Advancing Science and Discovery - Society of Economic Geologists

Advancing Science and Discovery 

SEG 

NEWSLETTER 

Mineral Potential of the Democratic Republic 

of Congo: A Geologic Scandal? 

Pierre J. Goossens (SEG 1973 F), † Director, Bugeco, 150, rue de la Station, 1410 Waterloo, Belgium 

www.segweb.org 

APRIL 2009 NUMBER 77 

INTRODUCTION 

Mineral wealth accounted for approximately two-thirds 

of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)’s exports in the 

years leading up to independence in 1960. The country 

possesses a wide range of minerals, the most important 

of which are copper, cobalt, diamonds, and gold. 

Significant deposits of zinc, germanium, tin, tungsten, 

columbium-tantalum (“coltan”), and uranium are also 

found in the country. 

Just prior to 1960, the Congo was the world’s fourth 

largest producer of copper and supplied 55% of the 

world’s cobalt from ores in Katanga (Fig. 1). Mineral 

production was almost entirely controlled by Union 

Minière du Haut Katanga (UMHK). Gold was produced 

from the Kilo-Moto greenstone belts in the northeast of 

the country (Fig. 1) with the Congo ranking among the 

world’s top 15 producers. Both gem and industrial diamonds 

were produced in the Kasai (Fig. 1) and the 

Congo ranked as the world’s largest producer of industrial 

stones at the end of the 1950s. Tin was found in 

considerable quantities in Katanga. Manganese, zinc, 

wolfram (tungsten), tantalum, coal, and iron were produced 

in quantities of varying amounts. In addition, 

prior to 1960 Congo was a very significant uranium 

producer. 

Since independence, mining has remained the country’s 

principal industrial activity. In 1967, the DRC 

(then called Zaïre) government nationalized private 

enterprise, creating the state-owned mining company 

Générale des Carrières et des Mines (Gécamines) and 

also acquired a majority interest in 

to page 

the diamond mining company 

13 ... 

† E-mail, pierre.goossens@bugeco.com; 

website: www. bugeco.com 

ATLANTIC 

OCEAN 

D. R. Congo 

(DRC) 

REPUBLIC OF CONGO 

Kinshasa 

CRYSTAL 

MOUNTAINS 

PHANEROZOIC 

Continental clastic sediments, 

extrusive volcanics 

PROTEROZOIC 

Clastics, sediments, and carbonates 

and metamorphosed sediments 

ARCHEAN 

Gneisses, intrusives, including 

greenstone belts 

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 

ANGOLA 

CONGO BASIN 

KASAI 

DIAMOND 

FIELDS 

Cassiterite and other heavy minerals, 

and gold in Kivu and Manléma 

Cu-Co Katanga Arc 

MINE 

Figure 2 

ZAMBIA 

SUDAN 

UGANDA 

RWANDA 

BURUNDI 

TANZANIA 

ZAMBIA 

FIGURE 1. Simplified geologic map of the DRC (modified after Lepersonne, 

1974) with the principal mineral fields. 

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APRIL 2009 • No 77 SEG NEWSLETTER 3 

SEG 

NEWSLETTER 

Nº 77—APRIL 2009 

EXECUTIVE EDITOR 

Brian G. Hoal 

NEWS EDITOR 

Alice Bouley 

PRODUCTION MANAGER 

Christine Horrigan 

Society of Economic Geologists, Inc. 

7811 Shaffer Parkway 

Littleton, CO 80127-3732 USA 

Tel. +1.720.981.7882 

Fax +1.720.981.7874 

Email: seg@segweb.org 

WEB PAGE: 

http://www.segweb.org 

Feature articles are 

peer reviewed before they 

are accepted for publication. 

Please submit material to the 

Executive Editor. 

Tel. +1.720.981.7882 

Fax +1.720.981.7874 

E-mail: director@segweb.org 

The SEG Newsletter is published quarterly in 

January, April, July and October by the Society 

of Economic Geologists, Littleton, Colorado, 

exclusively for members of the Society. 

Opinions expressed herein are those of the writers 

and do not necessarily represent official 

positions of the Society of Economic Geologists. 

When quoting material from the SEG Newsletter 

please credit both author and publication. 

©2009 The Society of Economic Geologists, Inc. 

Designed & Produced by Type Communications 

Westminster, Colorado 

Printed by MODERN LITHO–PRINT CO. 

Jefferson City, Missouri 

— FOR CONTRIBUTORS — 

The SEG Newsletter is published for the benefit 

of the worldwide membership of the 

Society of Economic Geologists. We invite 

news items and short articles on topics of 

potential interest to the membership. If you 

have questions on submittal of material, 

please call the SEG office at +1.720.981.7882 

or send details by FAX to +1.720.981.7874; by 

email to 

Format: E-mailed news items should be 5 Mb 

maximum. Send to publications@segweb.org. 

Short items may be faxed. Please include your 

name and contact information for verification 

purposes. Please e-mail Christine Horrigan at 

the above address if you have questions. 

Advertising: Paid advertising is solicited to 

help offset publication and mailing costs; for 

rates, contact the Production Manager. 

DEADLINE FOR NEWSLETTER #78: 

May 31, 2009 

Contents 

FEATURE ARTICLE 

1 Mineral Potential of the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Geologic Scandal? 

NEWSLETTER COLUMNS 

4 From the Executive Director: Summary of Activities for the Year 2008 

4 Corrections & Amplifications 

5 Stewart R. Wallace — 1919–2009 

8 Presidential Perspective: Deep Enough? 

9 SEGF Presidential Perspective: In Difficult Times, Look for Opportunity 

10 Contributions 

11 From the Treasurer: Year-End Summary 

12 Editor’s Corner: What’s New in Economic Geology 

SEG NEWS 

17 International Field Workshop on Gold Metallogeny in India 

and Resulting Recommendations 

19 SEG Regional Vice President Lecturer 2008 Report 

20 Mentoring: Reflections on Being Mentored—and the Job Market 

SEG STUDENT NEWS 

21 Nazca Universidad de Concepción (Chile) Student Chapter 

22 University of British Columbia Student Chapter 

EXPLORATION REVIEWS 

23 Metal Resources Announced in 2008: Do They Replenish the Mined-Out Tonnages? 

23–Africa · 26–Alaska · 26–Asia · 28–Australasia · 30–Canada · 31–Europe · 

32–Latin America · 34–Northern Eurasia · 35–Contiguous United States 

MEMBERSHIP 

36 SEG Membership: Candidates and New Fellows, Members and Student Members 

38 SEG Members – Upgrade to Fellow! 

40-41 SEG Membership Application 

42 SEG Officers and Committees 

43 SEG Announcements & Deadlines 

44 Personal Notes & News 

ANNOUNCEMENTS 

39 11th International Platinum Symposium, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada 

39 II Brazilian Symposium on Metallogeny, Gramado-RS, Brazil 

45 GSN 2010 Symposium, Reno/Sparks, Nevada, USA 

45 Reviews in Economic Geology, Volume 15 

45 2009 Xi’an Ni-Cu Symposium, Xi’an, China 

46 PROEXPLO 2009, Lima, Peru 

47 Short Course on Geometallurgy, Geomin2009, Antofagasta, Chile 

47 Northwest Mining Association’s 115th Annual Meeting, Reno/Sparks, Nevada, USA 

47 LIPs of Asia International Symposium, Novosibirsk, Russia 

52 Access Economic Geology via GeoScience World (back cover) 

52 Reviews in Economic Geology, Volume 16 

52 SEG Contact Information (back cover) 

PUBLICATIONS 

48-49 Publications Order Form 

CALENDAR 

50 Calendar 

ADVERTISERS— 

2 Actlabs, Ltd. (inside front cover) 

9 Animas Resources 

28 Anzman, Joseph R. 

22 Big Sky Geophysics 

39 CODES—Symposium 

46 Economic & Environmental 

Geochemistry, Inc. 

2 Exploration with Aster 

(inside front cover) 

28 Geocon, Inc. 

2 Geosense (inside front cover) 

51 io global Workshop 

(inside back cover) 

20 Krystallos Petrographic Consulting 

13 Kuhn, Paul W. 

50 Laravie, Joseph A. 

46 LTL Petrographics 

9 Mining Activity Update 

13 Petrographic Consultants Intl. 

34 Precambrian Research Center 

Workshop 

43 Recursos del Caribe, S.A. 

50 Resource Geosciences de Mexico 

2 SGS (inside front cover) 

22 Shea Clark Smith 

20 Sinclair Knight Merz 

46 Spectral International, Inc. 

12 University of Leicester position 

47 Zonge Engineering & Research

4 SEG NEWSLETTER No 77 • APRIL 2009 

FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 

Summary of Activities for the Year 2008 

NEW OFFICERS 

In the August election of officers for 

January 2009, the membership elected 

the following: Jeffrey W. Hedenquist as 

President-Elect, Douglas J. Kirwin as 

Vice President for Regional Affairs, and 

Lucy H. Chapman, Jeff L. Doebrich, and 

Stephen J. Piercey as Councilors. 

MEMBERSHIP 

As of December 31, 2008, SEG membership 

in all categories totaled 5,256, 

nearly 18% higher than at the end of 

last year and the highest count in the 

Society’s history. Members are currently 

distributed through 95 countries worldwide, 

compared with 86 countries at the 

end of last year. Almost two-thirds of 

the membership works for industry (corporate 

and self-employed); the remainder 

for academia and government. 

Approximately 60% of our members 

are from three countries, namely the 

United States (29%), Canada (17%), 

and Australia (14%). For the first time, 

the majority of members (54%) come 

from outside North America (USA and 

Canada). About 87% of new applicants 

are from outside the USA, with the bulk 

of these applications coming from Latin 

America (34%) and Europe (15%). For 

the year, the Society has processed 1,048 

new applications (11 Fellows, 476 Members, 

and 561 Student Memberships). In 

addition, 33 Members upgraded to 

Fellowship. 

The Society ended the year with 46 

active Student Chapters located in 17 

countries: Canada (13), the U.S.A. (7), 

Australia (4), United Kingdom (3), 

Argentina (3), Chile (2), Colombia (2), 

South Africa (2), Switzerland (2), Bulgaria 

(1), France (1), Germany (1), Greece 

(1), Hungary (1), Portugal (1), Russia 

(1), and Ukraine (1). Whereas a further 

eight chapters are considered to be inactive, 

students overall make up about 

17% of the membership, an historic high. 

The SEG Foundation continues to 

provide important subsidies required to 

sustain special membership classes such 

as Students, Senior Fellows, and Lindgren 

Awardees. 

CONFERENCES, FIELD TRIPS, 

AND SHORT COURSES 

In 2008, the Society organized, sponsored, 

or participated in the following 

conferences, workshops, symposia, field 

courses, and field trips: 

• SEG was an exhibitor at the AME BC 

Mineral Exploration Roundup in 

Vancouver, Canada, January 28–31, 

2008. 6,700 delegates attended this 

event entitled “25 Years: From 

Discovery to Development”. 

• SEG co-sponsored a short course entitled, 

“Joint Modular Course in Quantitative 

Methods for Mineral Exploration” 

in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 

February 16–23, 2008. The course 

featured four 2-day modules by J. 

Shuenemeyer, L. Drew, D. Singer, R. 

Dimitrakopoulos, and C. Chung. 

• SEG was an exhibitor at the PDAC 

convention, March 2–5, 2008. This 

event attracted an estimated 20,162 

delegates, including 415 exhibitors. 

The SEG Council, Foundation Trustees, 

Executive Committee, and Program 

Committee held meetings at the 

Radisson Admiral Harbourfront 

Hotel in Toronto, February 29–March 

1, 2008. 

• SEG was present at the 18 th Caribbean 

Geological Conference in Santo Domingo, 

Dominican Republic, March 

24–30, 2008. SEG was an exhibitor 

with Regional VP-Latin America, Isidoro 

Schalamuk handling the booth. 

• The SEG was present at the Latin 

American Exploration Forum 2008 

in Santiago, Chile, April 7–8, 2008. 

SEG Fellows Marco Zentilli and 

Francisco Camus represented the 

SEG at the booth. 

• The SEG was present at the VIII 

International Gold Symposium in 

Lima, Peru, May 20–22, 2008. The 

event was attended by more than 

1,000 delegates. 

Noel White, 

Thayer Lindsley 

Lecturer 2008, 

gave a keynote 

address. Isidoro 

Schalamuk, 

Cesar Vidal, Noe 

Vilcas, and 

Eduardo Dominguez 

volunteered at the SEG booth. 

• SEG was a co-sponsor and exhibitor 

at the GAC-MAC-SEG-SGA Meeting, 

in Quebec City, Canada, May 26–28, 

2008. The SEG meeting coordinator 

was Benoît Dubé. SEG participated in 

field trips, workshops, and the technical 

program. Mike Lesher coordinated 

the Ni-Cu Symposium and 

Voisey’s Bay field trip. The booth was 

manned by Brian Hoal. 

• SEG supported the Gordon Conference 

on Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits 

in Lucca, Italy, on June 29–July 4, 2008. 

• The SEG-GSSA 2008 Conference, 

Africa Uncovered: Mineral Resources 

for the Future, was held in Misty 

Hills, Muldersdrift, South Africa, July 

5–10, 2008. There were several preand 

post-field trips and workshops. 

The SEG BIF-related Iron Deposits 

Short Course and Field Trip produced 

the newest SEG Reviews Volume, #15. 

Over 600 registrants and 200 students 

attended this very successful 

event. The SEG booth brought in significant 

publication sales and 

approximately 35 new memberships. 

• The Australian Earth Science Convention 

2008 held in Perth, Western 

Australia, July 20–24, 2008, was the 

site for the SEG Penrose Gold Medal 

awards ceremony with Michael 

Solomon receiving the award from 

citationist, David Groves. The SEG 

booth was coordinated by Regional 

VP for Australasia, Timothy Baker. 

• The SEG co-sponsored three IGC-Oslo 

symposia at the 33 rd International 

Geological Congress 

in Oslo, Norway, 

August 5–14, 2008. 

BRIAN G. HOAL 

SEG Executive Director 

and Editor 

to page 6 ... 

CORRECTIONS & AMPLIFICATIONS 

In the Argentina section of Exploration Reviews for Newsletter no. 74 (July 2008, p. 40), an incorrect mineral 

was listed for reserves at the Pirquitas mine. The column should have indicated that in-pit reserves for 

tin, at a 50-gpt cutoff grade, are 0.26% for tin, and probable reserves are 0.20% for tin. In addition, the 

tailings for the mine should indicate 0.37% tin (lead was mistakenly listed in these three instances).


The deadline for the April issue necessitated this abbreviated announcement; an expanded memorial will appear in the next issue of the SEG Newsletter. 

STEWART R. WALLACE — 1919 – 2009 

SEG’S Anonymous Donor 

Stewart R. Wallace 

(SEG 1961, SF1991), 

a highly regarded, 

world-renowned 

authority on molybdenum 

deposits, discoverer 

of the 

Ceresco Ridge orebody 

at Climax and 

the Henderson mine 

in Colorado, and the 

Anonymous Donor 

who provided 100 percent of the funding 

for the SEG Headquarters Building in 

Littleton, Colorado, died on March 12, 

2009, at the age of 89, just a few weeks 

short of his 90 th birthday. 

Stewart was born March 31, 1919, in 

Freeport, New York, obtained a BA degree 

from Dartmouth College in 1941 and, 

after serving 4.5 years as a commissioned 

officer in the U.S. Army during World War 

II, received MSc and PhD degrees in 1948 

and 1953, respectively, from the University 

of Michigan. From 1948 to 1955 (part 

time 1950–1952, while pursuing graduate 

study at Michigan), he worked as a geologist 

in the Minerals Deposit Branch of the 

U.S. Geological Survey, and participated 

in several western U.S. 

mining district mapping 

projects including the 

following: thorium and 

rare earth deposits in 

the Powderhorn district 

near Gunnison, 

Colorado; mineral zoning in the Front 

Range, Colorado; uranium deposits in the 

Powder River Basin, Wyoming, and the 

alkaline complex of the Judith Mountains, 

Montana. The last was the subject 

of his PhD thesis. His work with the USGS 

resulted in seven publications. 

In 1955, he left the Survey to join the 

Climax Molybdenum Company at the 

recommendation of John W. Vanderwilt 

(SEG 1930, then Climax consulting geologist 

and president of Colorado School of 

Mines). From 1955 to 1957, he was 

“Resident Geologist” and embarked on a 

detailed study of the complex geology of 

the Climax ore deposit and, in the process, 

greatly clarified ore deposition controls. 

This work resulted in his first publication 

on “Climax-type” ore deposits. 1 In 

1958, he was promoted to Chief Geologist 

and then Chief of Geology and Exploration, 

until 1969. During this period, he 

and his team of geologists continued the 

1 Wallace, S.R., Jonson, D.C., Navias, 

R.A., and Skapinsky, S.A., 1957, Ring fracture 

intrusion and mineralization at Climax, 

Colorado: a preliminary report: Geol. 

Soc. America Bull., v. 68, p. 1809–1810. 

“. . . there absolutely should be 

some ‘center’ from which the 

Society functions—preferably 

in one place and permanent.” 

—Stewart R. Wallace, July 1994 

detailed study of Climax geology resulting 

in the discovery of large tonnages of new 

ore, including the spectacular discovery of 

the Ceresco orebody and its deep offset 

portion at more than 10,000 feet below 

surface across a major fault. This detailed 

geologic work led to the development of a 

multiple-intrusion model to describe the 

complex magmatic and hydrothermal 

events that produced the Climax orebody, 

and was key to the prediction and discovery 

of the world-class Henderson orebody 

at Red Mountain, near Empire, Colorado. 

Stewart was also renowned for his ability 

to work closely with mine engineers 

and mine management and was particularly 

successful in the application of geology 

to mining and exploration. 

Detailed geologic 

mine mapping and related 

studies carried out under 

his leadership greatly facilitated 

engineering operations 

at the Climax and 

Henderson mines. 

In 1969, he left Climax to form Mine 

Finders, Inc., an exploration consulting 

firm based in Lakewood, Colorado, for 

which he served as President and Director 

of Exploration. Under an agreement with 

Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Mine 

Finders conducted minerals exploration in 

western North America and elsewhere. 

Following conclusion of that agreement 

and dissolution of Mine Finders in 1976, 

he continued working as an exploration 

consultant whose recognized expertise on 

porphyry molybdenum deposits was 

highly sought after by major international 

mining corporations. 

Stewart was a Distinguished Member 

of the Society of Mining Engineers (SME), 

a Fellow of the Geological Society of 

America, and a member of a number of 

other professional-scientific associations. 

In 1974, SME honored him with one of its 

highest awards, the prestigious Daniel C. 

Jackling Award, primarily in recognition 

of the discovery of the Henderson orebody. 

In 2001, he was inducted into the 

National Mining Hall of Fame in Leadville, 

Colorado, together with six 

legendary North American mining 

industry figures. 

Within the Society of Economic 

Geologists, Stewart will be remembered 

for his enthusiastic service, interest in all 

aspects of SEG, concern for its welfare, 

and his legacy of the SEG Headquarters 

Building. He served on various SEG committees, 

including the Nominating Committee, 

which he chaired, and was a 

member of the Council, 1973–1975, Vice 

President in 1978, and President in 1992. 

For the SEG Foundation, he served five 

years as a Trustee. His vision for SEG as 

stated in July 1994 was that, “. . . there 

absolutely should be some ‘center’ from 

which the Society functions—preferably in 

one place and permanent.” 

On February 2, 1996, Stewart made the 

first of several contributions to the Society 

to establish a “permanent” headquarters 

in the Denver area. All together, those 

contributions totaled in excess of $5 million 

and funded the purchase of a building 

site, design, construction, and furnishing 

(including then “state of the art” computer 

equipment) of the headquarters 

building, and an endowment of over $1.5 

million to cover the operating and maintenance 

costs of the building—a complete 

package. He was directly involved in the 

site selection for the building and its 

design. Completed in early 2000, the 

building serves as the international 

headquarters for both the Society and 

the Foundation, and houses the publishing 

activities of the former Economic 

Geology Publishing Company. All this 

was undertaken with strict instructions 

from Stewart that his contributions would 

be “absolutely undisclosed” until his 

death. Stewart’s farsighted action is 

greatly benefiting the Society and its 

members, as it also will future generations 

of economic geologists. 

Stewart was a life-long avid sailor and 

sailed on numerous bodies of water on 

three continents. He was preceded in 

death by his brother, Henry, of Cortez, 

Florida, and is survived by son, William, 

of Lakewood, Colorado, and daughter, 

Margaret, of Oley, Pennsylvania. 1


... from 4 

Summary of Activities for the Year 2008 (Continued) 

Neil Williams, SEG President, gave a 

keynote address. The symposia were 

MRD-16, Iron oxide copper gold 

deposits (R. Marschik and L. Fontboté 

conveners); MRD-17, Gold deposits: 

Reflections of their tectonic environments 

(R. Goldfarb and J. Hedenquist 

conveners); and MRD-20, Porphyrytype 

deposits (D. Cooke and P. 

Hollings conveners). The SEG also 

exhibited, with several volunteers 

taking turns at the booth. 

• SEG co-sponsored the UNESCO-SEG- 

SGA Latin American Metallogeny 

Short Course, August 18–29, 2008, in 

La Paz, Bolivia. The theme this year 

was “Metallogenesis and Mineral 

Deposits of the Central Andes and 

the Precambrian of Bolivia.” 

• Newly formed and first SEG Student 

Chapter in Colombia, South America, 

organized the VIII Geological Technical 

Week: Geology, Industry and 

New Technologies in Medellin, 

Colombia, September 2–6, 2008. SEG 

Vice President for Regional Affairs, 

Antonio Arribas, gave a short course 

and coordinated the sale of SEG publications 

and new memberships with 

the assistance of the Student Chapter 

President, Carlos Jimenez. This event 

brought in significant publication 

sales and 71 new SEG memberships. 

The new student chapter members 

are very active and enthusiastic. 

• SEG co-sponsored the Gold of the 

North Pacific Rim Forum in Magadan, 

Russia, September 10–12, 2008. 

Jeffrey W. Hedenquist, SEG Honorary 

Lecturer, gave a keynote address 

entitled, “Porphyry to epithermal 

transition: Lithocaps and high-sulfidation 

deposits form on the shoulders 

of porphyry systems”. Nikolai 

Goryachev was on the organizing 

committee. 

