Flora of Dominica, Part 2 - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

1 92 RUEZACEAE SMITHSONLW CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY
problem following all subsequent workers in excluding the
Dominican material from lectotypification of M. calycosa
Grisebach. The apparent emphasis in Grisebach’s habitat
discussion on Dominica is merely an artifact of the Flora he
was writing, his species concept was of the non-Dominican
materials.
Having gone this far, I also note that Steyermark (1972:238),
identified Fendler 588 as Manettia calycosa var. karstenianum
Schumann. This implies that the Haitian material cited by
Grisebach should be recognized as the lectotype of M. calycosa
Grisebach. This proves to be a Schomburgk collection (K). The
flowering and fruiting material in the envelope on the Imray
specimen retained by Grisebach at Goettingen, designated as
lectotype by Chung, may be a mixture taken from the Haitian
(Schomburgk) and Venezuelan (Fendler) collections. In view
of the confusion and mixtures involved, I accept the Schomburgk
specimen at Kew as the superseding lectotype of M.
caZycosa Grisebach. Howard (1989, 6:433) reached the same
position.
Mitracarpus Zuccarini
Mitracarpus hirtus
Mitrueorpus hirtur (Linnaeus) A.P. Candolle, 1830, 4:572.-Nic~lson,
1977a:573.
Spermacoce hirta Linnaeus, 1762:148.
Spermacoce villoso Swartz, 1788:29.
Mitracorpur villosur (Swartz) Chamisso & Schlechtendal ex A.P. Candolle,
1830, 4:52.-Steyermark. 1972:782.-Verdcourt. 1975:322.-Ward,
1976679.
Annual herb with lanceolate ovate or elliptic, k sessile leaves
and dense, axillary, sessile flowers; calyx persistent, of 2 longer
and 2 shorter teeth; capsule circumscissile; seed with a ventral
cross.
Northern neotropics into Florida; common but often overlooked
weed in Dominica in dry, disturbed areas: Delices
(Whitefoord 3672), Dublanc (Whitefoord 4292), Fond Hunte
Estate (Whitefoord 4459, Grand Savanne (Nicolson 1946,
mixed with Spermacoce eryngioides var. questelir?, Layou
Valley (Ernst 1524), Montpelier (Lloyd 586).
Mitracarpus hirtus is similar to Spermacoce but may be
distinguished by its circumscissile capsule and cross-bearing
seed.
There has been controversy regarding whether the correct
name for this species is M. hirtus or M. villosus. The
fundamental question is whether A.P. Candolle included the
type of Spermacoce hirta Linnaeus (1762) in his Mitracarpus
hirtus (where he indirectly referred to it) or excluded it by
placing it in his M. villosus when he stated under the latter, “Sp.
hirta Jacq. ic. rar. t. 308 et forte Linn.” A proposal to revise the
Code to define exclusion “by explicit inclusion of the type in
another taxon” passed. De Candolle’s suggestion that ‘3.
hirta ... Linn.” perhaps belongs in M. villosus does not
constitute explicit exclusion of the type of S. hirta Linnaeus
from Mitracarpus hirtus.
Morinda Linnaeus
Morinda cihifolia
Morinda citrifolia h ams, 1753 : 176.-Adams, 1972:7OO.
Feuille hide.
Succulent shrub or tree to 5 m; stipules ovate, rounded;
inflorescence axillary, a head with united ovaries; flowers
white; fruit fleshy, becoming whitish with age.
Native of tropical Asia, widely naturalized in neotropics;
common in Dominica near beaches: Botanic Garden (Hodge
NO), Cabrit swamp (Hodge 710), Canefield (Nicolson 2074),
East coast (Chambers 2548, Ernst 1469, Gillis 8151, Hodge
2954, 3319, Whitefoord 3763, Wilbur 7986), Pointe Ronde
(Hodge 2690), Scotts Head (Hodge 1647, Kimber 889, Webster
13444).
Used for wrapping rheumatic joints (Hodge and Taylor,
1957:612.
Neolaugeria Nicolson
Neolaugeria resinosa
Neolougeria resinosa (Vahl) Nicolson, 1979:121.
hugeria resinosa Vahl, 1797, Edog., 1:27.4tandley in North Amer. Fl.,
1934,32277.
Stenostomwn resinoswn (Vahl) Grisebach, 1861:334.
Terebraria resinosa (Vahl) Sprague, 1932:349.--Little & Wadsworth,
1964524, pl. 525.
Small tree or shrub to 5 m; leaves glossy and viscid; venation
paxillate (with strikingly elongate areoles) and brochidodromous
(loop-veined near margin); stipules k persistent, tubular,
-2 mm long, ciliate, resinous; inflorescences pedunculate,
borne in upper axils, bifurcate with secund, greenish white
flowers; fruits greenish.
Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and St.
Vincent; occasional in Dominica to 500 m: Hungry Hill Estate
(Whitefoord 4427), Pointe Carib (Wilbur 8008), Soufritxe Bay
(Stern & Wasshausen 2482), South Chiltern (Ernst 1866),
Sylvania (Webster 13410).
Palicourea Aublet
Palicourea aZpina (Swartz) A.P. Candolle was attributed to
Dominica by Grisebach (1861:345), based on Imray collections.
This is believed to be a misidentification because P.
alpina seems to be restricted to the Greater Antilles and,
possibly, Central America. Palicourea alpina has more curved
lateral veins to 1 cm apart and stipules with a tube 2-3 mm
long, while P. crocea has straighter lateral veins >1 cm apart
and stipules with tubes to 1 mm long.
Some Antillean specimens have been determined as Palicourea
riparia Bentham but are indistinguishable from P.
crocea. Adams (1972:729) synonymized the species but
Steyermark (1972:738) recognized Palicourea crocea var.
riparia (Bentham) Grisebach as restricted to northern South
America.