Understanding Anesthesiology - The Global Regional Anesthesia ...

Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
The LMA is an airway device that is a hybrid of the mask and the endotracheal tube. It is inserted
blindly into the hypopharynx. When properly positioned, with its cuff inflated, it sits
above the larynx and seals the glottic opening. It is usually used for spontaneously breathing
patients but positive pressure ventilation can be delivered through an LMA. The LMA
does not protect against aspiration.
Like an endotracheal tube, the LMA frees up the anesthesiologist’s hands and allows surgical
access to the head and neck area without interference. While airway obstruction due to
laryngospasm is still a risk, the LMA prevents upper airway obstruction from the tongue or
other soft tissues.
The LMA also has a role to play in the failed intubation setting, particularly when mask ventilation
is difficult.
Related Glossary Terms
Airway obstruction, Aspiration, Bag mask ventilation, Difficult airway, Hypopharynx, Laryngospasm,
Larynx, Mask Airway, Upper airway
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Chapter 1 - Airway Management
Chapter 1 - Airway Management