• SEG was a co-sponsor of the XIV 

Peruvian Geological Congress and 

XIII Latin American Geological 

Congress in Lima, Peru, September 

30–October 4, 2008. SEG presented 

three workshops (W. Chávez-E. 

Petersen, R. Goldfarb-C. Hart, and L. 

Meinert-D. Leach, R. Tosdal); one 

field trip (W. Chávez –E. Petersen); 

and one Pb-Zn session (D. Kelley-D. 

Leach). The SEG booth was handled 

by Mabel Lanfranchini (Argentina) 

and Brian Hoal. Publication sales 

were strong and a record 107 new 

SEG members were signed up. The 

SEG Publications Board Meeting, 

chaired by Stuart Simmons, was also 

held during this event on Tuesday, 

September 30, 2008. 

• SEG appointed Richard Kyle, SEG 

Joint Technical Program Coordinator 

(JTPC) for the GSA Annual Meeting, 

October 5–9, 2008. He took an active 

role in the planning of the technical 

program. SEG did not have an 

exhibit booth at this meeting. 

• The SEG was an exhibitor at the XVII 

Argentinian Geological Congress in 

Jujuy, Argentina, October 7–10, 2008. 

The booth was coordinated and 

manned by Regional VP for Latin 

America, Isidoro B.A. Schalamuk. 

• The SEG participated in the 9th 

National Conference on Mineral 

Resources of China, China University 

of Geosciences, Beijing, China, 

November 7–10, 2008. SEG presented 

a one-day special session focused on 

the latest concepts in important ore 

deposit models which included presentations 

on porphyry, skarn, epithermal, 

jade, orogenic gold, intrusion-related 

gold, magmatic Ni-Cu, 

chromitite, VMS. SEDEX, MVT, and 

IOCG deposits. Over 200 professionals 

and students attended the SEG 

session organized by Richard Goldfarb 

(SEG Past President), Xuanxue Mo 

(Reg. VP Asia), and Noel White (2008 

Thayer Lindsley Lecturer). 

• SEG was an exhibitor at China Mining 

2008, held at the Convention Center 

in Beijing, China, November 11–13, 

2008. Six new members and 41 students 

signed up at the booth. 

• SEG was a major sponsor of the 

PACRIM Geocongress 2008 (AUSIMM), 

held in Queensland, Australia, at the 

Conrad Jupiters Gold Coast Hotel, 

November 24–27, 2008. SEG held a 

pre-meeting, two-day workshop on 

SEDEX Deposits, November 22–23 

presented by David Leach and Peter 

McGoldrick. The SEG exhibit booth 

was successfully manned by Anthony 

Harris, new SEG Vice President for 

Student Affairs. 

• The SEG exhibited at the Northwest 

Mining Association’s annual meeting 

in Reno/Sparks, Nevada, December 

1–5, 2008. Dick Nielsen handled the 

SEG booth, bringing in new memberships 

and publication sales. 

• The SEG was one of twelve sponsors 

for the international field workshop 

on “Gold Metallogeny in India,” 

organized jointly by the Department 

of Geology, University of Delhi, and 

the National Geophysical Research 

Institute (NGRI) in Hyderabad, from 

December 3–13, 2008. The 40 participants 

represented 11 academic and 

research institutions, two government 

geological surveys, and six 

exploration companies from India 

and abroad. SEG speakers included 

Richard Goldfarb, Ross Large, Douglas 

Kirwin, Howard Poulsen, Mihir Deb, 

Biswajit Mishra, and Daniel Kontak. 

PUBLICATIONS 

Total sales revenue of $173,813 ($178,948 

in 2007) was made up largely of bookstore 

orders (84%) with the remainder 

(16%) coming from exhibit booth sales. 

Revenue is attributed to sales of 13 different 

Guidebooks (including 7 CDs), 15 

Reviews volumes (including 5 CDs), 12 

Special Publications (including 4 CDs), 

3 Monographs, 1 Compilation Series 

(CD), 20 Videos, 5 Conference Series volumes 

(including 2 CDs and 1 DVD), as 

well as Economic Geology back issues, the 

Dummett DVD, and the Tables for 

Opaque Minerals (CD). The most popular 

print publication remains the 100 th 

Anniversary Volume of Economic Geology, 

edited by Hedenquist, Thompson, Goldfarb, 

and Richards followed by the new 

Reviews in Economic Geology Volume 

15 on Banded Iron Formation-related 

High-Grade Iron Ore, edited by S. Hagemann, 

C. Rosière, J. Gutzmer, and N.J. 

Beukes, and Special Publication Number 

12 on Wealth Creation in the Minerals 

Industry, edited by Doggett and 

Parry. The most popular digital publication 

is the Hugo Dummett Memorial 

Economic Geology Archive 1905–2004. In 

the VHS/DVD series, David Cooke’s 

Video No. 17, 1) Breccias in Epithermal 

and Porphyry Deposits: The Birth and 

Death of Magmatic-Hydrothermal 

Systems, and 2) The Giant Sediment- 

Hosted Zn-Pb-Ag Deposits of Northern 

Australia, remains the most popular. 

The four scheduled issues of the SEG 

Newsletter and eight issues of Economic 

Geology were released through December. 

These included two journal issues carried 

over from 2007. The year was 

marked by a transition in journal editors 

from Mark Hannington to Larry 

Meinert. SEG continued to participate in 

the financial success of the non-profit 

journal aggregate, GeoScienceWorld, and 

members were able to access the full 

archive of Economic Geology for the first 

time in December. 

In July, SEG published Reviews in 

Economic Geology Volume 15 (details


above), the first new volume in this 

series in over seven years. The second 

CD in the SEG Compilations series, on 

Uranium, was completed in December 

and the next volumes in the Reviews 

and Special Publication series, on Remote 

Sensing and Supergene Processes, 

respectively, are expected to be released 

early next year. Three new videos were 

released: Doug Kirwin’s Video No. 18, 1) 

Unidirectional Solidification Textures, 

Miarolitic Cavities, and Orbicules, and 

2) Discovery History of the Giant Oyu 

Tolgoi Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits; 

Stephen Cox’s No. 19a–b (2 DVDs), 1) 

Paths to Failure: The Application of 

Failure Mode Diagrams in Pore Fluid 

Factor, and 2) The Dynamics of 

Coupling between Deformation and 

Fluid Flow in the Earth’s Crust; and 

Steve Enders’ No. 20, 1) Greenfield 

Exploration: The Newmont Story, and 2) 

R&D Opportunities across the Life Cycle 

of a Mine. The SEG-GSSA 2008 conference 

proceedings on CD were released 

by GSSA in July. A short Abstracts publication 

for the conference was also prepared 

by RCA, the meeting planner. 

EDUCATION 

The SEG Foundation awarded student 

research grants worth US$185,000 to 58 

applicants, while the SEG Canada Foundation 

awarded a total of C$36,950 to 

12 students. Student awardees were 

based in 14 countries. These student 

grants are designed to assist students 

with field and laboratory expenses 

involving the study of mineral deposits 

leading to advanced degrees at accredited 

universities. Other major funding 

included US$180,000 in Graduate 

Student Fellowships to 15 students, 

US$14,300 to support Student Field 

Trips, and US$18,600 to Student 

Chapters. The SEG Foundation provided 

further funding of US$15,000 to assist 

southern African students in attending 

the SEG-GSSA 2008 conference. 

AWARDS AND LECTURERSHIPS 

The SEG Awards Dinner took place on 

Monday, July 7, 2008 at the Misty Hills 

Country Hotel in Muldersdrift, South 

Africa, during the SEG-GSSA 2008 Conference. 

The following SEG Awards were 

presented: Ralph E. Marsden Award to 

Geoffrey G. Snow (SF 71), and Waldemar 

Lindgren Award to Sarah A. Gleeson (F 

99). The Silver Medal was scheduled to 

be presented at Misty Hills; however, 

Robert J. Bodnar (F 77), recipient, was 

unable to attend as planned. His citationist, 

John F. Mavrogenes (F 95) still 

gave his citation. Bodnar’s Silver Medal 

will now be presented at the next GSA 

Annual Meeting in Portland, Oregon, 

USA in October 2009. 

The Penrose Gold Medal was presented 

to Michael Solomon (SF 64) at 

the Australian Earth Sciences Convention 

in Perth, Western Australia on July 

23, 2008. All remaining awardees 

received a framed certificate. These were 

mailed to the following recipients: The 

Brian J. Skinner Award to Michael W. 

Ressel (F 01); SEG Distinguished Lecturer 

to Cornel E. J. de Ronde (F 93), SEG 

International Exchange Lecturer to 

William X. Chávez, Jr. (F 90), Thayer 

Lindsley Lecturer to Noel C. White (F 

93), and Regional Vice President 

Lecturer to Stuart F. Simmons (F 85). 

International Exchange Lecturer. 

William X. Chávez, Jr. (New Mexico 

School of Mines in, Socorro, New 

Mexico, USA) presented lectures in May 

2008, Irish Association of Economic 

Geologists, Kilkenny, Ireland (Dr. Sandy 

Archibald); May 2008, SEG Student 

Chapter at Martin Luther University, 

Halle, Germany (Dr. Gregor Borg); May 

2008, SEG Student Chapter at Freiberg 

University, Freiberg, Germany (Mr. 

Thomas Dietrich); May 2008, Southeast 

Europe Geoscience, Sofia, Bulgaria (Mr. 

John Menzies); August 2008, SEG 

Student Chapter at the Universidad 

Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile 

(Eduardo Campos S., SEG Student 

Chapter advisor); September 2008, 

University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, 

New Brunswick, Canada (Dr. David 

Lentz, SEG Student Chapter advisor); 

October 2008, University of Minnesota 

at Duluth (Mr. Tom K. Johnson); 

October 2008, University of Wisconsin 

Oshkosh (Dr. George Hudak); October 

2008, Queen’s University (Dr. Gema 

Olivo); October 2008, Laurentian 

University (Drs. Harold Gibson/Andy 

MacDonald); November 2008, SEG 

Student Chapter at the Universidad de 

Salta, Argentina (Dr. Peter Wormald, 

SEG Student Chapter advisor) and associated 

field trips; and November 2008, 

SEG Student Chapter at Universidad de 

Concepción, Chile (Robert King, SEG 

Student Chapter advisor). 

Thayer Lindsley Lecturer. Noel C. 

White (Independent consultant and a 

director for Toronto-based Asia Now 

Resources, Australia) presented lectures 

in March 2008, Geological Survey of 

Inner Mongolia Bureau for Geology and 

Exploration, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia; 

March 2008, Industry group in Kunming, 

Yunnan; April 2008, Zijin Mining 

Group and Zijin Mining College, Fuzhou 

University, Fujian, China; May 2008: 

Eighth International Gold Symposium, 

Lima, Peru; June 2008: SEG Student 

Chapter, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 

Australia; September 2008: Business 

group in Kunming, Yunnan; and September 

(planned), Zijin Mining College 

and Fuzhou University, Fujian (China). 

Regional Vice President Lecturer. Stuart 

F. Simmons (Consulting Geologist, 

Auckland, New Zealand) presented 

lectures in Otago University, Dunedin, 

New Zealand; Canterbury University, 

Christchurch, New Zealand; New Zealand 

Branch of the Australian Institute 

of Mining and Metallurgy, Wellington, 

New Zealand; November 2008, University 

of Western Australia, Perth, 

Australia; University of Tasmania, 

Hobart, Australia; Australian National 

University, Australia; and PACRIM 

Congress, Brisbane, Australia. 

Distinguished Lecturer. Cornel de 

Ronde (Principal Scientist in the Ocean 

Exploration Section at GNS Science, 

Lower Hutt, New Zealand) presented 

lectures at Sofia University, Bulgaria; 

ETH, Zurich, Switzerland; and GEO- 

MAR, Kiel, Germany (during an IGC 

field trip to Sala, Sweden) in the first 

half of 2008. Talks from October– 

December 2008 included a Special talk 

at the UMI meeting in Oxford, Mississippi, 

USA; University of Toronto, 

Toronto, Canada (combined universities 

of Ottawa, Carlton, and GSC, Ottawa, 

Canada); and a special SEG trip to 

Australia to include the University of 

NSW, Sydney, Australia; combined 

AGSO and ANU, Canberra, Australia; 

Monash University, Melbourne, 

Australia; University of Tasmania, 

Hobart, Australia, and combined Geol. 

Survey Australia and University 

Western Australia, Perth, Australia. 

Honorary Lecturers. M. Stephen Enders 

(Newmont Mining Corporation, Denver, 

Colorado, USA), Richard J. Goldfarb (US 

Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado, 

USA), William X. Chávez, Jr. (New 

Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 

Socorro, New Mexico), Michael 

C. de Wit (BRC Diamond Core, Irene, 

South Africa), Mark D. Hannington 

(University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, 

Canada), Andrew M. Killick (The 

Mineral Corporation, Emmarentia, 

Gauteng, South Africa), Chusi Li (Indiana 

University, Bloomington, Indiana, 

USA), and Yasushi Watanabe (Institute 

for Geo-Resources and Environment 

AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan) joined 

the list of SEG Honorary Lecturers. 1


PRESIDENTIAL PERSPECTIVE 

Deep Enough? 

In my first Presidential Perspective I tried 

to say something about the world’s financial 

situation and suggested that my 

comments would be rapidly outdated. 

Unfortunately, I was right on that score 

and predicting the depth of the financial 

crisis remains very difficult. In the mining 

business, the most obvious impact has 

been the precipitous drop in most commodity 

prices with all of the usual ramifications—lack 

of funding for Juniors, 

declining exploration budgets for the 

Majors, and the inevitable layoffs that 

follow. In the academic world, company 

funding for research will be less available, 

graduating students will struggle to 

find jobs, and enrollment may drop. 

These are ugly truths that are familiar to 

those who have been through a few 

cycles. It is much harder for those who 

are new to the industry or who want to 

pursue a career in mineral exploration. 

Times will be tough, but even the 

worst down cycles have benefits and 

opportunities. Fortunately, gold and a 

few other commodities are showing some 

resilience and as confidence grows companies 

focused on these commodities will 

move forward again. Regardless of commodity 

focus, those who have the wherewithal 

and nerves to be truly countercyclical 

may seek to acquire projects, 

operations, or even companies at much 

reduced prices. For academics, the task of 

finding good graduate students may 

become a lot easier, particularly because 

other sectors are suffering at least as 

much as we are. For example, MBA programs 

may be considerably less fashionable 

than in recent years! In government, 

it is possible that budgets will increase as 

resource-based jurisdictions seek to support 

industry and spend on infrastructure. 

Similarly at SEG, while we must 

weather the immediate storm, we must 

also seek opportunities to strengthen the 

society and support the programs that 

benefit members for the long term. 

Enough said on global finance. My 

theme for this perspective is depth, not 

as it relates to recessions, but as a fundamental 

concept for geoscience that 

underpins much of our thinking in economic 

geology and exploration. 

A characteristic of many geoscientists 

is the relative ease with which they see 

the third dimension when viewing twodimensional 

data. This is a prerequisite 

for mapping and is especially important 

in structurally complex settings. For the 

exploration geologist, interpreting vast 

amounts of spatial data in 3-D is the 

basis for defining drill targets and interpreting 

drill results. The classical underground 

mine geologist has perhaps the 

most developed appreciation of the third 

dimension and the immediate impact of 

a correct interpretation. A wide range of 

software packages increase our ability to 

integrate, interrogate, and model multiple 

3-D datasets, but insightful interpretation 

typically reflects the firsthand 

knowledge, skill, and experience of 

those who spend most time on the rocks 

and with the data. This is particularly 

true as we attempt to explore at greater 

depths, whether beneath post- or premineral 

cover. Many people involved in 

exploration argue that exploring at 

greater depth will become increasingly 

important as near-surface discoveries 

become less common. While this is true 

in mature camps, discoveries will still be 

made from surface exposure and by 

interpreting unmineralized outcropping 

features. There is no question that we 

must improve our ability to explore 

effectively to greater depth but this must 

be matched by more effective methods 

to drill and evaluate deep deposits, and 

better technologies for economic, safe, 

and relatively benign deep bulk mining. 

Geometrical analysis is critical, but 

there is much more to depth for economic 

geology. The characteristics of 

many deposit types directly reflect their 

depth of formation. Paleodepth-related 

textures and mineralogy are both 

exploration guides and indications of 

the P-T depositional conditions. In some 

cases—for example, epithermal and 

porphyry systems—there are systematic 

vertical zoning relationships that can 

be used to define the position within a 

system, depth to possible targets, and to 

some extent, the scale and ultimate 

potential of a system. While these are 

perhaps the most studied examples, 

many other systems can be related to 

the paleosurface and subaerial or submarinel 

landforms (e.g., komatiitehosted 

nickel sulfides, VMS, hot spring 

systems) at one end of the spectrum, or 

to deep crustal structures and batholiths 

(e.g., orogenic gold veins, tin-tungsten 

skarns and veins) at the opposite end. 

Post-mineral modification at different 

paleodepths also creates markedly 

different overprints 

with important 

exploration 

and genetic consequences—from 

weathering (e.g., 

supergene processes 

– laterites, 

JOHN F. H. THOMPSON 

SEG President 

2009 

bauxites, exotic copper) to high P-T 

metamorphism and the reconstitution 

of massive sulfide deposits (e.g., Broken 

Hill). Due to the unusual mineralogy 

and chemistry of ore deposits, research 

on formation and modification at different 

depths improves our understanding 

of broader earth processes, as well 

as providing crucial assistance to the 

exploration geoscientist. 

Ongoing efforts are required to improve 

our understanding of the depthrelated 

controls on the formation and 

modification of deposits. Furthermore, we 

need to translate the understanding of 

processes into true 3-D models of deposits 

that allow the explorer to better recognize 

the distal and peripheral character 

of mineralized systems over a range of 

depth slices. SEG’s traditional roles involving 

publications, courses, research 

funding, and communication all serve 

to support this effort—particularly the 

transfer of new concepts to explorers. 

As we struggle through the current 

downturn, it is clear that the most insightful 

economic geologists will still be 

sought out, especially those who understand 

ore systems in 3-D and have the 

“depth” of understanding needed to 

make new discoveries. The world will still 

need new discoveries for the future, and 

for successful companies these discoveries 

must have the qualities that will sustain 

economic mining through many cycles to 

the benefit of all involved. During down 

cycles, the quality of work, projects, and 

people become increasingly important. 

While many need to focus on survival, 

it is critical that we also prepare for the 

upturn. People are the key and SEG is all 

about people. We must strive to maintain 

and enhance the quality of the products 

that aid and benefit all of our members 

and fellows, and hence help them to navigate 

the tough times and prepare them 

for the future. Following the depth theme, 

it is the strength and depth of our international 

membership and hard-working 

staff and volunteers that will make this a 

reality. 1


FOUNDATION PRESIDENTIAL PERSPECTIVE 

In Difficult Times, Look for Opportunity 

Recently, two articles from Business Week 

magazine were brought to my attention. 

The first article reported on the 

demise of equities, containing the statement, 

“The death of equities looks like 

an almost permanent condition…..” 

The second piece was titled “The Death 

of Mining,” and it focused on the decline 

of the base metals sector with emphasis 

on the copper industry. The doom and 

gloom nature of these articles may 

seem appropriate in the current circumstances 

of the minerals industry and the 

general equity markets. However, you 

may be surprised to learn that the first 

article was published on August 13, 

1979, and the second on December 17, 

1984. This serves to remind us that 

times have been tough—seemingly desperate—in 

the past and yet both the 

mining industry and the general equity 

markets have rebounded and thrived. 

While the current global recession is 

deep and may linger for a while, history 

strongly suggests that the world will resume 

the progress of increasing prosperity 

and living standards into the future. 

New innovations and technologies will 

underpin this progress and will require 

metals and materials, as they have in the 

past. At the same time, low-quality and 

marginally economic mineral deposits 

(which seems to characterize a significant 

number of undeveloped resources 

these days) will probably be even more 

difficult to finance than they have been 

in the past. This underscores the need 

for discovery of new, high-quality ore 

deposits. Most importantly, the knowledge 

and skills required to find valuable 

ore deposits in more challenging search 

space will be needed well into the future. 

The SEGF is committed to encouraging 

and developing a new generation of 

economic geologists to meet the research 

and discovery challenges that lie ahead. 

During 2008, a total of $526,000 was 

spent on SEGF programs and services that 

largely benefit students. These programs 

include research grants, fellowships, 

field trips, student chapter and membership 

support and visiting lectures. The 

impact of these student programs over 

time has been significant; for example, 

since 1996, 620 research grants totaling 

$1.25 million have been awarded. Contributions 

for 2008 totaled $323,000, 

which exceeded our budget estimate. 

The Foundation profoundly thanks all 

of you who have generously supported 

the SEGF mission and programs. 

Periods of severe economic and financial 

stress such as we are currently experiencing 

pose challenges to all Foundations 

and Endowments and SEGF is no exception. 

The annual SEGF programs and 

services are funded by a combination of 

contributions and income from investments. 

In addition, the ability of the 

Foundation to sustain its mission into 

the future requires that the asset base be 

invested for growth. The SEGF assets are 

invested, employing a diversified, relatively 

conservative growth style and they 

are managed by a highly professional 

firm with an excellent track record. 

Two months into 2009, we see that 

the Foundation assets have experienced 

declines, in keeping with the general 

market trends (although significantly 

less decline than many market indices). 

In addition, past experience shows that 

contributions and investment income 

could decline this year due to the economic 

downturn. However, general student 

support provided directly by industry 

and other sources has declined (in 

some cases precipitously) and student 

needs are increasing during this down 

cycle. Dick Nielsen, who manages the 

Student Research Grants Program, reports 

that 96 research grant proposals have 

been received this year. This is a 10% 

increase over 2008. 

The SEGF Trustees 

met in Toronto on 

February 28, 2009, 

in advance of the 

PDAC meeting. The 

key topic of discussion 

was the 2009 

funding level for 

SEGF programs in 

the context of current 

circumstances. 

I am pleased to 

BARTON SUCHOMEL 

SEG Foundation 

President 2009 

report that the Trustees approved overall 

2009 program funding of $400,000. 

