Ultrasound Blocks for the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Ultrasound Blocks for the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Ultrasound Blocks for the Anterior Abdominal Wall
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Preface<br />
Somatic post-surgical pain is invalidating and distressing to<br />
patients and carries <strong>the</strong> risk of important complications. The<br />
anterior abdominal wall is involved in most surgical procedures<br />
in general, gynecologic, obstetric, urological, vascular and<br />
pediatric surgery. Combined multimodal strategies involving<br />
nerve blocks, opiates, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory<br />
drugs <strong>for</strong> systemic analgesia are necessary <strong>for</strong> optimal pain<br />
modulation.<br />
<strong>Anterior</strong> abdominal wall blocks, transverse abdominal plexus<br />
block, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerveblock, genitofemoral<br />
nerve block and rectus sheath block have an important role as<br />
components of multimodal analgesia <strong>for</strong> somatic intraoperative<br />
and postoperative pain control. <strong>Ultrasound</strong> visualization has<br />
improved <strong>the</strong> efficacy and safety of abdominal blocks and<br />
implemented <strong>the</strong> application in <strong>the</strong> clinical setting.<br />
For this reason, <strong>the</strong>y are a very important tool <strong>for</strong> all<br />
anes<strong>the</strong>siologists who aim to treat effectively patients’ pain. This<br />
guide provides an evidence based comprehensive and necessary<br />
overview of anatomical, anes<strong>the</strong>siological and technical<br />
in<strong>for</strong>mation needed to safely per<strong>for</strong>m <strong>the</strong>se blocks.<br />
Zhirajr Mokini<br />
Giovanni Vitale<br />
Amedeo Costantini<br />
Roberto Fumagalli<br />
The Editors
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