Heft36 1 - SFB 580 - Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Heft36 1 - SFB 580 - Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Heft36 1 - SFB 580 - Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
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SZALMA IVETT / SZEL BERNADETT<br />
„Even those who have qualifications cannot get a<br />
job. Even more people with more than one degree<br />
are not wanted by the labor market” (group 10).<br />
We are past the society of work (Offe, 1991;<br />
Beck, 1999), which means that it is not<br />
guaranteed that everybody can find a job.<br />
Therefore, we do not let individuals to judged<br />
by their work. We should not let the society<br />
be split in two parts: the majority, who has a<br />
job according to the traditional norms, and the<br />
remarkable minority, which is out of the labor<br />
market. Although, the participants value work,<br />
as they regard it as the essence of life: ‘It is not<br />
good if people live without work and they do not<br />
have job opportunities” (group 14).<br />
They miss the security of workplaces: ‘The<br />
employers get support if they employ unemployed<br />
people, but they will just employ them until they<br />
get the support, then they are going to fire them.<br />
It is not worth doing this procedure. The employers<br />
will not invest anything in their skills. Why do<br />
employees train themselves? This is not a longterm,calculable<br />
job opportunity. The employers<br />
should employ the employees for at least 5 years, so<br />
the employees would be secure for at least 5 years,<br />
in this case they would be able to plan” (group<br />
10). The only solution for people to find or<br />
keep their jobs is to be ready to adapt to the<br />
new situations (job, position and environment<br />
changing). Project work is spreading, which<br />
means that employees get temporary job<br />
contracts. Yet, it seems that most of the people<br />
are not yet ready for flexible employment.<br />
The participants are not against illegal work.<br />
Even more, they commiserate with illegal<br />
workers: ‘People accept illegal jobs, because they<br />
have to live on something” (group 10). At the<br />
same time, they do not feel the same solidarity<br />
with the employers. They believe employers<br />
are the beneficiaries of illegal work by tax<br />
evasion: ‘Employers are always searching for<br />
loopholes. You (employee) are defenseless, but<br />
you have to undertake this game” (group 14).<br />
They emphasize that the defenseless position<br />
forces employees to accept illegal work: ‘You<br />
know this is not correct but you do not have any<br />
other choice” (group 14). In accordance with<br />
quantitative analysis, we can find that people<br />
who are in unfavorable position in society use<br />
the illegal sector.<br />
3. SUMMARY<br />
In the deliberative analysis, the first hypothesis<br />
was partly supported. Those who posses more<br />
cultural capital (higher education, access<br />
to internet) are more likely to support the<br />
deregulation of the labor market. Concerning<br />
educational level, those who completed<br />
tertiary school are more likely to agree<br />
with the deregulation of the labor market<br />
than the less educated people. Educational<br />
background had a significant effect in each of<br />
the sections. Those who use internet prefer the<br />
liberalization of the labor market in T1. The<br />
fact that older people are more likely to agree<br />
with the liberalization of the labor market<br />
than the young is exactly the opposite of what<br />
we had expected. We believe that this<br />
is due to the fact that those who are<br />
over 55 are mostly out of the labor<br />
page 195<br />
market. Thus, if the labor market was<br />
more deregulated than it is today, it<br />
would not mean any uncertainty for them, but<br />
would mean uncertainty for people in their<br />
active age. As for the employment status, I