While this represents a decline in available 

funds over 2008, it will still provide 

a very significant amount of needed 

support during a difficult year. The 

SEGF Trustees and the SEG Council continue 

to review student programs and to 

discuss ways of optimizing support for 

our next generation. We know that it 

will take our very best effort this year to 

achieve and, we hope, surpass our 

fund-raising goal. At the Toronto meeting 

the Trustees re-affirmed their commitment 

to our mission and will be 

working hard to build support this year. 

Savvy investors always seem to find 

great opportunities in difficult times 

and we, investors in our future generation, 

can do the same. I would like to 

challenge our membership, our profession, 

and our industry to look especially 

hard for the opportunities this year. 

Whether it may be a financial contribution 

(of any size) to support student programs, 

promoting new SEG memberships, 

or mentoring and encouraging 

students to stay in the game—there are 

abundant opportunities and we need to 

take advantage of them. We simply 

cannot afford to have another generation 

of economic geologists become discouraged 

during a difficult period. Once 

again, thanks for your support! 1 

◆ News Summaries 

◆ Deposit Statistics 

◆ Research Information 

100 Lemming Dr. • Reno, Nevada 89523 

phone: 775 345-2343 • fax 775 345-1317 

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PAID ADVERTISEMENT


Ireland, George R., USA 

Drobeck, Peter A., USA 

Lahusen, Larry, Canada 

Patton, Thomas C., USA 

Beck, Frederick M., USA 

Belkin, Harvey E., USA 

Cooper, Christopher, Scotland 

David-Alvarez, Jorge T., Peru 

Fournier, Robert O., USA 

Franks, Paul C., USA 

Goryachev, Nikolay A., Russia 

Hardy, David G., USA 

Innovest Portfolio Solutions, Llc., USA 

Juhas, Allan P., USA 

Nicholson, John A., Canada 

Nistratov, Alexander G., Canada 

Nunez, Oscar A., Argentina 

Pinsent, Robert H., Canada 

Pratt, Walden P., USA 

Pritting, John R., Chile 

Rusk, Brian G., Australia 

Schmidt, Paul G., USA 

Taylor, Anthony P., USA 

Titley, Spencer R., USA 

Williams, Neil, Australia 

Alvarez, Milton J., Colombia 

Arauz, Alejandro J., Costa Rica 

Arauzo, Luis A., Peru 

Asare, Anthony Akwasi, Ghana 

Beale, Timothy J., Canada 

Belther, Jones, Brazil 

Bersch, Michael G., USA 

Bookstrom, Arthur A., USA 

Bowell, Robert J., Great Britain 

Bradley, Mark A., USA 

Bryndzia, L. Taras, USA 

Chirinos Bueno, Fausto J., Peru 

Clark, Kenneth F., USA 

Collins, William D., USA 

Cook, Sterling S., USA 

Currie, John K., Chile 

De Carvalho, Delfim, Portugal 

Fontboté, Lluis, Switzerland 

Foster, Robert P., Great Britain 

French, Andrew G., Canada 

Gareau, Michael B., Canada 

Gendall, Ian R., Canada 

Hamilton, Douglas H., USA 

Hammarstrom, Jane M., USA 

Hanneman, Harold P., USA 

Ilchik, Robert P., Australia 

Joslin, Gregory D., Sweden 

Koski, Randolph A., USA 

Kundert, Charles J., USA 

Laidlaw, Robert O., USA 

Larson, John E., Chile 

Logan, Maria Amelia, USA 

Lorge, David L., USA 

Lowenstern, Jacob B., USA 

Mahdavi, Farzad, 

Islamic Republic of Iran 

Mcewan, Craig J., Chile 

Metzenheim, Brian E., USA 

Contributions 12/1/08–2/28/09 

Thank you for your generous contributions to the Society and the SEG Foundation. 

SEG 

Miggins, Daniel P., USA 

Corriveau, Louise, Canada 

McKinstry Fund 

Nakamura, Kiyoshi, Japan 


Peck, David C., Canada 

Gize, Andrew P., Great Britain 

Poole, Forrest G., USA 


Potucek, Tony L., USA 

Myers, Russell E., USA 

Wiese, Robert G., USA 

Queen, Lawrence D., Australia 

Texidor-Carlsson, Jose, Canada 

Radu, Almasan V., Chile 

Ramalingaswamy, Vulimiri M., Canada 

Hugo Dummett Fund Lipske, Joanna L., USA 

Ruppel, Edward T., USA 

Schassberger, Herman T., USA 

Schassberger, Herman T., USA 

Shannon, James R., USA 

Simmons, Stuart F., New Zealand 

Fitzgerald, Michael J., USA 

Suarez Llerena, Jaime C., Peru 

Glass, Frank S., Canada 

Sugaki, Asahiko, Japan 

Morgan, Catherine E., USA 

Udubasa, Sorin S., Romania 

Perkin, Donald J., Australia 

Harvey, Bruce A., USA 

Vennemann, Torsten W., Switzerland 

Schatz, Oliver J., Canada 

Villa-Iglesias, Luis, Spain 

Wilkinson, Jamie J., Australia 

Vittone, Hector, Argentina 

Woodcock, John R., Canada 

Drobeck, Peter A., USA 

The Timothy Nutt 

YouDong, Kim, Republic of Korea 

Okita, Patrick M., USA 

Memorial Fund 

SEG Foundation 

General Fund 

Guilbert, John M., USA 

Hammer, Donald F., USA 

Innovest Portfolio Solutions, Llc., USA 

Kesler, Stephen E. , USA 

Kyle, J. Richard, USA 

Pritting, John R., Chile 

Shaw, Allen V., USA 

Struhsacker, Eric M., USA 

Barton, Paul B., USA 

Beale, Timothy J., Canada 

Berger, Byron R., USA 

Blair, Robert G., USA 

Bookstrom, Arthur A., USA 

Brown, Severn P., USA 

Cloke, Paul L., USA 

Erickson, A. J., USA 

Heinrichs, Walter E., USA 

Laidlaw, Robert O., USA 

Lorge, David L., USA 

Smith, Shea C., USA 

Van Oss, Hendrik G., USA 

Van Treeck, Christopher J., USA 

Wolfe, Rohan, Australia 

Student Grants 

Newmont Corporation, USA 

Student Fellowship 

Fund 

Newmont Corporation, USA 

Seavoy, Ronald E., USA 

Thorman, Charles H., USA 

Adiya, Borohul, Australia 

Albinson, Tawn D., Mexico 

Barron, Lawrence M., Australia 

Cocker, Mark D., USA 

Guilbert, John M., USA 

Hite, Robert J., USA 

Mathewson, David C., USA 

Nistratov, Alexander G., Canada 

Thomas, Rodney N., Canada 

Boyes, Matthew G., Great Britain 

Chapple, Kenneth G., Australia 

Corrans, Roy D., South Africa 

Gaughan, Chris J., Australia 

Gosse, Richard R., Canada 

James, Laurence P., USA 

Kivi, Kevin, Canada 


Lemieux, Eric B., Canada 

Lockhart, A. Wayne, Canada 

Mango, Helen N., USA 

Marmont, Christopher, Canada 

Maynard, James B., USA 

Mcdougall, James J., Canada 

Muhling, Peter C., Australia 

Parker, Harry M., USA 

Pattison, Ann D., USA 

Price, Barry J., Canada 

Rojas, Ana, Chile 

Sharp, Robert J., Canada 

Steed, Geoffrey M., Great Britain 

Viljoen, Richard P., South Africa 

Wilde, Andy R., Australia 


Hickok-Radford Fund 

Anderson, Philip W., Peru 

Loskutoff, William, USA 

Morris, Alan J., USA 

Cox, Bruce C., USA 

Crowe, Douglas E., USA 

Eng, Tony L., USA 


Price, Jason B., USA 

Szumigala, David J., USA 

Blackburn, Geoffrey V., Australia 

Emerson, Mark, USA 


Graham, Nick J. G., Zimbabwe 

Jones, Paul C., USA 

Moody, Ian W., Australia 

Pohl, Demetrius C., USA 

Bloom, Lynda, Canada 


Corrans, Roy D., South Africa 

Davies, Chris, Great Britain 

Hall, David J., Ireland 

Karpeta, Wladyslaw P., South Africa 

Miller, Graham C., Australia 

Moore, John M., South Africa 

Thamm, Albert G., Australia 

Viljoen, Richard P., South Africa 

The Alberto 

Terrones L. Fund 


Griffith, David J., USA 

Bendezu, Ronner, Peru 


Martinez Muller, Remigio, Mexico 

Redfern, Richard R., USA 

Tristram, Esme J., Chile 

Valdivia, Jose T., Peru 

Student Field Trip Fund 

Putnam, Borden R., USA 

Seavoy, Ronald E., USA 

Lipske, Joanna L., USA 

Thorman, Charles H., USA


Contributions 

(continued) 

Bennell, Michael R., Brazil 


Corriveau, Louise, Canada 

Freemantle, Guy G., South Africa 

Giudici, Jorge E., Argentina 

Herbort, Thomas C., Switzerland 


Myers, Russell E., USA 

Roy, Samuel G., USA 

Shannon, James R., USA 

Sidder, Gary B., USA 

Struck, Wilf J., USA 

Sutcliffe, John, Ecuador 

The Discovery Fund 


Evans, Michael J., South Africa 

Idziszek, Chet, Canada 

Diaz, Nelson S., Chile 

Giudici, Jorge E., Argentina 

Perkin, Donald J., Australia 


Canada Foundation 

Blann, David E., Canada 

Galley, Alan G., Canada 

Gauthier, Michel, Canada 

George, Peter T., Canada 

Jobin-Bevans, Scott L., Canada 

Nicholson, John A., Canada 

Pearson, William N., Canada 

Reeve, Edward J., Canada 

Sauve, Pierre, Canada 

Shearer, Johan T., Canada 

Stockford, Howard R., Canada 

Arauzo, Luis A., Peru 

Brisbin, Daniel I., Canada 

Debicki, Edward J., Canada 

Dick, Lawrence A., Canada 

Eade, Kenneth E., Canada 

Gonzalez, Ralph A., USA 

Leech, Geoffrey B., Canada 

Lemieux, Eric B., Canada 

Lockhart, A. Wayne, Canada 

Mackean, Boyd E., Canada 

Marsden, Henry W., Canada 

Mcdougall, James J., Canada 

Mersereau, Terry G., Canada 

Mudry, M Phillip, Canada 

Mumin, A. Hamid, Canada 

Quang, Chan X., Canada 

Rees, Matthew I., Canada 

Riley, George C., Canada 

Rojas, Ana, Chile 

Sanchez Nannig, Geovanni C., Chile 

Scott, Steven, D., Canada 

Texidor-Carlsson, Jose, Canada 

FROM THE TREASURER 

Year-End Summary 

Given the dramatic decline in the markets 

during 2008, the Society and the 

Foundation finished the year in betterthan-expected 

financial condition. 

Revenues for the Society exceeded the 

budget by about 2%, and the Foundation 

enjoyed greater than budgeted 

contributions. Operating expenses for 

the Society and the Foundation were 

only modestly over budget by 1.25% 

and 8%, respectively. The combined 

investment portfolio suffered a negative 

return of approximately 30%, 

with the total portfolio declining 

nearly $4 million. On the positive side, 

the increased revenue for the Society 

once again resulted from better-thananticipated 

publication sales and 

event income, reflecting a strong interest 

in the Society’s core products and 

services (see the Summary of Activities 

for 2008 on page 4). 

The Foundation received contributions 

of $323,338, exceeding the budget 

by 61%. This generosity of individuals 

and companies has allowed 

substantial increases in support for 

students, such as grants and field trips, 

furthering the Foundation’s efforts to 

enhance student interest in the profession. 

Overall, the Foundation spent a 

total of $526,425 in programs and 

services, most of this going toward students 

and student chapter support. 

Total financial assets (portfolio plus 

cash) at year-end 2008 for the combined 

Society and Foundation totaled 

$8,800,134. At this time, the portfolio 

has been rebalanced to minimize 

losses in 2009. The portfolio continues 

to be managed 

under the direction 

of the SEG 

Investment 

Committee with 

the guidance of 

Innovest Portfolio 

Solutions LLC, a 

Colorado investment 

advisory 

HAROLD J. NOYES 

SEG Treasurer 

firm. Quarterly meetings of the Investment 

Committee and Innovest provide 

the opportunity to rebalance the 

investments, largely domestic and 

international bond and equity funds, 

for optimum growth and security to 

meet Society and Foundation objectives. 

The Society and Foundation enter 

2009 with a hopeful outlook of a 

return to a stronger financial position, 

and a broad array of programs, publications, 

and other benefits to support 

members and students around the 

world in the field of economic geology. 

Noteworthy for 2008 are the activities 

of the SEG Canada Foundation 

(SEGCF), a Canadian not-for-profit, 

closely aligned with SEG, pursuing in 

Canada a mission somewhat similar 

to SEGF. SEGCF ended 2008 with assets 

of $192,326, largely derived from contributions 

and sales of the Dummett 

DVD. A major goal of SEGCF is providing 

educational support to students, 

awarding $36,950 in student grants in 

2008. Together, the Society, SEGF, and 

SEGCF continue the important mission 

of supporting promising students in 

economic geology. 1 

Year End 2008 SEG, Inc. SEG Foundation, Inc. Total 

Revenues/ 

contributions, total $1,144,261 $ 323,338 $1,467,599 

Expenses, total $1,565,634 $ 624,268 $2,189,902 

Portfolio Value $4,837,014 $3,617,295 $8,454,309


EDITOR’S CORNER 

What’s New in Economic Geology 

The transition to a new Economic 

Geology editor started in July 2008, and 

from July to December, 2008, Mark 

Hannington handled only revisions to 

existing manuscript submittals and I 

handled all new submissions. As of Dec. 

31, 2008, I am now handling all aspects 

of the editorial process up to the point 

where revised and accepted papers are 

sent to Alice Bouley at SEG headquarters 

in Littleton for production work 

such as copyediting and layout. 

The editorial process has been 

greatly speeded up. We are on track to 

having the journal “caught up” (i.e., 

published on the cover date) by the end 

of 2009. This will be the first time that 

has been the case in at least 30 years. It 

takes time to set a new pattern, but the 

message that we are trying to send is 

very clear: manuscripts will be reviewed 

promptly and fairly on their scientific 

merits. Well-written papers will be published 

quickly. Economic Geology has 

been and will continue to be the journal 

of choice for the best science in the field 

of economic geology. 

Papers in issues 1 and 2 of 2009 

are as follows: 

• Volcanic framework of the Pliocene 

El Dorado low-sulfidation epithermal 

gold district, El Salvador 

• Mineral deposits of Turkey in relation 

to Tethyan metallogeny—implications 

for future mineral exploration 

• Mineralogy, fluid inclusion, and stable 

isotope constraints on the genesis 

of the Roudný Au-Ag deposit, 

Bohemian Massif 

• Sediment-hosted gold deposits in 

Guizhou, China: Products of wallrock 

sulfidation by deep crustal fluids 

• Carbon dioxide fixation within mine 

tailings at the Clinton Creek and 

Cassiar chrysotile deposits, Canada 

• The trace metal content of amphibole 

as a proximity indicator for Cu-Ni-PGE 

mineralization in the footwall of the 

Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, 

Canada 

• Jurassic U-Pb and Re-Os Ages for the 

newly discovered Xietongmen Cu-Au 

porphyry district, Tibet, PRC: Implications 

for metallogenic epochs in the 

southern Gangdese 

belt 

• Iron skarns of the 

Vegas Peladas 

district, Mendoza, 

Argentina 

• Geochemistry of 

the Permian 

Kalatongke mafic 

LARRY MEINERT 

Editor 

Economic Geology 

intrusions, Northern Xinjiang, NW 

China: Implications for the genesis of 

magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits 

• Cumulate origin and polybaric crystallization 

of Fe-Ti oxide ores in the 

Suwalki anorthosite, NE Poland 

• Stable isotope constraints on ore formation 

at the San Rafael tin-copper 

deposit, SE Peru 

• Mineralogy and paragenesis of the 

Co-Ni arsenide ores of Bou Azzer, 

Anti-Atlas, Morocco 

• The nonsulfide zinc deposit at Accha, 

southern Peru: Geological and mineralogical 

characterization 

• A new genetic model for the giant 

Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits associated 

with the Siberian flood basalts 1 

June 10 to 12, 2009. Antofagasta, Chile 

www.geomin2009.com 

SEG 2-DAY SHORT COURSE 

ON GEOMETALLURGY 

“Geometallurgy: Introduction and 

Applications to Exploration and Production” 

9–10 June 2009, Antofagasta, Chile. 

Course Instructors: 

• Karin O. Hoal 

Director of the Advanced Mineralogy Research Center 

Colorado School of Mines 

• Jean Richardson 

Global Marketing Director 

SGS Minerals Services 

• Guillermo Turner-Saad 

Global Vice President Metallurgy and Mineralogy 

SGS Minerals Services 

Department of Geology 

Lecturer in Applied and 

Environmental Geology 

Grade 8: £35,469 - £43,622 pa 

Ref: A4088 

We seek to appoint an outstanding research active scientist to a Lectureship 

in Applied and Environmental Geology. Applicants must have a strong 

research record and a commitment to high quality teaching. The post offers 

the opportunity to join a research-led Geology Department which is a leader 

in the field in terms of student satisfaction and has strong links to industry. 

Applications are particularly welcomed from candidates who can demonstrate 

the potential to link with existing applied and environmental research in the 

department and develop new research activities. The successful candidate will 

teach applied and environmental modules on both campus-based and 

distance learning courses. 

To apply, download an application form and further information from 

www.le.ac.uk/personnel/jobs or contact Personnel Services on 

recruitment3@le.ac.uk or (0116) 252 2758. 

Closing date: 30 April 2009. 

TO REGISTER, PLEASE CONTACT 

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Promoting equality of opportunity throughout the University 

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... from 1 

Mineral Potential of the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Geologic Scandal? (Continued) 

(Miba). Despite controlling rich mineral 

deposits, these state companies became 

unprofitable over time primarily due to 

a lack of strategic vision, poor management, 

and disinvestment in operations. 

There followed, through war and disinvestment, 

a further destruction of general 

transport, energy, and telecommunications 

infrastructure, aggravating 

the situation. 

During his first two years as President 

(1997-1998) Laurent Désiré Kabila generated 

rapid income by granting mining 

concessions, sometimes without due 

regard to lengthy prior negotiations or 

commitments with major companies. 

Mismanagement of the country’s natural 

resources continued as the government 

exercised virtually no control over 

public enterprises such as Gécamines. 

At present, the DRC mining industry is 

still profoundly dependent on the various 

state-owned mining organizations. 

In 2002, the Congolese National 

Assembly (parliament) promulgated a 

new, more transparent mining code 

(prepared with the assistance of the 

World Bank) that was attractive to private 

mining investment. Access to large, 

unexplored tracts of highly prospective 

ground—previously held in exclusivity 

by the various state companies such as 

Gecamines and Miba—and the possibility 

of developing known resources in 

partnership with those state companies 

caused a surge of interest and a substantial 

influx of investment by private 

companies in the DRC mining sector. 

Known deposits that previously had 

been set aside were further explored, 

resulting in the ramping up of resources 

and their identification as large deposits: 

Kinsevere and Dikulushi by Anvil Mining, 

Kipoi by Tiger Resources, and others. 

In 2006, copper and cobalt production 

reached 260,000 tonnes and 23,000 

tonnes, respectively. 

During the past year, the DRC government’s 

decision to review contracts 

between state companies and private 

mining companies and the resulting 

uncertainty as to security of title resulted 

in the suspension of large amounts of 

investment funding at a time when 

commodity prices were at their highest. 

Subsequently, the dramatic drop in the 

price of these resources coupled with the 

fear of worldwide recession have resulted 

in a dramatic reduction in mine 

development and the delay in achieving 

planned levels of production. 

The impact of the world economic 

crisis on planned mining investment 

remains to be seen and it is not known 

to what extent it will affect plans such 

as BHP-Billiton’s projected new aluminium 

plant near Matad, which was 

to use the cheap energy produced by the 

Inga hydroelectric project, or the completion 

of the Katanga mining project 

at KOV. The “infrastructure for resources” 

contract signed in 2008 with the Chinese 

consortium may well eventually result 

in renewed investment in the mining 

sector and benefit the country’s infrastructural 

deficiencies; however, the minimum 

economic feasibility criteria cannot 

be met at current prices and this may 

be delayed until there is an improvement 

in demand from China. 

GEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK 

OF CONGO 

A large part of Central Congo is covered 

by Phanerozoic sediments of the Congo 

Basin (Fig. 1). Although poorly explored, 

this vast region may eventually become 

a source of industrial minerals such as 

phosphates and clays as well as hydrocarbons. 

Known mineral resources are 

found in the older, generally Precambrian 

age rocks exposed around the 

edges of the Congo Basin. 

The Proterozoic Crystal Mountains 

(affected by the Pan-African orogeny) in 

the Bas Congo province contain a number 

of relatively small polymetallic 

deposits of zinc, lead, copper, and gold. 

To the north and northeast, the Archean 

shield hosts gold deposits and several 

large, unexploited iron deposits in the 

Kilo and Moto areas (Deblond and 

Tack, 2005). The area is also a source of 

alluvial diamonds. To the east, the 

Kibara belts (1,800 km long) host very 

significant gold deposits in Kivu and 

Maniema as well as pegmatites containing 

cassiterite, wolframite, and 

colombite-tantalite (“coltan”). In the 

south, the Archean-Proterozoic rocks of 

south Kasaï and Katanga are intruded 

by numerous Mesozoic diamondiferous 

kimberlite intrusions. There are also 

coalfields in eastern Katanga and manganese 

ores to the west. 

The major mineral district in Congo, 

however, is the Proterozoic Katanga 

Copperbelt (Fig. 2) that is estimated to 

contain more than 140 million tons 

(Mt) of copper and 6 Mt of cobalt. 

Almost all of the copper, cobalt, uranium, 

zinc, lead, cadmium, and germanium 

production of the DRC has come 

from this “Lufilian Arc,” which stretches 

for 500 km from Bwana Mkubwa in 

Zambia to beyond Kolwezi in the DRC 

(Fig. 2). 

The Lufilian Arc (Cailteux et al., 

2005) is located to the east of the Congo 

shield. The Upper Proterozoic Katangan 

sediments (1300 to 600 Ma) were 

deposited within a large 

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intracratonic basin and 14 ... 


