Flora of Dominica, Part 2 - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

200 RUTACEAE~APINDACFAE SMlTHSONTAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY
Zanthoxylum spingex
Zanthoxylwn spinifex (Jacquin) A.P. Candolle, 1824,1:728.
Fagara spingex Jacquin, 1801, Fragm., 10. pl. 6: fig. 2.
Fagara microphylla Desfontaines ex Hamilton, 182521.
Spiny shrub to 4 m; leaf-rhachis winged, leaflets small, with
two callose gland beneath at the base.
West Indies and South America; common in Dominica in
dry scrub of west coast: Gabriel (Wilbur 8233), Pointe Ronde
(Hodge 2747). Flowering in April (apparently with few leaves),
fruiting in August.
SABIACEAE
(by R. DeFilipps)
Melwsma herberh’i
Meliosma herbertii Rolfe, 1893:244.-Little & Wadsworth, 1964:314, pl. 144.
Sept ans.
Buttressed tree to 20 m; leaves alternate, entire or toothed
(juvenile), acuminate or caudate; inflorescence a panicle of
small (2 mm wide) flowers; sepals ciliate; stamens 5,3 sterile.
West Indies and northern South America; in rainforests of
Dominica, 300-550 m: Aux Delices (Nicolson 2138), Sylvania
(Hodge 3845). Syndicate (Whitefoord 5585), sine loc. (Taylor
132). Flowering in May, shiny black fruits in March.
Caribs use the wood chiefly for posts (Hodge and Taylor,
1957:579) but the wood is said to be suitable for cabinetry.
SAPINDACEAE
Blighiu sapidu Koenig was cultivated in the Roseau Botanic
Gardens (Hodge 980).
Melicoccus bijugutus Jacquin, called kenip, was growing
along the driveway to Daniel Greene’s house, Canefield Estate
(Nicolson 4219, Whitefoord 6115), fruiting in June 1977,
flowering April 1988. Adjanohoun et al. (1985:173, pl. 139)
reported use of leaf tea against fever.
1. Vines, usually with tendrils.
2. Leaves ternately decompound; inflorescence a corymb;
fruit thin-walled, inflated . . , . . . . Cardiospermum
2. Leaves once-compound; inflorescence a raceme; fruit
thick-walled, not inflated . . . . . . . . . . . Paullinia
1. Trees or shrubs, tendrils absent.
3. Leaves simple; capsule 3-winged . . . . . . Dodonaea
3. Leaves compound; capsule not winged.
4. Leaflets 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . Allophyllus
4. Leaflets 4-12.
5. Leaflets alternate, the apices acute to rounded; fruit
dehiscent, 3-angled, tomentose . . . . . Cupania
5. Leaflets tending to be paired, the apices acuminate;
fruit indehiscent, globoid, glabrous . . . Sapindus
Allophyllus Linnaeus
Allophyllus racemosus
Allophyllw racemosuv Swam, 1788:62.-Whitefmrd, 1989:144.
Schmidolia occidentalis Swartz, 1798:665, non Schmidelia racemosa Linnaeus.
Ornitrophe occidentalb (Swaltz) Willdenow, 1799,2(1):323.
Allophyllw occidentalb (Swam) Radlkofer, 1890:230.
Shrub to small tree; leaflets 3, puberulent and irregularly,
shallowly toothed; inflorescences k racemose; fruits globoid,
-1 cm across.
Antilles; roadside on Dominica: Fonde Hunte Estate
(Whitefoord 4400).
Leenhouts (1967) regarded Allophyllus as comprising a
single, variable species (Allophyllus cobbe (Linnaeus) Raeuschel),
with locally recognizable “races.” He noted (1967:343)
that this Antillean element is similar to several neotropical
“species.”
Both Ornitrophe occidentalis (Swartz) Willdenow and
Allophyllus occidentalis (Swartz) Radlkofer are nomenclaturally
superfluous (based on the same type as Allophyllus
rucemosus Swartz, 1788) but, being based on a legitimate
basionym, Schm’deliu occidentulis Swartz, 1798, are legitimate
under Art. 63.3 (ZCBN).
Cardiospermum Linnaeus
Cardiospermum microcarpum
Cardiospermwn microcarpwn Kunth, 1821,5104.
Cardiospermum halicacabum sensu auctt. not Linnaeus.
Cardiospermum halicacabwn var. microcarpwn (Kunth) Blume, 1849,3:183.
Batard persil.
Low-climbing vine; leaflets serrate to deeply lobed; fruit
inflated, with membranous wings, pubescent.
Pantropical; in coastal thickets of Dominica to 250 m:
Portsmouth (Hodge 654), Roseau Valley (Lloyd 557, Whitefoord
4616), Salybia (Hodge 3289), Soufribre village (Ernst
1338), Springfield (Kruuss 1260).
Caribs crush leaves in water to make a refreshing drink
(Hodge and Taylor, 1957578). Adjanohoun et al. (1985:171,
pl. 138) reported similar medicinal usages.
True C. hulicucubum Linnaeus has larger capsules, 3-4 cm
across instead of 1-2 cm, and may occur on Dominica.
Cupania Linnaeus
1. Capsule k globose, lobes rounded . . . . . C. americana
1. Capsule triangular, lobes acutely angled . . . C. tn’quetra
Cupania amencana
Cupania americana Linnaeus, 1753:200.
Tree to 15 m; leaflets 4-8, 20-25 cm long; fruit tomentose,
3-lobed.