in axils of primary
lateral veins at midrib; petals 6; fruit spiny ........
........................ A. muricata
1. Leaves without domalia; petals 3 or 6.
2. Petals 6; leaf thick-coriaceous, glabrous; fruit smooth
.A. glabra
........................
2. Petals 3; leaf membranous, pubescent below; fruit
smooth or tuberculate.
3. Fruit smooth, of slightly dented, completely fused
carpels ................. A. reticulata
3. Fruit tuberculate, of rounded, loosely cohering carpels
..................... A. squamosa
Annona glabra
Annona glabra Linnaeus, 1753537.-Little et al., 1974:172, pl. 320.
Annona palustrir Linnaeus. 1762:757.
Branching shrub to 3 m tall with yellowish white flowers and
a smooth green fruit.
Neotropics in wet places; in Dominica a dominant in
sea-level swamp with Dalbergia or Pterocarpus: Cabrits
Swamp (Ernst 1179, Hodge 397, Whitefoord 4053, Indian
River (DHN!), Woodford Hill River (DHN!).
Annona muricata
Annona mrrricata Linnaeus, 1753:536.-Little & Wadsworth, 1964:100, pl. 37.
Corossol, courasotte, soursop.
Tree to 6 m; twigs pubescent; leaves light green beneath;
hit with large, curved spines.
Native of West Indies but widely cultivated; in Dominica in
the lowlands: Cabrits (Hodge 398, Nicolson 1884), Dublanc
(Whitefoord 5203), Eden River near airport (Erst 1680). Mt.
Joy Estate (Nicolson 2124), Roseau (Morden 9), Salybia
(Hodge 3092), South Chiltern (Stern & Wasshausen 2501).
Fruit used for juice or to flavor ice cream; leaves used
medicinally (Hodge and Taylor, 1957557, and Adjanohoun et
al., 198547, pl. 13).
Annona montuna Macfadyen, a similar species, has short,
straight fruit spines and glabrous terminal twigs, while A.
muricata has pubescent branchlets.
Annona reticulata
Annona reticdata Linnaeus. 1753:537.-Little
38.
& Wadsworth, 1964: 102, pl.
Custard apple, cachima, bullock's heart, cachima langue
boeuf.
Small tree 5-10 m with smooth, shiny fruit with yellowish
Pulp.
Native to West Indies but widely cultivated for fruit; in
Dominica: Salisbury (Nicolson 4114), Salybia (Hodge 3338),
South Chiltem (Hodge 165).
Bark and leaves used medicinally by Caribs (Hodge and
Taylor, 1957558). Medicinal usages also reported by Adjanohoun
et d. (198546, pl. 14).
Annona squamosa
Annona squamosa Linnaeus, 1753:537.-Little
39.
& Wadsworth, 1964:104, pl.
Sweetsop, sugar apple.
Small tree 5-8 m with tuberculate, glaucous fruit with sweet
white pulp.
West Indian species widely cultivated for fruit; in Dominica
near sea: Pointe Michelle (Ramage s.n.), Portsmouth (DHN!).
The leaves are used by the Caribs to brew a medicinal tea