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... from 13 


Katanga-Zambia Copperbelt 

Copper-cobalt deposit 

Railway 

subsequently affected by the Lufilian 

orogeny (~725 Ma). The basin contains 

numerous world-class sediment-hosted 

stratiform copper deposits (Hitzman et 

al., 2005; Selley et al., 2005). The sediments 

(Mines Group) are rich in organic 

materials and evaporite minerals, suggesting 

a shallow-water environment. 

The sediments hosting the deposits 

overlay partially oxidized, coarsegrained 

sediments and are themselves 

overlain by thick, impure carbonate 

sequences. The Mines Group rocks have 

been affected by tectonic resulting disruption 

of the stratiform deposits (see 

Fig. 3). 

Over 236 copper-bearing occurrences 

have been reported from the Copperbelt. 

There are also high concentrations of 

zinc and uranium within the Mines 

Group related to hydrothermal veins. 

All of these metals have been found in 

economic quantities and have been 

extracted in the past. Despite the known 

presence of sulfides within the region, 

today only small amounts of copper are 

produced from sulfides in the DRC, 

unlike the Zambian Copperbelt, where 

most of the mining is in sulfide ores. 

ZAMBIA 

FIGURE 2. Major Cu-Co deposits within the Katanga Copperbelt (Bugeco unpublished file). 

COPPER-COBALT, ZINC, 

GERMANIUM, AND 

URANIUM IN KATANGA 

Industrial copper production in 

Katanga started in 1911 at l’Etoile 

(Ruashi), a very rich copper oxide 

deposit located a few kilometers from 

Lubumbashi. Other Union Minièreoperated 

mines followed in the 

Lubumbashi (Elizabethville), Likasi 

(Jadotville), and Kolwezi areas (Fig. 2). 

From the beginning of copper 

exploitation in the Katanga 

province in 1911 until 1967, 

under Union Minière, and then 

through to 2003 under the direction 

of Gécamines, approximately 

18 Mt of copper metal have been 

produced. From 1924 to 2003, 

approximately 500,000 t of cobalt 

was produced as a by-product. 

Zinc production from 1936 until 

2003 was about 3.6 Mt of metal, 

while approximately 280,000 kg 

of germanium was produced from 

1954 to 2003. 

Despite a long period of 

exploitation, significant mineral 

resources remain in Katanga. 

Goossens (2007) has estimated 

that 2 (Gt) of ore grading 3.5% 

Cu, 1.5 (Gt) of ore grading 0.34% 

Co, 35 Mt of ore grading 18% Zn, 

and 100,000 t of germanium 

remain in current inventories. 

The premier district in Katanga 

has been Kolwezi (Fig. 2) where a 

concentration of large Cu-Co 

deposits exists: Kamoto (total 

resources: 66 Mt at 4.4% Cu and 

0.46% Co), KOV (for 3 deposits, 

Kamoto East, Oliveira, and 

Virgule; total resources: 120 Mt at 

4.6% Cu and 0.3% Co), Musonoi 

(30Mt at 4% Cu and 0.5% Co). A consortium 

of several mining companies 

(including Chinese) in association with 

Gécamines is developing these deposits. 

Intense folding and faulting affected 

many of these deposits (Fig. 3). 

The Tenke Fungurume Cu-Co deposit 

(Fig. 2) is one of the largest undeveloped 

orebodies in the world. The resources 

are estimated at 229 Mt grading 4.42% 

Cu and 0.31% Co. The deposit is now 

FIGURE 3. Example of intense folding and faulting across the KOV deposits, Kolwezi, 

Katanga (Bugeco unpublished file).


being developed by a consortium 

headed by Freeport McMoRan and 

soon will start production. 

Many other companies (some in 

joint venture with Gécamines) are 

exploring and developing old and new 

orebodies throughout the Katangan 

portion of the Lufilian Arc. Much of this 

activity is centered in the area from 

Lubumbashi to Kolwezi (Fig.2). 

The Dikulushi Cu-Ag deposit (Fig. 1) 

is located in the Lufilian foreland outside 

of the main Lufilian Arc (Dewaele 

et al, 2006). The mine, operated by 

Anvil Mining, produces one of the richest 

copper concentrates in the world, 

with 53% Cu and 1,488 g/t Ag from an 

ore grading 8.5% Cu and 266 g/t Ag. 

The Kipushi mine, discovered in 

1899, is one of the oldest mines in 

Katanga. The mine is located on the 

border with Zambia and is 30 km from 

Lubumbashi. It is believed that the 

open pit was worked around 1925 but 

first production records date from 1927, 

probably when the mine went underground. 

Head grades of 15% Cu were 

common in the early years but as the 

mine has gone deeper, copper grades 

have fallen to below 2%. Zinc grades 

have improved with depth but as the 

mine was considered a copper mine and 

zinc an impurity, higher grades of zinc 

were left in situ. The mine was placed 

on care-and-maintenance in 1993. 

The remaining resources are estimated 

at 26 Mt with 2.18% Cu and 19% Zn. 

Geologically, Kipushi is a discordant 

deposit related to a fault. The massive 

ore is hosted in dolomites and dolomitic 

shales. The near-vertical ore pipe has 

been explored to a depth of 1,800 m 

below surface and is still open at depth. 

The Kipushi orebody is similar to 

Tsumeb (Namibia) and Broken Hill or 

Kabwe (Zambia). 

The Shinkolobwe ore deposit was 

first mined for its radium content. 

Prior to World War II, uranium ore was 

stockpiled. These uranium ores were 

subsequently sold to the United States 

during the war and used for the construction 

of the first atomic bomb. 

Total historic output is estimated at 

20 Mt of ore grading 0.17% U 3 O 8 . The 

mine was officially closed in the early 

1960s after it flooded. The property is 

now reserved as of strategic interest 

by the state and is managed by 

Gécamines while activities are suspended. 

It is estimated that approximately 

1,000 to 3,000 t of uraninite 

are still recoverable. 

DIAMONDS IN KASAÏ 

The first diamond was discovered in the 

Kasaï Occidental in 1907, at the 

Tshiminina River, although the crystal 

was only identified as a diamond in 

1909. The first diamonds were found in 

the Kasaï Oriental in 1918 at Lukelenge, 

along the Mbujimayi River. The first 

kimberlite was discovered in the Kasaï 

region in 1946 although kimberlite had 

been identified in Katanga by 1908. The 

Kasaï kimberlite discovery was followed 

by the discovery of five other kimberlites 

south of Mbujimayi. In fact, the mining 

town of Mbujimayi was built on top of 

a cluster of kimberlitic pipes and related 

diamond-bearing gravels. 

Soon after the first discovery of diamonds, 

the Belgian company la Société 

Internationale Forestière et Minière du 

Congo (Forminière) started alluvial 

mining in the Tshikapa area and continued 

diamond mining in the region 

until 1960. Forminière was replaced by 

Minière de Bakwanga (MIBA 80% DRC 

government controlled, 20% by Union 

Minière through another subsidiary, 

Sibeka). Recently, Umicore sold its shares 

in MIBA to Mwana Africa, a company 

quoted on AIM in the United Kingdom. 

Besides alluvial mining, MIBA exploits 

diamonds from a kimberlitic pipe near 

Mbuji-Mayi. 

The only company to have since discovered 

hitherto unknown kimberlites 

with micro-diamonds is Bugeco, a Belgian 

company that had until December 

2008 a joint venture agreement with De 

Beers, who carried out the exploration 

work. 

Between 1912 and 1969, the Kasaï 

region produced approximately 400 

million carats. Since the early 1960s, all 

the production has been sold through 

Britmond, a De Beers subsidiary, now 

defunct. In 1982, the diamond trade was 

liberalized and artisanal production 

was sold to official comptoirs (diamondbuying 

offices). This resulted in a substantial 

increase of smuggling of diamonds 

out of Kasaï and an informal 

economy flourished. In 1999, the Ministry 

of Mines cancelled all diamondpurchasing 

permits, banned all foreigners 

from mining areas and attempted to 

move the diamond trade to Kinshasa 

for tighter control. As a result, diamond 

purchases more than halved. 

GOLD IN NE CONGO, 

KIVU, AND MANIEMA 

According to the Service Géologique du 

Zaïre (1974) the total amount of gold 

produced in DRC from 1905 to 1972 

amounted to 470 t. From 1986 to 2004, 

the country had produced about 150 t 

of gold (Gold Field Mineral Service). 

Alluvial gold deposits were discovered 

in northeast Congo in 1895. A 

Belgian company, Société des Mines 

d’Or De Kilo-Moto, began significant 

exploitation in 1926. In 1964, the mining 

activities were taken over by the 

Office des Mines d’Or de Kilo-Moto 

(OKIMO), a state mining enterprise. 

Other gold deposits in the same region 

were exploited by Forminière until independence 

in 1960. Through 1979, it is 

estimated that 330 t of gold were produced, 

half from alluvial deposits. 

Ninety percent of the gold came from 

the Kilo and Moto districts (a yearly 

average production of 5.6 t of gold). 

The two main gold districts in NE 

Congo, Kilo and Moto, contain rich 

mines with gold grades from 5 up to 15 

g/t. Examples are the Adidi mine, 

which has produced 163,643 t of ore at 

9.3 g/t Au (cutoff grade 6 g/t), the 

Gorumbwa mine, which have produced 

50,054 t of ore at 15 g/t Au, and the 

Kanga mine, which has produced 

2,558,400 t of ore at 24 g/t Au. Other 

known occurrences display extremely 

high gold grade—for example, 

Mongeri, with 24 g/t Au; Mont Tsi, 

ranging from 5.7 to 13 g/t Au; Senzere, 

with 20 g/t Au; Galaya, ranging from 

60 to 100 g/t Au; and Dila, with 64 g/t 

Au. 

Five main types of primary gold 

deposits have been recognized in the 

Kilo district. These are (1) quartz veins 

(Senzere mine), (2) quartz lenses, veins, 

and stockwork associated with NStrending 

shear zones, (3) quartz veins 

in albitites far from granitoid rocks, 

(4) disseminated gold in fine-grained 

albitite, and (5) disseminated gold in 

schists and enclosing itabirites. Gold 

production in the Kilo and Moto districts 

reached 8 t for the year 1940. 

Production declined during World War 

II but increased after the war and 

reached 8 t during 1955. Since that 

time, production has decreased down 

to less than 1 to 3 tpy in the 1980s. 

Today, Anglogold Ashanti and Moto 

Gold are developing these deposits in 

partnership with OKIMO 

and have substantially 

to page 

increased known 

16 ...


... from 15 


reserves; production is expected to begin 

again soon. 

The Twangiza-Namoya (Fig. 2) gold 

belt in South Kivu and in the north of 

the Maniéma provinces (Fig. 1) has produced 

approximately 75 t of gold from 

both alluvial and hard-rock sources 

from the colonial period to circa 1985. 

Alluvial gold was discovered at 

Namoya and Kamituga in 1930. 

The major deposits in the region 

were Namoya (located to the south in 

the Maniema province), Lugushwa and 

Kamituga (both located to the centre, in 

the Kivu province). The Namoya alluvial 

gold deposits were discovered in 

1930 and mined between 1931 and 

1947. Primary gold was also discovered 

at Namoya and underground mining 

commenced in 1947. Mining ceased in 

1961. Total historical production has 

been estimated at almost 9 t of gold. 

The Kamituga deposit is situated 100 

km SW of Bukavu. Gold was first 

reported in the region during the early 

1920s with the discovery of alluvial 

gold. Commercial alluvial mining commenced 

in 1924 and by 1937 hard-rock 

mining had commenced. At the closure 

of the Kamituga operations in 1996, 

approximately 46 t of gold had been 

produced from alluvial and hard-rock 

mining. The mine was flooded in 1997. 

Alluvial gold was first discovered at 

Lugushwa in the 1920s, although mining 

of this deposit does not appear to 

have begun until 1958. Between 1958 

and 1996, at least 14 t of gold were produced 

from alluvial sources with a further 

0.3 tonnes of gold being produced 

from primary sources. The gold deposits 

are hydrothermal vein type and of the 

stockwork type impregnating metamorphic 

schists (Namoya). The veins dissect 

metamorphic schists along major 

faults. 

In 1938, additional alluvial deposits 

were discovered at Twangiza with primary 

deposits located in the 1950s by 

Minières des Grands Lacs (MGL). MGL 

tested the deposit through 8,200 m of 

trenching and 12,100 m of adits on 

seven levels, collecting a total of 17,400 

samples. In 1976, Charter Consolidated 

of London started an exhaustive assessment 

of the Twangiza gold deposit but, 

due to other commitments, they abandoned 

the project and the country. 

Société Minière du Kivu (SOMINKI — 

28.1% Congo government and 71.9% 

private shareholders dominated by the 

Empain-Schneider Group) restarted 

exploitation of the deposits at end of 

the 1980s. In 1996 Banro, a Canadian 

company, signed an agreement with 

SOMINKI and the DRC government to 

take over the operations. Unfortunately, 

Banro had to abandon the 

project due to political unrest but 

re-entered the project in 2003. The 

Twangiza deposit is hosted within 

mudstones, siltstones, and graywackes 

intruded by mafic and feldspathic porphyry 

sills along the crest of a major 

anticlinal structure. The feasibility is 

completed and production should start 

soon. The total gold resources (measured 

and indicated) have been estimated 

at 5,600,000 oz. 

CASSITERITE, TANTALITE 

AND COLUMBITE, AND 

WOLFRAMITE 

Tin ores containing tungsten and 

columbium-tantalum (“coltan”) occur 

in the Kivu and Katanga provinces of 

eastern Congo. The minerals occur both 

in alluvial deposits as well as in primary 

pegmatite rocks of Precambrian 

age. Mining started in 1919 at Manono 

(Katanga). The ore grades range from 

about 0.2 to 0.5 kg/m 3 of cassiterite in 

alluvial deposits to 1.0 to 1.5 kg/m 3 in 

primary pegmatites. Historically, for 

each ton of tin, an average of about 25 

kg of tungsten, 15 kg of columbium, 

and 5 kg of tantalum have been recovered 

as by-products. Many of the 

deposits are small and rarely contain 

more than about 1,000 t of tin. In total, 

the economically mineable (proven + 

probable) reserves may be in the order 

of 50 Mt of ore, containing about 

40,000 to 50,000 t of cassiterite. 

CONCLUSIONS 

Mineral potential in the DRC is clearly 

huge and mining is the major industrial 

activity of the country. Despite its 

incredible mineral wealth, extensive 

mining remains limited to dominantly 

oxide Cu-Co deposits in Katanga and 

diamond orebodies in Kasaï. More 

extensive mining activity awaits a better, 

more proactive mining administration 

and the improvement of infrastructure. 

Yes, the DRC is “scandalously” rich 

in economic minerals. The scandal, 

however, is mainly that of the government’s 

inability to guarantee security of 

title, an environment of good governance 

to promote confidence for the 

investor, as well as adequate investment 

in infrastructure that would allow 

development of a sound mining industry. 

Such a combination would create 

the tens of thousands of new jobs that 

the country desperately needs. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

The author would like to acknowledge 

productive discussions with Jacky 

Cailteux, Luc Tack, and Johan Lavreau. 

Sylvie Plainchamp and Christophe de 

La Vallée Poussin, Bugeco senior geologists, 

were helpful and are thanked for 

preparing the illustrations and improving 

the text. Thanks also to the reviewers, 

Murray W. Hitzman and Nick 

Steven. 

REFERENCES 

Cailteux, J.L.H., Kampunzu, A.B., Lerouge, 

C., Kaputo, A.K., Milesi, J.P., 2005, Genesis 

of sediment-hosted stratiform copper-cobalt 

deposits, Central African Copperbelt: 

Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 42, p. 

134–158. 

Dewaele, S., Muchez, Ph., Heijlen, W., 

Boutwood, A., Lemmon, T., and Tyler, R., 

2006, Reconstruction of the hydrothermal 

history of the Cu-Ag vein-type mineralization 

at Dikulushi, Kundelungu foreland, 

Katanga, D.R.Congo: Journal of 

Geochemical Exploration, v. 89, p. 

376–379. 

Goossens, P.J., 2007, Phoenix rising in an 

uncertain world—new mining activities in 

Katanga: Bull. Séanc. Acad. R. Sci. Outre- 

Mer, v. 53, p. 361–385. 

Hitzman, M.W., Kirkham, R., Broughton, D., 

Thorson, J., and Selley, D., 2005, The sediment-hosted 

stratiform copper ore system: 

Economic Geology 100 th Anniversary 

Volume, p. 609–642. 

Lepersonne, J., 1974, Carte géologique du 

Zaïre au 1 ⁄2 000 000 et notice explicative: 

République du Zaïre, Département des 

Mines, Direction de la géologie, 67 p. 

Selley, D., Broughton, D., Scott, R., Hitzman, 

M., Bull, S., Large, R., McGoldrick, P., 

Croaker, M., Pollington, N. and Barra, F., 

2005, A new look at the geology of the 

Zambian Copperbelt: Economic Geology 

100 th Anniversary Volume, p. 965–1000. 

Service géologique du Zaïre, 1974, Notice 

explicative de la carte des gîtes minéraux 

du Zaïre: Editions du Bureau de recherches 

géologiques et minières (Paris), 99 p. 1


International Field Workshop on Gold Metallogeny in India 

and Resulting Recommendations 

December 3-13, 2008 

MIHIR DEB (SEG 2004 F) and RICHARD GOLDFARB (SEG 1989 F) 

SEG NEWS 

An international field workshop on 

“Gold Metallogeny in India” was organized 

jointly by the Department of 

Geology, University of Delhi, and the 

National Geophysical Research Institute 

(NGRI), Hyderabad, from December 3 to 

13, 2008. The 40 participants represented 

11 academic and research institutions, 

two government geological surveys, 

and six exploration companies 

from India and abroad. The foreign participants 

came from the United States, 

Canada, Australia, and the Russian 

Federation. There were 12 sponsors of 

the workshop, including SEG. The workshop 

format featured a two-day conference 

in Hyderabad, followed by field 

trips to the Hutti gold mine and Kolar 

goldfield in Karnataka, both in a Precambrian 

greenstone belt setting, and 

to the sedimentary rock-hosted Bhukia 

gold prospect in Rajasthan. The workshop 

ended with a one-day concluding 

seminar at the University of Delhi. 

The opening conference, held at the 

NGRI, was inaugurated by Shantanu 

Consul, the Secretary of the Indian 

Ministry of Mines. This inaugural session 

was also addressed by V.P. Dimri, 

Director of NGRI, and V. Manjula, 

Managing Director of Hutti Gold Mines 

Ltd. Mr. Consul, in his address, welcomed 

the efforts of the conveners, Prof. 

M. Deb and Dr. V. Balaram, to bring 

scientists from academia, research 

Some field workshop participants pose in front of 

Malappakonda shaft, Hutti Gold Mine. From left to right: 

C. Manikyamba, A. Crawford, N. Berdnikov, D. Kontak, A. 

Chattopadhyay, P. Bittenbender, Gurmeet Kaur, M. Deb, 

N. Sada Siva Rao, Swati Deol, B. Mishra. S.K. Chaku, M. 

Rammohan. 

institutions, and the private sector from 

different countries to discuss with leading 

Indian economic geologists the possible 

approaches by which India could 

reverse, in the coming years, the dismal 

recent record of continuing low gold 

production. The conference included 

presentations of six papers by the foreign 

participants on global perspectives 

regarding orogenic gold deposits and, 

subsequently, a review of the presentday 

Indian gold mining industry, particularly 

that of the Dharwar craton of 

southern India, as well as the key issues 

of gold metallogeny throughout India 

by Indian speakers. The conference also 

provided presentations on deposit-scale 

studies within the Dharwar craton and 

the Aravalli craton in northwestern 

India, both areas where the subsequent 

field visits took place. The evenings provided 

opportunity for the participants to 

watch a cultural program of classical 

Indian dance, sample Indian wine and 

Kingfisher beer, and visit the historic, 

ancient Golconda Fort. 

The highlight of the workshop was 

the visit to the deepest, 2400-ft level of 

the greenstone-hosted Hutti lode gold 

deposit, and to the small satellite open 

pit mine at Uti. As expected, a great 

deal of discussion ensued regarding 

aspects of the structural setting and volcanic 

stratigraphy of the four auriferous 

reefs visited by the group in the Hutti 

mine. The next part of the 

field trip included a visit to 

the famous Kolar Goldfield 

(KGF) near Bangalore. 

Because there is no mining 

activity in the KGF at present, 

the entire day was 

spent viewing the surface 

expression of the mafic volcanic 

rock stratigraphy that 

hosted the world-class goldand 

sulfide-rich quartz 

lodes, some of which were 

mined to a depth of more 

than 10,000 ft. The eastern 

margin of the KGF, which is 

marked by the Champion 

Gneiss with lesser polymictic 

conglomerate, and the 

BIF-dominated western 

margin, were also examined. A lunchtime 

visit to the Kolar Club, housed in a 

one hundred-year-old building, gave 

the participants a flavor of the life of the 

mining community during the heydays 

of KGF mining under John Taylor & Sons 

during the first half of the last century. 

The final part of the field program included 

a visit to the Bhukia prospect, 

traveling from Udaipur in southern 

Rajasthan. The participants toured the 

carbonate environment hosting the structurally 

controlled gold-sulfide orebodies 

and viewed the associated synkinematic 

granites. This field trip was followed by 

a quick examination of representative 

drill cores from arsenic-rich and arsenicfree 

mineralization intervals within 

calc-silicate, quartz-albite, and tourmaline-rich 

alteration zones. 

The concluding session at the University 

of Delhi included presentation of 

papers on gold metallogeny in the eastern 

and central Indian cratons and on a 

few additional deposits within the schist 

belts of the Dharwar craton. This was 

followed by the valedictory session that 

involved discussions on the geological 

as well as policy issues that arose during 

the course of the workshop. The convener, 

Mihir Deb, spearheaded the discussion 

on specific topics that emerged 

out of interactions in the field. Rich 

Goldfarb, in his opening remarks, 

emphasized the difference between 

Phanerozoic and Precambrian deposits 

and the importance of the information 

from India on regional geology of auriferous 

terranes, their geochronology, 

and timing of mineralization in terms 

of crustal evolution. He stressed the 

great potential for gold in India, reflective 

of the very favorable geology, but 

how, in surprising contrast, India no 

longer ranks highly among the significant 

global gold-producing countries. 

He also emphasized the need for more 

interaction between academia and 

industry in India, a point that many 

attendees stressed should be a key recommendation 

from this workshop presented 

to the government of India. 

Other highlights of the 

comments given by some 

to page 

speakers are as follows: 18 ...


SEG NEWS 

... from 17 

International Field Workshop on Gold Metallogeny in India (Continued) 

• Gold metallogeny commonly occurs 

in multiple stages, starting with its 

pre-concentration in the crust and 

then its remobilized in several steps 

to ore-grade concentration. In the 

sedimentary rock-hosted Bhukia 

deposit, the main mineralization 

appears to predate deformation and 

gold appears to have been concentrated 

during multiple stages. Hence, 

it cannot be classified as an orogenic 

gold deposit (Ross Large). 

• Exploration and genetic models are 

different, but they nevertheless are 

interrelated. Very often, although we 

may differ on our preferred genetic 

models, we may still agree on the 

keys aspects of exploration models 

that are critical to finding new gold 

deposits (Rich Goldfarb). 

• Abnormal concentrations of gold in 

the basement is a requirement for 

the formation of giant gold deposits. 

High MgO lavas are also necessary 

within the host sequences (Tony 

Crawford). 

• The KGF ores may have formed at 

lower grades, but were later metamorphosed 

during higher grade 

events (Rich Goldfarb). 

• The conglomerates seen at Hutti and 

Kolar may be termed “orogenic conglomerate” 

and may be representative 

of lithostratigraphic dislocations 

that are good indicators of proximity 

to ore (Howard Poulsen). 

• Many orogenic and other types of 

gold deposits are, in a broad sense, 

strata bound, where they occupy a 

bedding plane that defines a rheological 

contrast. In all three deposits 

visited during the field trip, S0 or 

stratification/bedding was the most 

conspicuous structural surface. The 

lodes at Hutti are partly hosted along 

the contact between felsic and mafic 

volcanic units and at Bhukia they 

are parallel to the quartzite/carbonate 

contact (Howard Poulsen). 

• A craton-scale ore fluid is uniform 

throughout the Dharwar craton. The 

fluids are all aqueous-carbonic fluids 

and the gaseous components are 

CO 2 -CH 4 -N 2 (Biswajit Mishra). 

• Even a single, carefully selected sample 

may give the total fluid evolution 

history of a deposit (Dan Kontak). 

• Second and third deformation events, 

particularly the second, have concentrated 

the ores in the deposits that 

were visited. Fracture dilation was 

also important for gold localization 

(Anupam Chattopadhyay). 

• Less common types of gold deposits, 

such as gold in gneisses and migmatites 

or gold in laterites, although 

not mentioned in this workshop, 

may be of substantial economic 

interest in India. The classification of 

the Singhbhum Cu-U-apatite-magnetite 

mineralization and that of 

Khetri Cu mineralization as IOCGtype 

deposits may not be tenable 

(S.C. Sarkar). Also, the gold-bearing 

Malanjkhand copper deposit probably 

should not be classified as a porphyry-type 

deposit (Doug Kirwin). 

• Tourmaline composition can be used 

as a guide for Au mineralization in 

the Bhukia-Dugocha metallogenic 

belt. Wherever the tourmaline is of 

schorl variety, associated gold mineralization 

appears to be economically 

insignificant (P.R. Golani). 

Final recommendations included the 

point that although there are some good 

deposit-scale studies in India, it is important 

to step back and look at the ores in 

a more regional context. In this regard, 

understanding regional structures and 

their kinematic history will be critical, 

and obtaining better geophysical data 

will be critical for locating the structures. 

Both metamorphic and magmatic 

fluids may have been active in ore formation 

in the Indian deposits and both 

should be evaluated when establishing 

Indian gold ore genesis models. Granulite 

metamorphic facies terranes should not 

be neglected in exploration programs. 

Developing robust geochronologic databases 

is essential. 

Research 

facilities and 

funding for 

geochronological 

and other 

modern chemical 

analyses 

must be pursued 

and supported 

by government 

financial aid, if 

India is to develop 

a thorough 

understanding 

of its 

undeveloped 

and potentially 

world-class 

gold resources. 

With regard to granting of mining 

leases by the local state governments, 

fast action and total transparency are 

required if international mining companies 

are to be attracted to India. 

Encouragement and support from local 

government is essential for fostering 

interest in exploration by private companies. 

Government agencies should 

not be competing with private companies 

in areas where newly discovered 

resources are under lease. The role of 

the Geological Survey of India should 

be to help facilitate the exploration 

industry and not to make money from 

projects carried out through public 

funding. It was widely recommended 

by all attendees that industry and government 

should come together and 

support exchanges of information, such 

as the present one, to facilitate discovery 

and development of new resources 

in India. 

It was agreed upon that the general 

lack of interest in economic geology in 

the Indian universities should be 

addressed through inclusion of better, 

modern, and applied field-oriented 

courses in the curriculum. Specialized 

short courses and workshops could be 

held on different topics each year to aid 

young scientists in India. Finally, a specialized 

institute to focus on the study of 

all aspects of gold geology should be 

developed through government and 

industry collaboration. International 

experts with different metallogeny 

expertise could be invited to such an 

institute on a regular basis to facilitate 

interaction between leading Indian and 

international scientists. 1 

Participants in front of the KGF club. From bottom, left to right: row 1- R. 

Krishnamurthi, Tamal Pal, Swati Deol; row 2: Yamini Singh, C. 

Manikyamba, Gurmeet Kaur, IVVSV Prasad; row 3: V. Balaram, M. Deb, 

A.K. Sen, M.L. Patil; back row: Peter Bittenbender, Anthony Crawford, 

Rich Goldfarb, M. Rammohan, Erin Marsh, P. R. Golani, D.J. Baral, N. 

Sada Siva Rao, H. Poulsen, P. Srivastava, B. Mishra, G.C. Singhai, A. 

Gupta, D. Kontak, Ross Large, D. Sreenivasa Sarma, N. Berdnikov, S.K. 

Chaku, H.S. Pandalai, Sanjeev Sharma, Suresh Chander.


SEG Regional Vice President Lecturer 2008 Report 

STUART SIMMONS (SEG 1985 F) 

Consulting Geoscientist, Hot Solutions Ltd (e-mail, stuart@hotsolutions.co.nz) 

SEG NEWS 

This lecture tour is funded for lectures 

given within one of the six regions that 

cover the world for the SEG. Accordingly, 

my scope of travel was limited to New 

Zealand and Australia (Australasia 

region), but like others before me, I took 

advantage of opportunities to give full 

and condensed versions of lectures at 

the conferences in Peru and Argentina. 

I gave the following talks: 

1. The origin, flux, and fate of gold and 

related trace metals in active hydrothermal 

systems; 

2. Geological attributes of epithermal 

vein deposits and their relevance to 

exploration; and 

3. The outbreak of hot springs, geysers, 

and hydrothermal eruptions in the 

aftermath of the 1886 volcanic eruption 

of Mt Tarawera. 

With the resources available, I targeted 

university venues that had a strong 

tradition of ore deposits research; within 

New Zealand, I also went to Canterbury 

University in Christchurch, where I 

started my lecture tour in August, giving 

the two talks (1 and 3) on New Zealandbased 

research that overlapped their research 

expertise in dealing with volcanic 

processes. From there, I went to the 

University of Otago (Dunedin) where 

research on orogenic and placer gold 

deposits has long been a strength of the 

geology department. The strong turnout 

by students and staff at both of these 

South Island universities is a testament 

to the diversity of interests reflected in 

the antipodean geoscientific community. 

In early September, I gave a condensed 

version of talk 1 as keynote presenter 

at the annual meeting of the NZ 

Branch AusIMM in Wellington. This 

subject has had considerable publicity 

from publications in Science (2006), 

Geology (2007), and the SEG Newsletter 

(January 2008). It represents one of the 

most personally captivating areas of 

research in my career, with due credit to 

my co-author and long-time collaborator, 

Kevin Brown. This was just the first 

of four conference settings where this 

talk was given as a keynote presentation 

under the SEG banner; the other 

three were Pacrim Congress 2008 (Gold 

Coast, Australia), the combined XIII 

Congreso Latinoamericano de Geología 

& XVI Congreso Peruano de Geología 

(Lima, Peru); and XVII Congreso 

Geológico Argentino (Jujuy, Argentina). 

In early November, I gave the last of 

my university-oriented talks during a 

week-long dash across Australia. It 

started at the University of Western 

Australia in Perth, where I gave talk 1 to 

an intimate group, comprising mainly 

students from the local SEG student chapter 

who were involved with organizing 

an SEG-sponsored field trip to the North 

Island, New Zealand. A few weeks later, 

I showed this same group the Waiotapu 

and Waimangu geothermal fields in New 

Zealand. The afternoon talk (talk 2) was 

given to a packed audience of Perthbased 

geoscientific professionals; I was 

especially pleased to catch up with former 

University of Auckland students 

who now work in Western Australia. 

From Perth, I went to the University of 

Tasmania (Hobart) for a repeat of talk 1 

to an excellent turnout comprising the 

bulk of CODES and geology dept staff 

and students, and then to Australian 

National University (Canberra) where I 

gave the same talk to a smaller, but highoctane 

group of researchers. Although 

there were a number of highlights in 

terms of meeting new people and catching 

up with old friends and colleagues, 

without doubt the most significant and 

most satisfying was being surprised by 

Dick Henley, who picked me up at the 

Canberra Airport. Dick was already well 

known to me during my student days 

before I first met him in the mid-1980s, 

and at that time, I was a Ph.D. student 

at the University of Minnesota; looking 

back it is easy to hold him directly 

accountable for shaping 

a great deal of my ore 

deposits and geothermal 

research over the last 25 

years. So in this same 

light, it was also very 

pleasing to meet a number 

of students along 

the way who are clearly 

enthusiastic about economic 

geology, but 

who, it is hoped, can 

figure out how to be 

resilient in their professional 

careers when the 

cyclical downturn in 

mineral commodities 

hits as it has. 

For those universities and organizations 

that invited me to give talks, but 

which, because of a lack of resources 

(time and money) were left out of my 

lecture tour, I can only say that I would 

be pleased to come and give the same 

talks, or even new ones, if I happen to 

be in the neighborhood or if you help 

sponsor the cost of travel. My work 

takes me to parts of Latin America, 

western North America, western Pacific 

rim, southeast Asia, and, rarely, Europe, 

so please write (by e-mail) and let me 

know if you are interested so I can fit 

you into my schedule, when possible. 

I want to acknowledge and thank a 

number of people for hosting me and 

coordinating my talks and travels along 

the way: Catherine Reid (University of 

Canterbury); David Craw (University of 

Otago); Cam McCuaig (University of 

Western Australia); Bruce Gemmell 

(University of Tasmania); John 

Mavrogenes (Australian National 

University); Tony Christie (Wellington, 

New Zealand); Noel White (Brisbane, 

Australia); Jose Arce (Lima, Peru) and 

Susan Segal (Buenos Aires, Argentina). I 

also want to thank my collaborators, 

Kevin Brown, Patrick Browne, Ron 

Keam, Noel White, and David John, 

who over the years directly contributed 

to the scientific content of my presentations. 

Finally, I want to thank SEG staff, 

Christine Horrigan and Brian Hoal, and 

Antonio Arribas (former Vice President- 

Regional Affairs) for facilitating my lecture 

tour, and of course the SEG for the 

honor of serving the Society is this 

capacity. 1 

Group photo of the University of Western Australia SEG student 

chapter and me (back row, second from right) at Inferno 

crater, Waimangu geothermal field, during their North Island 

field trip (November-December).


SEG NEWS 

MENTORING 

The Mentoring column is a regular feature of the SEG Newsletter, with contributions of up to 700 words from those who have 

mentored and/or have benefited from mentorship by another. Those interested in contributing should contact Steve Garwin 

(sgar@iinet.net.au) or Lucy Chapman (lucyhelenachapman@bigpond.com) regarding details of submittal. 

Reflections on Being Mentored—and the Job Market 

In the last issue of Newsletter, SEG volunteers 

provided insight into their roles 

as mentors. In the current column, two 

young SEG members working in exploration 

share their thoughts on how 

mentoring has helped them in the real 

world of exploration. 

Jessica McNeich (SEG 2007) 

After graduating with a BSc (Hons) in 

economic geology from James Cook University 

in 2006, I started work as an exploration 

geologist with Ozmin Resources, 

a junior company exploring for Cu-Au 

deposits in northern Queensland, Australia. 

Currently, I am working as a 

contract geologist with Copper Exploration, 

exploring for IOCG deposits within 

the Eastern Succession, Mount Isa inlier 

in western Queensland. 

After two years as an industry professional, 

I feel I can attribute a great deal 

of what I have learned to the diversity 

of tasks and roles to which I have been 

exposed. I strive to improve my geological 

skills by making the most of every 

opportunity and following the guidance 

of mentors who have helped me focus 

my interests. I am fortunate to have been 

mentored by Glen Little, a truly inspirational 

exploration manager, and Lucy 

Chapman. Both have encouraged me 

and helped shape my career path. Graduating 

during the recent “boom” and 

riding the wave through to the current 

global financial downturn has made me 

realize the importance of having mentors. 

I was a statistic of the downturn, having 

been made redundant by my first 

employer owing to the lack of funding 

needed for continual exploration. However, 

I found new employment and 

enjoy it. 

For those young geologists starting a 

career in these difficult times, it is important 

to remember what inspires you. 

Seek out what you want and go for it. It 

takes a lot of continual hard work, but 

if you are focused and committed you 

will find that opportunities will arise. 

Nathaniel Duncan Proctor 

(SEG 2006) 

In August 2008, 

I joined on as 

an exploration 

geologist with 

Ivanhoe Nickel 

and Platinum 

Ltd, a privately 

held company 

that’s currently 

involved with 

base- and precious- 

metal 

exploration in 

Africa and 

Nathaniel Duncan 

Proctor 

Australia. Since then, I’ve been involved 

with various mapping and drilling programs 

in the Congo and have enjoyed 

the challenges and adventures that 

come with operating in such a remote 

part of the world. 

A few years ago, as an undergraduate 

at Colorado School of Mines, I questioned 

my path in the geosciences and 

had become disillusioned with my declared 

major of petroleum exploration. 

I was interested in searching out other 

options. The department head at the 

time, Murray Hitzman, advised me to 

attend a local SEG chapter meeting that 

focused on careers in international mineral 

exploration. I was captivated by 

the numerous options that this field 

offered and inspired to seek out contacts 

through other SEG-sponsored events in 

the hopes of learning more and meeting 

people. 

Through those meetings I was fortunate 

to find student internships at 

Queenstake Resources and Teck- 

Cominco, as well as attend international 

field trips to Brazil and Namibia 

that were cosponsored by the SEG 

Foundation. Participating in these 

events helped me establish lasting relationships 

with professionals in the 

industry and introduced me to my mentor, 

Dave Broughton. Through these 

interactions, I was exposed to ongoing 

global exploration projects, which 

served to fuel my interest. 

Even though the industry has 

changed drastically as of late, I feel that 

the dedication of the Society’s members 

toward young, emerging geologists is as 

strong as ever. I would advise students 

and young professionals to continue to 

use the many resources that the SEG 

offers and network as much as possible. 

Don’t be afraid to approach companies 

and show them what you have to offer. 

After all, a career in the minerals industry 

is just about the grandest adventure 

you could hope to embark upon. 1 


PAID ADVERTISEMENT


SEG STUDENT CHAPTER NEWS 

NAZCA-UNIVERSIDAD DE CONCEPCIÓN (CHILE) STUDENT CHAPTER 

XIII Latin American 

Congress of Geology 

September 29–October 3, 2008 

A group of members of the Nazca 

Student Chapter participated in the XIII 

Latin American Congress of Geology 

that took place in Lima, Perú. This 

event encouraged communication 

between geologists and students from 

different countries and provided an 

opportunity for participants to take a 

closer look at the geology and mineral 

deposits of Perú. 

Students from Colombia, Perú, and 

Chile gathered beforehand at the 

Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú 

to discuss new projects, including possible 

field trips. SEG student members 

shared their experiences with other students 

in promoting the benefits of being 

part of the Society. The next day, a 

meeting with some SEG members took 

place at the headquarters of the 

Geologic Society of Perú. 

Chapters of Universidad 

Católica del Norte (Chile), 

Universidad Nacional de 

Colombia (Medellín- 

Bogotá), and Nazca- 

Universidad de Concepción 

(Chile) presented their 

activities to SEG members 

and students. We had the 

opportunity to speak with 

SEG members, including 

Brian Hoal, Richard Goldfarb, 

Stuart Simmons, Craig 

Hart and Erich Petersen, 

who gave us valuable 

advice and generated interesting discussions 

relating to the future of our student 

groups. 

The Student Chapters thank all the 

SEG participants who accepted our invitation 

to this meeting. We especially 

thank Cesar Vidal, president of the 

Geologic Society of Peru, and José Arce, 

Meeting of the students of Latin America to discuss 

mutual interests and promote SEG membership. 

Manager of Arce Geofísicos, who 

allowed us to use their auditorium for 

the meeting. Finally, we thank the students 

(such as Julio Jurado!) who participated 

in all the activities with much 

enthusiasm. 

Pablo Bernabé Evans 

President, Nazca Student Chapter 

STUDENT NEWS 

Brian Hoal (SEG Executive Director) speaks to the 

Student Chapters and encourages them to keep working 

to accomplish their objectives. 

The president of Nazca Student Chapter, Pablo Bernabé, presents the activities 

and future goals of this group. 

SEG members find a moment to chat (left to right): Stuart Simmons, Brian Hoal, 

Richard Goldfarb, Craig Hart, Pablo Bernabé (president of Nazca Student 

Chapter) and Mabel Lanfranchini (Universidad Nacional de La Plata). 

Networking members pause for a photo (left to right): 

Carlos Jiménez (president of Universidad de Nacional 

de Colombia, Medellín, Student Chapter), Craig Hart, 

Andres Mestre, and Pablo Bernabé (Nazca Student 

Chapter vice president and president, respectively), 

and Brian Hoal (SEG Executive Director).


UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA STUDENT CHAPTER 

STUDENT NEWS 

Two Students Receive Honors 

Two graduate students from the 

University of British Columbia SEG 

Student Chapter recently received 1 st 

and 2 nd place awards for their posters at 

the 2009 Mineral Exploration Roundup 

in Vancouver, Canada. Ayesha Ahmed 

was awarded Best Student Poster for her 

work, entitled “Extending the 

Hydrothermal Footprint of Carlin Gold 

Systems: A Look into Clay Alteration 

using Infrared Spectroscopy.” Ayesha’s 

poster is based on her M.Sc. research, 

assessing the distal physio-chemical 

expression of the Carlin-Au hydrothermal 

systems in Nevada. Shawn Hood 

was awarded 2 nd place for his poster, 

entitled “High-Grade Hydrothermal 

Copper in Foliated Granites: The 

Relationship of Mineral Chemistry, 

Mineral Paragenesis, and Foliation 

Development to Fluid Flow and Metal 

Precipitation in the Minto Cu-Au 

Deposit, Yukon.” Shawn also won the 

Best Poster award for the same poster at 

the Western Inter-University Geoscience 

Conference in Vancouver in January. 

Shawn’s poster is based on his M.Sc. 

research on the genesis and structural 

development of the Minto Cu-Au 

deposit in central Yukon, Canada. Both 

Ayesha and Shawn are part of yet 

another group of exciting young graduate 

students in the Mineral Deposit 

Research Unit at UBC. They are both in 

their first year of the M.Sc. degrees; 

Ayesha is a graduate of UBC and 

Shawn came to MDRU from Carleton 

University in Ottawa. 

Kenneth Hickey, MDRU 

Ayesha Ahmed with her first place-winning poster on Carlin gold. 

For additional information 

on Student Chapters, go to 

http://www.segweb.org/ 

students/ on the SEG website. 

Shawn Hood’s poster on the Minto deposit has won awards at two conferences. 


PAID ADVERTISEMENT



Notice: Views expressed in the Exploration Reviews do not necessarily reflect those of the Society of Economic 

Geologists, Inc., and columnists are solely responsible for ascertaining that information in this section is correct. 

Metal Resources Announced in 2008: 

Do They Replenish the Mined-Out Tonnages? 

Peter Laznicka (SEG 1987 F), Total Metallogeny Consulting, Adelaide, Australia 

Working on my proEXPLO 2009 short 

course about future metal supplies, I 

needed to test numerically the often 

heard sentiment that we are running 

out of metals and that the newly added 

resources do not replace the mined out 

ores. Uniform and reliable data are 

hard to get; the SEG Exploration 

Reviews are one of the handy information 

sources which, although incomplete 

and nonuniform, at least provide 

data sufficient to indicate a trend (for 

example, the U.S. correspondents provide 

virtually no reserve figures, 

whereas the Russian correspondents 

quote generously even the notoriously 

unreliable P-class resources). I have 

selected, recalculated, and added tonnages 

of metals in resources (all categories) 

announced in the four SEG 

Newsletter issues that cover the year 

2008 (no. 72–75), and partially filled 

the gaps from other sources. The 

announced resources do not necessarily 

mean resources discovered in 2008 as 

there is sometimes a long gap between 

discovery, resource calculation, and 

announcement. Announcements just 

tell us that a certain quantity of metals 

in ores has been newly added (some 

resources have been merely reconfirmed) 

to the existing resources so the 

results are an indication of existing 

resource replenishment or a lack of it. 

All figures assembled in Table 1 below 

are quoted in metric tons of contained 

metal (t = tons; kt = kilotons; mt = million 

tons). The first column is the metal, 

the second column is the resource tonnage 

derived from information in SEG 

Newsletter, the third column figures 

have gaps filled from other sources, the 

fourth column is the number of deposits 

(the number of giant deposits, as 

defined in Laznicka, 1999, is in brackets); 

the fifth column is the world’s 2008 

metal production (from the U.S. 

Geological Survey Commodity 

Summaries, 2009); the sixth column is 

the number of years covered by the 

TABLE 1. Tonnages of Selected Metals in Resources Announced during 2008 

Metal SEG tonnage SEG + gaps No. of deposits 2008 production Years to last 

Au 14,259 t 19,591 t 177 (15) 2,330 t 8.41 y 

Ag 109,162 t 134,905 t 61 (4) 20,900 t 6.455 y 

Cu 70.2 mt 135.5 mt 62 (15) 15.7 mt 8.63 y 

Zn 39.4 mt 42.1 mt 34 (2) 11.34 mt 3.71 y 

Pb 17.4 mt 18.05 mt 27 (4) 3.8 mt 4.75 y 

Mo 3,179 kt 5,394 kt 28 (14) 212 kt 25.44 y 

Ni 12,296 kt 12,296 kt 15 (1) 1.61 mt 7.64 y 

W 348 kt 348 kt 8 (1) 54.6 kt 6.3 y 

Fe 6,622 mt 7,772 mt 6 (1) 2,200 mt 3.53 y 

U 78 kt 778 kt 9 (1) 36.72 kt* 21.2 y 

Co 138 kt 138 kt 6 71.8 kt 1.92 y 

Sn 338 kt 338 kt 5 (1) 333 kt 1.015 y 

Cr 12 mt 12 mt 1 (1) 21.5 mt 0.56 y 

Sb 120 kt 120 kt 2 (2) 165 kt 0.72 y 

Bi 35 kt 35 kt 1 (1) 5,800 t 6.034 y 

PGE 2,162 t 2,162 t 9 406 t 5.32 y 

In 396 t 396 t 1 0.568 t 697 y 

*2006 production 

announced resources at the 2008 production 

rate. Fe tonnages represent 50% 

of quoted “Fe ore,” Cr tonnages are 25% 

of chromite. 

The “giant” deposits store the highest 

proportion of the newly announced 

resources: Au, 62.84%, Ag, 53.62%, Cu, 

90.3%, Zn, 52.75%, Pb, 70.1%, Mo, 

89.71%, Ni, 73.19%, W, 57.47%, U, 

90%, Sn, 81.66%, Sb, 100%, Bi, 100%, 

and they will likely remain the mainstay 

of metal supplies at least in this 

century. 

The past five years terminating in 

2008 have been exceptionally good 

times for exploration, with prices of 

many metals at all-time highs reached 

in 2007. The financial crisis, however, 

put an end to this and another downturn 

in commodity demand, production, 

and exploration seems to have 

commenced. The metal tonnages added 

to the existing resources in 2008, sufficient 

for 0.56 to 697 years (hey, use 

more indium!) seem to indicate that the 

industry is able to find and develop new 

metal resources, if the price is right. 

That is, at least for now, while some of 

the relatively easy-to-find orebodies are 

still there. 

AFRICA 

Regional Vice President Africa 

Paul Nex (SEG 2005) 

Umbono Financial Services 

pnex@umbono.co.za 

and 

Judith Kinnaird (SEG 2002 F) 

School of Geosciences 

University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa 

Email: Judith.kinnaird@wits.ac.za 

The continent of Africa comprises 53 

countries with a population close to a 

billion (~15% of the world’s population) 

and although rich in natural resources, 

it is the poorest and most under-developed 

of the “populated” continents. Mining 

companies are reluctant to invest in 

countries where corruption is rife, safety 

might be compromised, or where irregular 

payments must be made. The slump 

in demand for Africa’s resources (especially 

copper, cobalt, diamonds, lead, 

and platinum) and the scarcity of exploration 

capital has already forced many 

companies to suspend exploration and 

put some previously profitable mines 

under care and maintenance. 

However, at the 24 to page ... 

EXPLORATION REVIEWS


... from 23 

Exploration Reviews (Continued) 


Mining Indaba conference in Cape 

Town in February, amidst the doom 

and gloom, there were chinks of optimism 

and occasional declarations that 

the tide had turned. Let’s hope so. 

Governments are acknowledging that 

the mining industry is vital to economic 

wealth and development. In the February 

budget, South Africa’s government 

announced it will delay levying mining 

royalties for 10 months in a bid to save 

jobs, providing a boost to the industry 

of about 1.8 billion rand ($184 million). 

In West Africa, the Economic Community 

of West African States (ECOWAS) has 

been preparing a draft mining code for 

its 15 member countries. The code, which 

is in collaboration with Oxfam America 

and other international stakeholders, is 

under review by member states, representatives 

of the World Bank, the 

African Development Bank and the 

South African Development Community. 

ALGERIA 

Although the country is best known for 

its large reserves of gas, Africa’s second 

largest country has metals operations 

that include the 100,000 oz/y Amesmessa 

heap-leach gold mine in the south, 

which began output in 2008. 

BENIN 

The country has limited natural resources 

and is dependent on subsistence agriculture. 

Mining for cement and gravel is 

minor and a small quantity of gold estimated 

at 20 kg/y is produced by artisans. 

BOTSWANA 

Although the annual growth of the stable 

economy of the country has slowed 

from 8 to 3%, largely due to lower mining 

output, the political stability has 

encouraged exploration for resources 

under Kalahari sands. Copper output 

will double to 50,000 t/yr in the next 3 

years, and uranium exploration is producing 

encouraging results. Whereas 

diamonds account for more than onethird 

of GDP and 70–80% of export 

earnings, de Beers suspended operations 

in February for several weeks due 

to a price fall of 30%. 

BURKINO FASO 

Paleoproterozoic greenstone-hosted 

gold, zinc, manganese, copper, nickel, 

and antimony belts are the majority of 

the country’s mineral occurrences, 

although mining accounts for a small 

percentage of GDP. After an 80-year 

gap, commercial production of gold 

began in mid-2007, when High River 

Gold Mines poured gold at its 140,000- 

oz/y Taparko-Bouroum mine. 

CÔTE D’IVOIRE 

The county has important Archean and 

early Proterozoic occurrences of gold, 

diamonds, iron ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, 

manganese, and bauxite. Since a 

new mining investment code in 1995, 

gold has been the most popular exploration 

target. 

GAMBIA 

No commercial ore resources have been 

confirmed to date, although government 

did announce last year that 

exploitable deposits of uranium and 

iron ore had been discovered. Further 

details were not released. 

GHANA 

The country is a leading gold producer; 

operators include AngloGold Ashanti 

(Obuasi and Iduapriem), Red Back Mining 

(Chirano), Newmont Mining (Ahafo 

and Akyem), Golden Star Resources 

(Bogoso/Prestea and Wassa), Gold Fields 

(Tarkwa and Damang), and Central 

Africa Gold (Bibiani). Ghana also has 

a significant production of bauxite, 

manganese, and diamond production is 

around 1.0 Mct, mainly though Ghana 

Consolidated Diamonds. 

GUINEA 

Mineral resources, based on world-class 

bauxite deposits and three gold mines, 

represent 85% of exports, >25% of government 

revenue, and 17% of GDP. 

Bauxite is mined at three locations, the 

largest at Boké. In 2008, some mining 

licences were rescinded and re-allocated, 

following a military takeover after the 

death of the president who had led the 

country since 1993. Three of the world’s 

biggest mining groups with billions of 

dollars invested in the country await 

the policy have been affected, including 

Rio Tinto’s US$6 billion world-class 

Simandou iron-ore project. 

GUINEA-BISSAU 

The country is one of the 10 poorest in 

the world. Although there has been a 

partial economic recovery since a military 

junta destroyed much of the country’s 

infrastructure in 1998, development 

of the country’s petroleum, phosphate, 

and other mineral resources is not a 

near-term prospect. 

LESOTHO 

The country has the world’s greatest 

concentration of kimberlites, with 33 

pipes and 140 dikes identified, of which 

24 are diamondiferous. Since 2006, 

three large diamonds have been produced 

from Letseng la Terae mine and 

a second processing plant is being completed, 

which will double processing 

capacity to 5.2 Mt/y. Prices during the 

fourth quarter of 2008, when the economic 

downturn began, were $2,139/ct, 

while average prices for 2008 were 

$2,123/ct. Letseng is targeting 77,000 

ct/y over 18 years. 

LIBERIA 

There is significant potential for iron 

ore, manganese, diamonds, base metal 

sulfides, and gold. 

MADAGASCAR 

Rio Tinto’s subsidiary, Madagascar 

Minerals, has commenced production at 

its US$1 billion ilmenite project. It is anticipated 

that it will produce 750,000 t/y 

of ilmenite by 2011–2012. The US$3.3 

billion Ambatovy nickel-cobalt project 

(owned by Sherritt International Corp, 

Sumitomo Corp and Korea Resources 

Corp) is anticipated to be one of the 

largest nickel-cobalt projects in the world, 

with annual production of 60,000 t nickel, 

5,300 t cobalt, and 186,000 t fertilizergrade 

ammonium sulfate. The open-pit 

operation is due to begin production in 

2010 with a mine life of 27 years. 

MALI 

The country is an important gold producer, 

recently rivaling Tanzania for 

third place of African producers. 

However, Morila and Sadiola are 

approaching the end of their lives, and 

Mali’s gold production fell from 1.8 Moz 

in 2007 to an estimated 1.6 Moz in 

2008. The highly prospective western 

region hosts resources of uranium, iron, 

bauxite, base metals, precious stones, 

and industrial minerals, in addition to 

gold. 

MAURITANIA 

Mining contributes ~12% of GDP and 45% 

of exports, particularly from the stateowned 

iron ore mines near Zouérate. 

Government is actively promoting the 

mining sector and attracting new investment. 

Copper production from Guelb 

Moghreïn at Akjoujt began in 2006, 

and a gold mine opened in July 2007. 

The recent discovery of oil and gas will 

further enhance the minerals sector. 

MOROCCO 

Production of phosphates from one of 

the largest deposits in the world


accounts for the bulk of the country’s 

mined ore, with phosphoric acid 

accounting for more than 10% of 

exports. Barite is also an important 

commodity. 

MOZAMBIQUE 

The country is developing its minerals 

sector. Kenmare Resources plans to put 

the US$450M Moma mineral-sands 

mine into production in the first quarter 

of 2009. BHP Billiton has announced 

revised plans for the Corridor Sands 

titanium project, with mining and concentration 

at Chibuto and smelters 

located close to its existing Mozal aluminium 

operation in Maputo. Full production 

is not envisaged until 2015. 

Vale has acquired the US$1.4 billion 

Moatize project, which will produce an 

annual 11 Mt of coal from 2011. 

African Queen Mines has identified 

several high priority gold targets in the 

Fingoe belt in the Tete Province 

NAMIBIA 

Mining accounts for over 9% of GDP. 

Uranium has become an important 

commodity: the calcrete-hosted Trekkopie 

mine has been given government 

approval, Rio Tinto is extending the 

life of the Rossing mine by five years to 

2021, Paladin Energy is proceeding to 

a capacity of 3.7 Mlb/y at the calcretehosted 

Langer Heinrich mine. Kalahari 

Minerals has announced 108 million 

pounds of uranium oxide, at a 

grade of 430 ppm with a total resource 

estimate of 133.1 Mlb. 

After a century-long period of isolation, 

the 26,000 km 2 Sperrgebiet (forbidden 

territory), has finally opened as 

a national park. It is a pristine and 

globally important wilderness that 

owes its survival to the diamond industry, 

which placed vast tracts of land 

off-limits. 

NIGER 

The country is one of the world’s leading 

uranium producers, with an output 

of some 3,500 t/y from Arlit and 

Akouta. Output will more than double 

with the opening of China Nuclear 

International Uranium Corp’s 

Teguida mine in 2010 and Areva’s 

Imouraren mine in 2011. The 5,000- 

t/y, US$1.5 billion Imouraren operation 

will be the largest mining project 

ever undertaken in Niger, and the 

world’s second largest uranium mine. 

There are also important gold reserves. 

However, insecurity in northern Niger, 

where Tuareg rebels are fighting government 

forces, is stifling investment 

in mining. 

NIGERIA 

The oil sector provides 20% of GDP and 

95% of foreign exchange earnings. The 

federal government has refocused attention 

on the mining sector and aims to 

encourage mining to diversify Nigeria’s 

economic base but production remains 

limited in spite of potential for gold, 

coal, cement, tin, and barite. 

SENEGAL 

The mineral sector is of increasing economic 

importance; in addition to phosphate 

mining, there is growing interest 

in gold, iron ore, mineral sand, and 

hydrocarbons. Arcelormittal is developing 

an iron ore deposit in the southeastern 

Faleme region. Construction is 

almost complete at the Sabodala gold 

project, with a reserve estimate of 1.63 

Moz, and output is expected to be 

150,000 oz/y over a mine life of 10 years. 

SIERRA LEONE 

Several companies are actively exploring 

for gold and diamonds. Sierra 

Rutile, now part of Titanium 

Resources Group, has resumed mineral 

sands dredging and a second dredge 

should double production to 220,000 

t/y. Bauxite mining has also resumed 

after major refurbishments. African 

Minerals has confirmed a mineral 

resource estimate of 4.7 billion tons of 

iron ore, at an average grade of 29.9% 

for the Numbara and Simbili targets at 

its Tonkolili project. 

SOUTH AFRICA 

Mining accounts for 7.7% of GDP and 

18% employment, supporting about 5 

million people. Government plans 26% 

of the mining industry to be under 

black ownership by 2014. As part of this 

process, all mining companies were 

obliged to reapply for “new order” mining 

rights. Government may have to 

consider bailing out black economic 

empowerment if BEE transactions are to 

remain in the hands of black investors 

during these troubled times. Gold output 

fell 13.6% in 2008, to 220,127 kg, 

the lowest level since the 218,031 kg 

output in 1922, lowering South Africa 

to the world’s number three producer 

behind China and the U.S. The closure 

of mines due to a major power shortage 

Jan. 24–31, 2008, was the first time the 

gold mines closed since the Anglo Boer 

war, between 1900 and 1902. While 

platinum production has risen in recent 

years, output is falling as Anglo 

Platinum plans to retrench 10,000, 

mainly contractors, in 2009 and hold its 

production at the 2008, 2.4-Moz level. 

De Beers intends to slash South African 

diamond production, and lay off a third 

of its 3,500 workers. Gold Fields, the 

world’s number 4 gold producer is planning 

to reduce its 47,000 workforce by 


... from 25 



ALASKA 

Regional Correspondent: 

Curtis J. Freeman (SEG 1996) 

Avalon Development Corp. 

P.O. Box 80268 

Fairbanks, AK 99708 

Tel. 907-457-5159, Fax: 907-455-8069 

E-mail: avalon@alaska.net 

Website: www.avalonalaska.com 

Detailed Alaska mineral exploration 

highlights can be found at Below is a listing 

of companies that published news on 

indicated properties and exploration 

activities. 

WESTERN ALASKA 

In late November, NovaGold Resources 

announced that it had suspended operations 

at its Rock Creek mine. Zazu 

Metals Corporation announced results 

additional drill holes at its Lik deposit. 

Millrock Resources also announced 

drilling results at its Divide project. 

Arctic Oil & Gas Corp. and Shell Trust 

Dredge Engineers have agreed to pool 

their respective interests in offshore mining 

leases in Norton Sound near Nome. 

Northern Dynasty Minerals and partner 

Anglo American provided an updated 

resource estimate at the Pebble coppermolybdenum-gold 

deposit. Pacific 

North West Capital Corp. announced 

the termination of its agreement with 

Stillwater Mining Company and 

Calista Corporation on the Goodnews 

Bay property. Geoinformatics Exploration 

announced a summary of their 

2008 activities at its Whistler project. 

Millrock Resources also announced 

that it has purchased a 100% interest in 

the Estelle gold project from Hidefield 

Gold plc, and Mines Trust Co. Mantra 

Mining Inc. announced that it has 

finalized its acquisition of the Colorado 

Creek, Kugruk, Baird, Omalik and 

Tintina projects from NovaGold 

Resources. Pacific North West Capital 

Corp. announced that it has acquired 

an option to purchase the Nixon Fork 

mine from St Andrews Goldfields Ltd. 

EASTERN INTERIOR 

International Tower Hill Mines Ltd. 

announced a year-end update of 

drilling results and mineral resources at 

its Livengood gold project. Select 

Resources announced that re-evaluation 

of 1989 drilling by Asarco at its 

Shorty Creek project near Livengood. 

International Tower Hill Mines Ltd. 

announced results from exploration at 

its West Pogo project. Full Metal 

Minerals announced final 2008 drill 

results from its LWM project. The U.S. 

Geological Survey recently released 

data on research conducted in the Mt. 

Veta area of the Fortymile District. 

ALASKA RANGE 

Pure Nickel Inc. and joint venture partner 

ITOCHU Corporation announced 

results of its drill program at its MAN project. 

MAX Resources Corp. announced 

final drilling assays from its Gold Hill 

molybdenum project. 

NORTHERN ALASKA 

Silverado Gold Mines Ltd. announced 

that the results of a preliminary feasibility 

study on its Workman’s Bench 

deposit at its Nolan Creek property. 

SOUTHEAST ALASKA 

Coeur d’Alene Mines had its day in 

front of the U.S. Supreme Court on 

January 12 when it pleaded its case for 

permitting its tailings disposal site at its 

planned Kensington gold mine. Constantine 

Metal Resources announced 

additional drilling results from its 

Palmer massive sulfide project. Ucore 

Uranium announced the discovery of 

additional light and heavy rare earth 

element mineralization at its Bokan 

Mountain project. 

ASIA 


Paul L. Zweng (SEG 2003F) 

P.O. Box 235901 

Honolulu, HI 96823-3517 

Tel. 808-536-3646 

E-mail: pzweng@gmail.com 

Contribution from 

Andrew E. Nevin (SEG 1979 F) – India 

E-mail: nevin@pebcreek.com 

New this edition—the SEG Asia Exploration 

Index! This is an equal-weighted 

index to gauge the activity, excitement, 

and value creation being generated by 

non-government controlled companies 

working in Asia, as measured by financial 

markets. The index includes 12 

broadly representative companies (half 

Canadian and half Australian) including 

Centerra 

Gold, Indophil 

Resources, Inter- 

Citic Minerals, 

Ivanhoe Mines, 

Kingsgate 

Consolidated, 

SEG Asia Exploration Index 

Medusa Mining, Olympus Pacific 

Minerals, OZ Minerals, Pan Australian 

Resources, Silver Corp Metals, SinoGold 

Mining, and SouthGobi Energy Resources. 

For more details regarding the construction 

of the index and the rationale 

behind the selection of each of the companies, 

please send me an email. 

We all experienced the unprecedented 

financial turmoil of 2008 that shook our 

industry specifically and wreaked havoc 

on the world economy in general. This 

can be gleaned from the SEG Asia Exploration 

Index, which lost nearly 70% 

of its value in just 6 month’s time! 

Fortunately, in the past two months the 

Asian exploration industry is beginning 

to recover—up 26% YTD as of end Feb. 

Let’s hope this trend continues. 

CAMBODIA 

Mapping and prospecting by Oz 

Minerals at their 88%-owned Ou 

Anlong sedimentary copper project has 

located new occurrences within a specific 

stratigraphic unit in the southern 

areas of the tenement. An RC drilling 

program is currently being planned. 

CHINA 

The16 holes drilled by Asia Now to test 

the middle section of the13 × 2 km 2 mineralized 

zone at the Beiya North project 

(Yunnan) cut spotty intervals of polymetallic 

mineralization. Only two holes 

cut +1 g/t Au over a minimum of 5 m 

after the first hole, BYN-ZK1 cut 18.2 m 

at 1.1 g/t Au and 28 g/t Ag last year. 

GobiMin received the full payment of 

~C$87.9M from Xinjiang Xinxin Mining 

Industry for its three Ni-Cu properties 

(Yellow Mountain East, Xiangshan, 

and Yellow Mountain) (Xinjiang). 

Thirty-four of 36 drill holes reported 

gold mineralization in the tenth and 

final set of drill holes for the 2008 program 

at Dachang by Inter-Citic Minerals. 

Of the 317 holes drilled in 2008, a 

total of 299 holes contained gold (94.3%), 

most of which reported multiple mineralized 

zones between surface and 150 m 

of vertical depth. The first metallurgical 

results demonstrated that high Au recoveries 

(96%) can be achieved using 

conventional flotation methods. 

Minco Silver continues to advance 

the feasibility study and permitting for 

Periods are end month Jun-08 Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 

Index Value 388.95 120.00 132.25 151.53 

% Change (Mo-Mo) xxx xxx 10.2% 14.6% 

% Change (YTD) xxx –69.1% 10.2% 26.3%


its Fuwan Silver. A production decision 

is expected later this year. 

SilverCorp suspended or scaled back 

mine operation, development, and/or 

exploration at its TLP, LM, and HPG 

mines to preserve capital after commodities 

prices took a dive last year (the 

high-grade Ying mine continues at full 

production). However, not all was dour 

for China’s largest silver producer—15 

new veins were discovered at its 95%- 

owned GC Ag-Zn-Pb project (Guangdong), 

bringing the number of known 

veins to 28. In particular, 4 drill holes 

yielded an avg. 461 g/t (14.8 oz) Ag, 

4.48% Pb, 3.42% Zn, and 0.23% Sn over 

2.10 m true width across theV6-0 Vein. 

The first JORC resource/reserve estimate 

for Sino Gold’s Eastern Dragon 

low-sulfidation, epithermal, Au-Ag vein 

deposit (Heilongjiang) calculated a total 

of 1.3 Moz Au and 11.6 Moz Ag in all 

categories. Eastern Dragon is moving 

forward as Sino Gold’s third mine. 

The prefeasibility study for Tianshan 

Goldfields’ 90%-owned Gold Mountain 

project (Xinjiang) estimated an annual 

production of 65,000 oz Au at a cash 

operating cost of $514/oz over a 9-yr 

mine life. The project pre-tax NPV (8% 

discount rate) is calculated to be $48 M 

with a pre-tax IRR of 25%. 

INDIA 

A high point in December was a 12-day 

field workshop on Gold Metallogeny in 

India, organized by University of Delhi 

and India’s National Geophysical 

Research Institute. Other contributing 

organizations were SEG, India’s Department 

of Science & Technology, and 

Karnataka state-owned Hutti Gold 

Mines Ltd. The workshop is timely: 

India once had a glorious gold mining 

history, but the legacy of its public 

financing of exploration was felt when 

Kolar Gold Fields finally closed at the 

end of the 1990s after producing 800 t 

of gold during its 140-year life. Current 

primary gold production is about 3 tpa; 

demand has grown to 800 t in a “normal” 

year, but price elasticity has 

reduced demand recently. 

At the Prospectors & Developers 

Association of Canada annual convention 

on March 1–4, the Indian delegation 

reviewed the New Mining Policy, 

2008, based on the Hoda Committee 

report. The policy still requires enabling 

legislation from Parliament—and most 

observers believe it will be accepted— 

however ,we may have to wait a while 

longer. A national election has been 

called in a series of five staggered dates 

from April 16 to May 13, 2009. A total 

of 714 million voters will elect 532 representatives. 

After a duly elected government 

is seated, Parliament will consider 

the NMP—perhaps some time this 

year, or perhaps next. The policy continues 

work begun in 1993, to liberalize 

regulations and procedures in favor of 

the explorer. 

An election in Rajasthan replaced the 

state government with one perceived to 

be more friendly to mining. This is good 

news for Indo Gold, which is in litigation 

over the government’s allegedly 

illegal cancellation of Indo’s Bhukia 

tenements. During elections in India— 

it’s a massive job—most government 

activities cease for about three months 

while the civil service is busy with the 

election. Most observers expect Indo to 

prevail ultimately, for India does have a 

government of laws. 

A new entrant into India is Moonlake 

Mineral Exploration Pvt. Ltd., based 

in Delhi. MME is exploring on its own 

account and offering consulting services 

and farm-ins to others. 

LAOS 

Argonaut Resources announced that 

recent exploration at Houai Khouay on 

its Century tenement returned 24 m at 

25.5 g/t Au in quartz veins from trench 

HKTR121. The other significant result 

from these initial samples is 4 m at 8.12 

g/t Au from trench HKTR112. 

Exploration drilling at Sepon Copper 

by Oz Minerals resumed following the 

end of the wet season, with focus on the 

Thengkham deposits. Drilling at 

Thengkham East delivered the best 

results, with thick intervals of primary 

Cu-Au contained in TKE 138 (149.7 m 

at 1.0% Cu and 0.5 g/t Au; 66.3 m 

downhole), TKE129D1 (78.6 m at 0.6% 

Cu, 0.3 g/t Au; 94.7 m downhole) and 

TKE 138 (45.0 m at 0.8% Cu, and 1.3 g/t 

Au; 13 m downhole). At Sepon Gold, 

RC drilling at the Houay Yeng deposit 

yielded no significant results. At the 

nearby Maideng prospect, drilling of 

oxide returned 7 m at 1.3 g/t Au (62 m 

downhole). 

Of course, the big news regarding Oz 

Minerals is that the financially troubled 

and debt-crippled Australian miner 

received a takeout bid valued at $1.7 B 

by China’s Minmetals. Oz Minerals 

was created after Oxiana took over an 

Australian rival, Zinifex. Its market 

valuation has dropped ~$6 B since the 

merger was completed in July. 

PanAust commenced the final phase of 

feasibility drilling at the Ban Houayxai 

Au-Ag project in February. Despite its 

flagship Phu Kham Cu-Au mine being 

cash-flow positive, PanAust continues to 

struggle as losses mount. It is hamstrung 

with ~$317M in debt ($38M due at the 

end of this year) and holds only an $8M 

revolving facility and ~$23M in cash and 

cash equivalents after a recent financing. 

MONGOLIA 

Good news from Mongolia—in December 

the Parliament increased the threshold 

price from $500/oz to $850/oz in 

regards to the windfall profit tax governing 

gold sales. 

Ivanhoe Mines welcomed a government 

announcement that a draft investment 

agreement relating to the Oyu 

Tolgoi Cu-Au mining complex has been 

endorsed in principle by Mongolia’s 

Cabinet and National Security Council. 

The agreement now goes before the 

State Great Khural, or national Parliament, 

for approval. 

Kerry Holdings completed a drilling 

program at its Baruun Naran cokingthermal 

coal property to define the base 

of oxidation. A new program using 

wide-bore drilling is scheduled to collect 

bulk samples for additional coal-quality 

tests. Kerry continues to drill at Khotgor, 

where QGX discovered significant REEs 

late last year. 

Khan Resources signed a letter of 

understanding with the energy division 

of Marubeni relating to uranium 

exploration and mining in Mongolia, 

including Khan’s Dornod U project. 

Peabody Energy obtained an option 

to purchase up to a 50% interest in a JV 

containing Polo Resources’ coal and 

mineral interests in Mongolia. Peabody 

also would be granted warrants to 

acquire a ~15% equity interest in Polo. 

The total cash consideration to be paid, 

if all options are exercised, is US$73.2M. 

The Ovoot Tolgoi mine operated by 

SouthGobi Resources in southern 

Mongolia produced its first millionth mt 

of coal ahead of schedule and below 

budget. The actual mine-site cash cost 

of coal produced through October was 

~$8.20/mt. The capital cost to develop 

the mine was ~$42M. The forecast for 

2009 coal production is ~2.9 Mt. 

Western Prospector discontinued 

legal action against Tinpo Holdings 

Industrial Company and others regarding 

its failed merger after determining 

that such action would likely go for 

naught. The bad news didn’t end there— 

the feasibility study for its Gurvanbulag 

Central U deposit estimated an aftertax 

project IRR of only 1.3%! 

PHILIPPINES 

Indophil Resources released the preliminary 

findings of an extended prefeasibility 

study delivered by Xstrata pertaining 

to the giant Tampakan Cu-Au 

project. Highlights included the following: 

(1) life-of-mine 

avg. annual production to page 28 ... 

EXPLORATION REVIEWS


... from 27 



of 325,000 Mt of Cu contained in concentrate 

and 310,000 oz Au with still 

undefined production of Mo, (2) initial 

milling recovery rate averaging 85% for 

Cu and 62% for Au, (3) +35% Cu concentrate 

grade, and (4) C1 operating cost 

of


discovery, which is open along strike 

and downdip and currently has dimensions 

of 500 × 300 × 30 m. The most 

outstanding intersection is 67 m @ 

1.28% Mo, 29 g/t Rh and 0.13% Cu 

from 220 m, including 10 m @ 6.73% 

Mo, 150 g/t Rh and 0.52% Cu. At the 

nearby Swan prospect, recent drilling 

has intersected 342 m @ 1.21% Cu and 

0.8 g/t Au from 292 m, thus adding to 

the Swan resource. 

Argonaut Resources received assay 

results for all 184 reverse circulation 

holes completed at the Kroombit copperzinc 

project. Significant intersections include 

27 m @ 3.01% Cu from 89 m, and 

49 m @ 2.85% Zn from surface. A new 

resource estimate for this skarn-style 

copper-zinc deposit will be undertaken. 

Aussie Q Resources completed 18 

diamond drill holes at Gordon’s Knob, 

just north of the sheeted vein-style 

Whitewash Mo-Cu-Ag project, near 

Monto. Broad zones of mineralization 

are hosted by strongly altered porphyritic 

granite, brecciated granite, and 

brecciated pegmatite, with mineralization 

open in all directions and at depth. 

Recent intersections include 23 m @ 

0.22% Mo from 206 m, and 12 m @ 

0.36% Mo from 154 m. 

D’Aguilar Gold received assay results 

for all 30 drill holes completed at four 

gold prospects near Biloela. Results suggest 

the presence of numerous, irregular 

gold- and silver-bearing shoots that lie 

in shallow pitching structures. Significant 

intersections include 30 m @ 1.37 g/t Au 

and 81 g/t Ag from 46m at Crunchie, 

40 m @ 1.69 g/t Au and 25 g/t Ag from 

26 m at Kauffmans, 32 m @ 2.13 g/t 

Au and 31 g/t Ag from 32 m at Homestead, 

and 8 m @ 6.2 g/t Au and 5.9 g/t 

Ag from 4 m depth at Porcupine. 

Norton Gold Fields is proposing to 

implement the Mount Morgan gold 

tailings retreatment project in two 

stages to reduce the initial capital 

investment. Stage 1 involves setting up 

a gold-only processing circuit using the 

refurbished Kundana plant remobilized 

from WA. Stage 2 involves production 

of gold (29 Koz pa), copper (1,000 tpa) 

and pyrite (200,000 tpa) by adding a 

copper extraction and flotation circuit. 

NEW SOUTH WALES 

Malachite Resources has increased the 

resources in the high-grade lodes at its 

Conrad silver project near Inverell to 

2.65 Mt @ 105 g/t Ag, 1.33% Pb, 0.53% 

Zn, 0.22% Sn, and 0.20% Cu based on a 

1.2-m underground mining width, including 

a higher grade resource of 458 

Kt at over double that grade. The vein 

system has been drilled to a depth of 

500 m where it remains open, and has 

been drilled over a strike length of 2.2 km, 

with the presence of EM conductors and 

old workings suggesting that the mineralized 

vein system extends for at least a 

further 1.8 km along strike to the SE. 

Argent Minerals announced highgrade 

silver intersections including 26 

m @ 288 g/t Ag in resource drilling at 

Kempfield. Five diamond drill holes 

were also drilled at Sunny Corner to 

obtain core samples for metallurgical 

test work and density calculations. 

Augur Resources announced an initial 

resource estimate of 12.2 Mt at 

0.91% Ni and 0.06% Co (cutoff grade 

0.7% Ni) at its Homeville lateritic Ni-Co 

deposit. Mineralization has dimensions 

of 1,300 × 150 × 30 m and remains 

open to the east and west. Importantly, 

27 of the 43 holes finished in nickel 

mineralization, averaging 1% Ni. 

Drilling to target the downdip continuity 

of gold mineralization within 

Goldminco’s Discovery Ridge prospect 

continued, with best results of 5 m @ 10 

g/t Au from 179 m, 20 m @ 2.31 g/t Au 

from 114 m, and 25 m @ 3.02 g/t Au 

from 159 m. 

The PlatSearch-Teck Cominco JV has 

announced narrow, high-grade intersections 

for recent drilling at the Mundi 

Plains project, NW of Broken Hill, where 

exploration is targeting deep geophysical 

anomalies in search of Broken Hilland 

Mississippi Valley-type deposits. 

The best intersections were 0.8 m @ 4.9% 

Pb, 19.2% Zn, and 83 g/t Ag, and 0.7 m 

@ 3.1% Pb, 20.5% Zn, and 60 g/t Ag. 

Mineralization has now been defined 

within a northeast-trending corridor 

over a strike length of >1 km at depths 

in excess of 300 m below the surface. 

VICTORIA 

Beaconsfield Gold continued drilling at 

the Stavely copper project in western 

Victoria and reported intersections 

including 35 m @ 3.7% Cu from 24 m 

at the Junction 1 prospect. The prospect 

is 3 km south of the Thursdays Gossan 

prospect where the previously reported 

supergene inferred resource is 10.4 Mt @ 

0.45% Cu. 

Castlemaine Goldfields continued 

exploration in the eastern part of the 

historic Castlemaine goldfield. New 

drilling results included 0.6 m @ 539 g/t 

Au from 52 m and 5 m @ 10.1 g/t Au 

from 14 m in one area, and 0.8 m @ 

22.5 g/t Au from 331 m in another 

area. The two areas drilled lie 6 and 3 

km to the north, respectively, from the 

company’s Chewton-Wattle Gully project 

where the previously announced 

underground inferred resource is 2.8 Mt 

@ 7.7 g/t Au. 

Bendigo Mining continued trial mining 

at the historic Bendigo goldfield and 

discovered two new quartz reefs with 

the best intersections of 13.5 m @ >15 

g/t Au and 6.2 m @ 10-15 g/t Au (grade 

estimates based on visual estimation). 

Jabiru Metals completed a drilling 

program at the Wilga and Currawong 

VHMS Cu-Zn deposits at Benambra in 

eastern Victoria. The program confirmed 

the historical resource drilling data. A resource 

study has commenced to upgrade 

the previously reported inferred resource 

of 12.3 Mt @ 2.4% Cu, 0.7% Pb, 4.7% 

Zn, 38 g/t Ag and 1.0 g/t Au). 

TASMANIA 

The Tasmanian government’s Tas 

Explore initiative has released new airborne 

magnetic and radiometric surveys, 

and gravity surveys, over NE Tasmania, 

and interpretations have been published. 

This, together with recently acquired 

LiDAR (topographic modeling) data, is 

assisting in remapping the Lachlan fold 

belt Mathinna Group, which host 85 t 

of historic gold production. Significant 

regional structures that have high 

potential for mineralization have also 

been interpreted from the survey data. 

Bass Metals has announced a 65% 

increase in reserves at its Que River 

mine to 129 Kt @ 9.3% Zn, 4.9% Pb, 

0.6% Cu, 122 g/t Ag and 2.6 g/t Au. 

Recent drilling has indicated further 

extensions to the PQ lens system to the 

north of (and below) the limits of the 

current open cut. Infill drilling at the 

Fossey zone immediately south of the 

Hellyer deposit has been completed, 

with results including 22.3 m @ 10.9% 

Zn, 5.5% Pb, 0.4% Cu, 84 g/t Ag and 

2.2 g/t Au from 243 m. Current results 

are consistent with the resource model 

of 830 Kt @ 9% Zn, 5% Pb, 120 g/t Ag 

and 2.5 g/t Au. The company intends to 

begin mining in early to mid-2010. 

King Island Scheelite now has all environmental 

and government approvals 

in place for its namesake tungsten 

skarn project in Bass Strait. Based on a 

resource of 8.6 mtu (contained WO 3 ) 

the mine is expected to produce 3 Ktpa 

of WO 3 in concentrates. Geotechnical 

drilling and metallurgical testing is now 

underway prior to detailed design and 

capital equipment purchases. 

Venture Minerals has announced a 

resource of 30 Mt @ 33% Fe for their 

magnetite skarn at Mt Lindsay. In 

addition, there are tungsten and tin 

resources within the skarn of 5.7 Mt @ 

0.3% WO 3 at a 0.1% cutoff and 23 Mt @ 

0.2% Sn at a 0.1% cutoff, which could 

be mined in the same 

to page 30 ... 

open pit as the magnetite 

resource. 

EXPLORATION REVIEWS


... from 29 



Proto Resources has announced 

results from a 75-hole resource drilling 

program at their Barnes Hill nickelcobalt 

laterite deposit north of Launceston, 

including 16 m @ 1.34% Ni and 0.05% 

Co from 7 m. The current resource stands 

at 12.1 Mt @ 0.83% Ni and 0.07% Co. 

SOUTH AUSTRALIA 

Rex Minerals is exploring for IOCG 

deposits on the Yorke Peninsula, drilling 

combined magnetic-gravity targets 

along the regional Pine Point fault. 

Recent drilling at Hillside has included 

an intersection of 259 m @ 1.7% Cu and 

0.4 g/t Au from 205 m, which drilled 

down the Zanoni fault zone and intersected 

a number of high-grade lenses. 

Uranium intersections have also been 

achieved in the nearby Parsee fault zone. 

WESTERN AUSTRALIA 

Independence Group-AngloGold 

Ashanti have announced a 24% increase 

to the diluted open cut resources 

at their Tropicana project located 330 

km ENE of Kalgoorlie. The resource now 

stands at 75.3 Mt @ 2.07 g/t Au (5.01 

Moz Au). Current mine design is considering 

7 to 9 staged open pits covering a 

strike length of 4.1 km with a mining 

rate of about 6 Mtpa, making this the 

largest new proposed gold mining development 

in Australia, with annual production 

of 250-420 Koz over a 15-year 

mine life. 

A1 Minerals has announces a maiden 

resource of 7.6 Mt @ 3.0 g/t Au (725 Koz 

Au) at their Delta discovery located 

north of Laverton. This brings their 

total gold resource at the Brightstar 

project to 1.7 Moz. 

NORTHERN TERRITORY 

Rox Resources has announced a 

maiden resource of 38 Mt @ 4.2% Zn 

and 1.0% Pb (using a 3% Zn + Pb cutoff 

grade) for their Myrtle sediment-hosted 

deposit located 20 km south of Xstrata’s 

McArthur River Zn-Pb mine. The sulfides 

in the deposit are unusually coarse 

grained for this style of mineralization. 

To date, only a small section of the 2- 

km-long base metal soil anomaly on 

which the deposit lies has been drilled. 

Resources at ERA’s Ranger uranium 

mine have increased by 128 per cent to 

115 Kt of contained U 3 O 8 . Ranger’s current 

reserves and resources of 159 Kt of 

contained U 3 O 8 exceed by over 50% the 

mine’s total production from the commencement 

of mining in 1981. 

Emmerson Resources’ first drill hole at 

the Analytic One target has intersected 

a broad magnetite-hematite-chlorite 

alteration zone hosting 2 m @ 6.27 g/t 

Au from 246 m, including 3 m @ 48.3 

g/t Au. The hole was planned to test a 

deep magnetic anomaly on a newly 

defined structural corridor, immediately 

north of the Chariot Line of workings in 

the Tennant Creek goldfield. 

Westgold Resources has continued to 

drill out the deep Rover 1 deposit located 

100 km SW of Tennant Creek, where the 

first bonanza grade gold intersection 

was 65 m @ 11 g/t Au and subsequent 

drilling has continued to produce many 

significant high-grade gold results 

within an extensive envelope of strong 

Cu-Co-Bi mineralization. The high-grade 

Cu-Au core of this deposit has a strike 

length of 240 m and remains open in 

most directions. Recent intersections 

have included 65 m @ 2.6% Cu, 0.3 g/t 

Au, 0.22% Bi, and 0.21% Co from 450 

m. Drill results suggest that the system 

is vertically zoned, from copper-rich 

above to gold-rich deeper in the system. 

NEW ZEALAND 

In the Hauraki goldfield, Newmont 

continued diamond drilling epithermal 

gold prospects in the Waihi district near 

their Martha and Favona mines. Three 

holes have been drilled into the Reptile 

vein, which lies in between Martha and 

Union Hill, with recent intersections 

including 4.4 m @ 13.1 g/t Au and 2.3 

m @ 16 g/t Au. 

At Muirs Reefs, near Te Puke at the 

southern end of the Hauraki goldfield, 

Glass Earth Gold drilled a second diamond 

drill hole into the Massey vein 

and intersected 16 m @ 1.1 g/t Au and 

3.5 g/t Ag. 

CANADA 

Contributing Correspondent: 

Greg Stott (SEG 2005) 

Ontario Geological Survey 

Website: http://www.mndm.gov.on.ca/ 

Ring of Fire 

In a classic case of “if you look you will 

find something else,” a string of exploration 

activities by various companies has 

created an exploration camp that now 

contains a range of potentially exploitable 

commodities. All of this exploration 

occurred in a little-explored region on a 

remote edge of the James Bay Lowland in 

far northern Ontario, a topographically 

flat region known more for its paucity 

of bedrock exposure and abundance of 

black flies than its mineral potential. 

Exploration in this region is driven 

largely by geophysics as geologic controls 

are few and far between. The 

recent influx of exploration activities in 

the area was stimulated by a fortuitous 

discovery by De Beers while exploring 

for diamonds. De Beers Canada, under 

a joint venture with Spider Resources 

and KWG Resources (Spider-KWG), 

drilled a geophysical anomaly near 

McFaulds Lake, which intersected massive 

sulfides rather than a kimberlite 

pipe. Spider-KWG continued the drill 

program, which went on to identifying 

several Cu-Zn volcanogenic massive 

sulfide deposits that are hosted by a 

north-trending, arcuate Archean greenstone 

belt. As is so typical of frontier 

exploration, several other junior exploration 

companies recognized the opportunity 

and proceeded to stake ground 

near the Spider-KWG discovery. 

Exploration continued to the north and 

southwest around the arc of this poorly 

known greenstone belt. 

Noront Resources Ltd. was one of 

these companies drilling southwest of 

McFaulds Lake in search of more Cu-Zn 

deposits when, in August 2007, they 

encountered instead a massive Ni-Cu- 

PGM deposit of spectacular grades, 

starting another, even larger staking 

rush in the same region. Within less 

than a year, they discovered a second, 

similar Ni-Cu-PGM deposit along with 

thick, high-grade intersections of 

chromite that form mappable zones 

hosted within ultrabasic units, which 

are interpreted to be stratigraphically 

above the Ni-Cu-PGM deposits. Farther 

northeast, Freewest Resources Canada 

Inc. has also discovered similar wide 

intersections of chromite on strike from 

Noront’s discoveries. Extensive drilling 

has demonstrated that these deposits 

are hosted in mafic to ultramafic layered 

intrusions that were injected into 

the greenstone belt and the outer margin 

of an adjacent felsic pluton. Noront 

has completed a recent 43-101 compliant 

resource estimate for their Eagle One 

deposit and they report an Indicated 

and Inferred Mineral Resource of 2.9 

million tonnes grading 2.12% Ni, 1.21% 

Cu, 1.21 g/t Pt, and 4.07 g/t Pd. Drilling 

of the chromite-rich zones has intersected 

up to 51.1% Cr 2 O 3 over 48 m and 

on both Noront and adjacent properties, 

drilling has yielded greater than 30% 

Cr 2 O 3 over widths of tens of meters. 

This part of Ontario contains several 

large, layered intrusions of Archean 

age, mostly along or close to a major 

northwest-trending, sheared terrane


Mafic to ultramafic intrusions 

Greenstone Belts and 

migmatic supracrustal rocks 

boundary from Big Trout Lake to east of 

Wunnummin Lake. There is limited 

radiometric dating available as yet but 

field constraints indicate that there 

might be at least two separate ages of 

layered intrusions preserved in this 

region: an older, Mesoarchean suite, ca. 

2808 Ma, close to the southwest boundary 

of the Oxford-Stull domain, and a 

younger, probably late tectonic suite of 

Neoarchean age, possibly close to ca. 

2700 Ma, which includes the intrusions 

hosting the base metal and chromite 

discoveries of Noront Resources Ltd. 

While the former suite might be related 

to rifting along the northern edge of the 

North Caribou terrane to form the 

largely Neoarchean Oxford-Stull domain, 

the latter, younger suite might be coeval 

with a major plutonic complex that 

intruded and deformed the McFaulds 

greenstone belt during Neoarchean convergence, 

orogenesis, and assembly of 

the Superior province. The exceptional 

volume of so many layered intrusions 

within and along the margin of the 

Oxford-Stull domain argues for the possibility 

of similar intrusions farther west 

and east within this tectonic domain in 

Manitoba and Quebec. 

Western limit of Hudson Bay – 

James Bay Lowlands 

A portion of the dominantly Neoarchean Oxford-Stull domain in northwestern Ontario 

includes major mafic to ultramafic intrusions, many of which are layered. Two of the most 

prominent, the Big Trout Lake and Highbank Lake intrusions, lie close to the faulted boundary 

between the Mesoarchean North Caribou terrane and the Oxford-Stull domain and 

may be Mesoarchean in age. The “Ring of Fire” is composed of the arcuate Neoarchean 

McFaulds Lake greenstone belt and subvertically dipping mafic to ultramafic intrusions, at 

least some of which are layered and crosscut the belt. The layered intrusions have been 

the main focus of attention in the past year. 

Curiously enough, in spite of the 

exploration serendipity in the recent 

sequence of discoveries that led to the 

chromite deposits, the anomalous 

presence of significant and unexplained 

chromite grains was previously 

detected nearby in stream 

sediments in the headwaters of the 

Attawapiskat River by Spider Resources 

and published by the Ontario 

Geological Survey (Crabtree, 2003). 

Other chromite anomalies lie farther 

north of the Ring of Fire and remain 

unexplained. 

Such a remote part of Ontario has 

now erupted with exploration activity 

involving over 40 companies; all of 

this started initially with diamondiferous 

kimberlite exploration, which 

inadvertently encountered a copperzinc 

deposit, which led to the inadvertent 

discovery of nickel-copper-PGE 

deposits, which most recently led to the 

discovery of exceptional chromite 

deposits. Not bad for a region that has 

received so little examination until 

recently. One wonders what remains to 

be discovered yet across the remote 

Oxford-Stull domain from Manitoba to 

Quebec. 

EUROPE 


Mac Canby (SEG 2003) 

Freeport McMoRan Exploration Corp 

Englewood, Colorado 

E-mail: mcanby@fmi.com 

As metal prices plunged into a trough 

in late 2008, the previous steady flow of 

drill results was replaced by announcements 

of large financial losses, mine 

closures and production reductions, and 

development suspensions, particularly 

in base metals producers. Amidst this 

gloom are some notable achievements 

in discovery and progress in permitting 

and development. 

The most notable success from recent 

(~2007–2008) exploration is the large 

and increasing contribution of porphyrytype 

Au and Cu mineralization to 

Europe’s reserve and resources, as well 

as likely continuing contributions of 

metal from these deposit types from 

prospects that have only just reported 

their first good drill holes. While Boliden 

pushes ahead with the expansion of its 

Proterozoic Aitik porphyry CuAu(Mo) 

mine in the old, cold rocks of Europe’s 

northern latitudes, Eldorado’s Kisladag 

porphyry-type Au deposit in Turkey has 

quietly grown to what may be Europe’s 

largest gold deposit, with an aggregate 

of >500 Mt of reserves plus mineralized 

material containing >15 Moz Au. Carpathian 

Gold made a major increase in 

resources at its recently discovered 

Rovina porphyry AuCu deposits in late 

2008 (now at ~370 Mt containing ~3.9 

Moz Au, in all categories), and to their 

credit, in 2008 discovered the completely 

blind Ciresata porphyry deposit 

on the property, which contains the 

largest Au deposit and highest Au grades 

recognized to date; in late February, 

Emed Mining announced a first resource 

estimate at its new Byeli Vrch 

porphyry Au discovery in Slovakia (41.7 

Mt of 0.79 g/t Au); Stratex also intersected 

blind (but so far non-economic) 

porphyry-type Au mineralization associated 

with a magnetic anomaly beneath 

advanced argillic alteration at its Inlice 

high-sulfidation Au property. Euromax 

Resources announced an inferred 

CuAu porphyry resource at Ilovitza in 

Macedonia; accumulated drill results 

released since early 2007 at Teck- 

Fronteer’s Halilaga CuAu porphyry 

and at Anatolian Mineral’s 

Karakartal (formerly Kabatas) CuAu 

prospect suggest these prospects may be 

poised to announce resources. Isolated 

ore-grade holes in new porphyry systems 

have been 

to page 

reported throughout 32 ... 

EXPLORATION REVIEWS


... from 31 



Europe in the last few years, some of 

which will doubtless evolve into discoveries 

once this downturn allows projects 

to move forward. 

While porphyry discoveries have 

added newly discovered metal, Europe 

remains the region uniquely benefiting 

from the application of innovative 

nickel leaching technologies applied to 

both sulfide and lateritic mineralization, 

making ore deposits out of long-known, 

previously non-economic deposits at the 

far ends of the region’s geography. European 

Nickel, which recently received a 

key forest permit for its Çaldag Ni mine 

in Turkey, also completed a framework 

arrangement for financing ~$350M of 

the project’s development with Chinese 

partners TCC and JXTC. At ~20,000 tpy 

Ni production, Çaldag will be the world’s 

first commercial Ni laterite leaching 

operation, and puts ENickel in a good 

position to apply this technology to 

Albanian deposits which it pursues along 

with joint venture partner Balkan Resources. 

In Finland, Talvivaara Mining 

delivered the first 100-t lot of nickel sulfide 

to off-take partner Norilsk Nickel 

Harjavalta Oy on 19 February, from its 

unique sulfide Ni(ZnCuCo) heap-leaching 

operation in artic conditions. 

The missing piece to supplement both 

geologic discoveries and application of 

metallurgical advances remains the 

ability to bring new resources into minable 

reserves through permitting. While 

the overall impact of the fall in metal 

prices has been very negative, its longerterm 

“silver lining” may be that regulators 

overseeing Europe’s long list of nonpermitted 

gold deposits, particularly in 

southeast Europe (Rosia Montana, 

Perama Hill, Krumovgrad, Olympias, 

Skouries, etc.) may be finally motivated 

to issue permits and start mine developments—and 

create jobs—for economies 

otherwise crowded with the unemployed. 

A unique window exists for those of us 

who are explorers to emphasize the economic 

benefits of mine developments, 

the safe record of cyanide and other 

processing in the increasing number of 

operating mines, and the EU’s formal 

recognition that it must become more 

self-sufficient in natural resources. The 

Fennoscandian countries continue their 

record of a clear and predictable permitting 

process, with Agnico-Eagle pouring 

its first gold in January 2009 at the 

Kittilla Au mine. Having passed through 

a difficult period of mine permittings, 

Turkey emerges as southeast Europe’s 

country in which most deposits with 

earlier permitting problems are now 

being built or operated; as reward, it 

now claims the world’s first application 

of laterite Ni leaching production technology 

at Caldag, while Anatolian proceeds 

with its $170M mine development 

at Copler Au. Greece, Bulgaria, and 

Romania so far show only modest signs 

of progress, including issuance of a 

modified mine permit at European 

Goldfield’s Certej Au deposit in Romania 

(putting it in the last stages of full permitting), 

and the restarting of the permitting 

at Dundee’s Krumovgrad Au 

in Bulgaria and at Eldorado’s Perama 

Hill Au deposit in Greece. Gabriel 

Resource’s proposed 1200-person mine 

construction workforce, and its anticipated 

~$2.5 billion life-of-mine “economic 

infusion” at Rosia Montana Au, 

must be one of the largest investment 

possibilities on Romania’s near horizon 

and the current crisis elsewhere in most 

other industry will hopefully provide the 

catalyst to get this project moving again. 

In molybdenum, Quadra Mining 

apparently continues with permitting at 

the Malmberg deposit in Greenland 

(resources ~217 Mt of ~0.12% Mo), 

while exploration has stopped completely 

at Dundee’s Surdulica Mo 

prospect in Serbia, where grades are 

roughly half those at Malmberg. 

Aiming to reduce the country’s 

dependence on fossil fuels, Sweden has 

said it intends to construct new nuclear 

power plants, reversing its 30-year 

nuclear phase-out policy. The UK, France, 

and Finland are also planning to build 

additional reactors. Though renewed 

interest in nuclear power is likely also 

tied to efforts to curb CO 2 emissions, we 

suddenly hear much less skeptical 

grumbling from those of us geologists 

(who are now busy racing out to stake 

the latest hot uranium prospect) about 

the many gaps in anthropogenic global 

warming theory. Tournigan Energy 

completed an updated resource estimate 

for the company’s Kuriskova uranium 

deposit in Slovakia, where 2008 

infill drilling moved 8,084,000 pounds 

of U 3 0 8 from the inferred resource category 

to the indicated category, and 

increased the grade of indicated 

resource to ~0.56% U 3 0 8 , a number in 

marked contrast to the ~0.018% U 3 0 8 

reported at Aura Energy’s alum shalehosted 

prospects in Sweden. 

After first reporting its +1 Moz Au resource 

at Clontibret, Ireland, last July, 

Conroy Diamonds and Gold now reports 

a large satellite regional soil anomaly 

to the northeast along strike of Clontibret, 

and concludes that overall potential for 

its adjacent licenses could be “in the 15- 

20 million ounce range.” Elsewhere in 

Ireland, renewed regional-scale fundamental 

geochemical and geophysical 

work focusing on ZnPb may set the stage 

for future discoveries: Rathdowney 

Resources (a Hunter-Dickinson company) 

has now analyzed over 10,000 

soil samples and has applied gravity 

and SkyTEM surveys (a new application 

in Ireland) at some of its licenses. Xstrata 

Zinc and Minco continue exploration 

at Pallas Green, completing over 42 km 

of drilling in 2008, mostly around the 

Tobermalug prospect, where a zone of 

pyritic ZnPb mineralization can be 

traced by drilling for over 3.2 km. 

LATIN AMERICA 

Contributions by Country Correspondents 

Angelo Peri Mundaca (SEG 1992) – 

Argentina-Chile 

Minera Cielo Azul (Subsidiary of Coro Mining) 

E-mail: aperi@mcal.cl 

Erme Enriquez (SEG 1985) – Mexico 

Minera Canasil, S.A. de C.V. 

Regina Baumgartner (SEG 2001) – Perú 

ARGENTINA-CHILE 

Southern South America mining business 

has been badly hit by the world crisis, 

and as a result the exploration 

groups are being dramatically shrunk 

and several local geologists are being 

laid off or have seen a reduction of their 

salaries. Teck and RTZ have technically 

shut down the exploration offices in 

Argentina and reduced about 75% of 

their exploration staff in Chile, maintaining 

a reduced core group, which in 

general is integrated by expat professionals. 

Major mines companies in 

Chile are struggling to reduce their production 

costs and have decided to lay 

off several thousands of employees. 

Argentina’s San Juan Province, one of 

the most friendly provinces for mining, 

has suffered a reduction of the exploration 

activity from about 25 to 5 exploration 

groups working in the province. 

Nevertheless, there are still several 

mining and exploration companies 

interested in developing new projects 

and opportunities, mostly focused in 

precious metal deposits in Chile and 

Argentina. Codelco, one of the most 

important copper producers in the world, 

is seeing that this could be, potentially, 

the first year of its entire life with losses, 

and is struggling, as one of the most


important government companies, to 

generate new jobs. 

Copper projects are suffering from the 

lower prices, high investments requirements, 

and/or the owner’s need to generate 

cash, and thus forcing the owner 

companies to look for alternatives, such 

as Centenario’s Franky project in northern 

Chile, that was recently acquired by 

Quadra Mining, which in turn is considering 

looking for a partner to continue 

with of the evaluation and development 

of its Catalina project in Region II, northern 

Chile. It is also deciding whether to 

definitively stop any further work, such 

as the recently acquired Relincho project 

in Region III, northern Chile, by Teck 

Cominco. In addition, several small- to 

medium-size operations are shutting 

down their operations, such as Nova 

Ventura’s Montecristo mine in the Taltal 

area, or are planning to stop their production, 

such as Antofagasta Minerals’ 

Michilla mine in the Antofagasta Region 

in northern Chile. The most advanced 

copper projects in Argentina seems to be 

strongly confined to Xtrata’s El Pachon 

project in the San Juan Province, and 

Coro`s San Jorge project in Mendoza, 

that presented an Environmental Impact 

Study for its flotation project. 

Precious metal projects development 

and exploration seem to be one of the 

main focuses of activity in southern 

Argentina. This is especially so in the 

Santa Cruz Province, where several companies, 

including Andean Resources’ 

Cerro Negro project, Exeter’s Cerro 

Moro, Argentenex’s Pinguino project, 

Pan-American Silver’s Manantial 

Espejo projects, among others, keep 

reporting additional precious metals 

intersects, new or updated resources or 

new finding within the deposits. 

In addition to precious and base metals 

developments, Rio Tinto decided to 

sell its undeveloped potash asset 

Potasio Rio Colorado in Mendoza to 

Vale do Rio Doce, which controls the 

adjacent deeper portion of the project. 

Rio Colorado project, located in the 

Malargue department in the Mendoza 

province, is in the feasibility stage and 

if fully developed will place Argentina 

in one of the major world’s producers of 

potash. In Chile, SQM, formerly known 

as Soquimich, one of the main producer 

of potash, lithium, and other industrial 

minerals and fertilizers in the world, 

reported earnings for the year 2008 of 

US$501.4M and the operating income 

reached US$632.2M (35.6% of revenues), 

144% higher than the US$259.5M 

(21.9% of revenues) recorded the previous 

year. Revenues for 2008 totaled 

US$1,774.1M, and as far as February 

2009, still reporting positive cash flows. 

MEXICO 

Canplats Resources Corporation 

announced that the first independent 

resource estimate for the Represa zone 

has established measured resources of 

0.235 Moz gold, indicated resources of 

3.210 Moz gold, and inferred resources 

of 0.555 Moz gold at the 100%-owned 

Camino Rojo project located in the 

state of Zacatecas. A total of 60.7 Moz 

of silver resources have also been outlined 

in measured and indicated categories. 

This initial resource estimate 

demonstrates the size and strength of 

the Represa mineral system, which 

remains open for expansion in both 

strike directions and to depth. MAG 

Silver Corp. reported more positive 

results at its Juanicipio project, located 

in the vicinity of the Fresnillo district in 

the Zacatecas State. Drilling was performed 

on the Juanicipio vein located 

almost 1,000 m south of the Valdecañas 

vein. Four holes reportedly intercepted 

the vein westward along a 600- 

m strike. The best result from this latest 

drilling is a high-grade gold and silver 

intercept in Hole 20P, which cut 0.92 m 

@ 4.95 g/t Au, 115 g/t Ag, 1.19% Pb, 

and 2.89% Zn. MAG also reported the 

new Valdecañas vein resource estimation 

which includes infill-drilling done 

during 2008. The new 2009 independent 

resource estimate confirms Valdecañas 

as a world-class deposit with an indicated 

resource of 3.88 million tonnes 

(Mt) of 972 g/t Ag, 2.05 g/t Au, 2.10% 

Pb, and 3.76% Zn. There is an additional 

inferred resource (Valdecañas, 

footwall veins and the stockwork zone) 

of 8.24 Mt of 549 g/t Ag, 1.44 g/t Au, 

1.87% Pb, and 2.94% Zn. The total contained 

metals in the indicated resource 

are 121 Moz of silver, 255,000 ozof gold 

and 180 million pounds of lead and 

321 million pounds of zinc. The inferred 

resources contain an additional 145 

Moz of silver, 381,000 oz of gold and 

339 million pounds of lead and 534 

million pounds of zinc. 

Orko Silver Corp. announced another 

set of positive results from its ongoing 

diamond drilling program at La Preciosa 

project in Durango State. Drilling focused 

on the Martha vein reported high-grade 

cut in hole BP08-280 with 6.74 m @ 

1.111 g/t Au and 561.6 g/t Ag. Also of 

interest is hole BP08-278, which yielded 

5.10 m 1.004 g/t Au and 251.3 g/t Ag 

and hole BP08-325A, intercepting 6.47 

m @ 0.860 g/t Au and 421.5 g/t Ag. 

Orko has updated the estimated indicated 

resources for 10.637 Mt grading 

185 g/t Ag and 0.27 g/t Au for a total 

metal content of 63.23 Moz of silver and 

94,000 oz of gold and inferred resources 

of 12.087 Mt grading 200 g/t Ag and 0.25 

g/t Au for a contained metal of 71.754 

Moz of silver and 97,000 oz of gold. 

PERU 

As it is with most countries, the past 

four months have been turbulent for 

exploration and mining companies in 

Peru. Several mines suspended their 

operations due to falling prices of silver, 

zinc, and lead (e.g., Quiruvilca). Nevertheless, 

several exploration companies 

continue with their exploration programs. 

It is estimated that the investments 

for 2009 in the mining sector, 

only exploration would only reach 

US$100M for US$200M in 2008. On the 

other side, global mining investments 

in Peru are expected to nearly double to 

$2.78 billion in 2009, up from $1.4 billion 

reported in 2008, according to 

Energy and Mines Minister Pedro 

Sanchez. In 2008, was responsible for 

5% of the world’s exploration investment 

(source: Fraser Institute). 

Antares Minerals Inc. has completed 

the drilling of 9 additional holes from 

the Haquira East zone at the Haquira 

Cu-Mo-Au porphyry project with one 

hole intersecting 937.30 m with 1.14% 

Cu, 0.034% Mo and 0.10 g/t Au (1.42% 

CuEQ, hole AHAD-159). 

Compañia de Minas Buenaventura 

announced an agreement with Teck 

Cominco to purchase the 19.8% interest 

in Inversiones Colquijirca, the holding 

company that owns a 51.06% stake in 

Sociedad Minera El Brocal. Buenaventura 

will increase its economic interest 

in the common shares of Sociedad 

Minera El Brocal from 35.83 to 45.94% 

(4.46% of which are directly held, while 

41.47% are held through Inversiones 

Colquijirca). Buenaventura will pay 

Teck a total amount of US$35M. 

Southwestern Resources and Geoinformatics 

Exploration Inc. are planning 

a business combination by creating 

a new, Americas-based precious metals 

exploration and development company. 

The two companies have agreed 

to advance on a merger of equal basis. 

In Peru, Southwestern’s assets include 

an extensive land package with a number 

of joint-venture projects. The most 

advanced are the Millo gold-silver joint 

venture with Yamana Gold Inc. and 

the 50%-owned Liam gold-silver joint 

venture with Hochschild Mining plc. 

Southern Copper Corp is evaluating 

putting on hold or stopping it Peruvian 

Tia Maria project in Peru and has 

delayed spending at 

Toquepala mine 

to page 

expansion project. 

34 ... 

EXPLORATION REVIEWS


... from 33 



NORTHERN 

EURASIA 


Alexander Yakubchuk (SEG 1999 F) 

Orsu Metals Corp, London UK 

ayakubchuk@orsumetals.com 

Detailed information can be found at 

http://gold.prime-tass.ru 

RUSSIA: AN OVERVIEW 

The Russian government completed its 

revision of the Sukhoi Log gold deposit. 

The overall scale of this, one of the 

world’s largest undeveloped deposits, is 

2,956.4 t Au and 1,541 t Ag. The government 

designed a feasibility study 

which suggests an annual production of 

31 Mt of ore, including 14 Mt of highgrade 

ore and 17 Mt of low-grade ore. 

Annual gold production would amount 

to 57.9 t of gold and 18.3 t of silver, 

including 45.5t Au and 14.6t Ag from 

high-grade ore and 12.4t Au and 3.7t 

Ag from low-grade ore. 

A super-merger is proposed in the 

Russian metallurgy sector, involving 

Norilsk Nickel, Rusal, and Metalloinvest. 

Possible participation of Mechel 

in this combination has also been 

discussed. If successful, it may create 

one of the world’s largest mining 

companies. However, excessive debt 

of some of these companies and antimonopoly 

regulations may prevent 

this amalgamation. 

Despite the unfolding economic crisis, 

the Russian Ministry for Natural Resources 

is not considering the possibility 

of revising the timetable for geological 

exploration obligations by 2 to 3 years. 

PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH CENTER PROFESSIONAL WORKSHOP SERIES 

Precambrian Research Center 

University of Minnesota Duluth 


Professional Workshop on the 

Field, Petrographic, and 

Mineralization Characteristics of 

Mafic Layered Intrusions 

October 4 - 10, 2009 

University of Minnesota Duluth 

Duluth, Minnesota 

Includes: Topical Lectures on Physical and Chemical Attributes of MLI 

Virtual Field Trips on Classic Mineralized MLI 

Field Excursions and Core Examinations of Duluth Complex MLI 

Workshop Information and Registration Forms available at: 

www.d.umn.edu/prc/workshops 

NORTHWEST RUSSIA 

Barrick Gold and OJSC Pana have approved, 

with the Russian State Reserves 

Committee, the reserves (in Russian categories) 

of the Stillwater-style Fyodorova 

Tundra deposit (Murmansk) in the 

amount of ca. 100 Mt @ 0.35 g/t Pt, 1.4 

g/t Pd, and 0.09 g/t Au. The reserves 

also contain 0.078% Ni and 0.126% Cu. 

Barrick plans to commence PGE production 

at the Fyodorova Tundra deposit in 

2012, with the total estimated investments 

of US$770M. 

De Beers has declined to purchase of 

49.99% in OJSC Arkhangelskgeoldobycha 

from LUKOIL. Arkhangelskgeoldobycha 

owns the license for diamond 

exploration on the Verkhotin 

area. Last spring the parties agreed a 

US$225M deal. The deal was conditional 

and two of the agreed conditions 

have not been met. The deciding factor 

in canceling the deal was the global 

financial crisis. 

SIBERIA, RUSSIA 

Highland Gold completed the full volume 

of the 2008 program for the 

Taseevskoye development project. A 

study for the ZIF-1 tailings was submitted 

for approval to the State Reserves 

Committee for the Zabaikalsky Region, 

with approval expected in Q2 2009. 

FAR EAST, RUSSIA 

Polyus Zoloto and Kinross Gold Corp 

have signed a Letter of Intent to pursue 

the 51/49 joint development of the 

Nezhdaninskoye deposit in the Republic 

of Sakha (Yakutiya). Investment will 

amount to US$10M. If the transport and 

energy-supply aspects are resolved, this 

joint venture would 

produce its first 

gold by 2013, with 

annual production 

reaching 12 t Au. 

The project investment 

is estimated 

at US$1,000M. The 

Soviet reserves of 

Nezhdaninskoye 

are 530 t, but it is 

refractory, making 

it difficult to mine 

ore. However, the 

deposit was partially 

mined in the 

past. 

Silver Bear Resources 

Inc. has 

presented results of 

its 2008 geological 

exploration of the Mangazeya silver 

deposit in Yakutiya. Out of 80 drill 

holes, 73 were drilled on the Vertikalny 

zone. The best intercept was 7.2 m @ 

698 g/t Ag. In 2009, the company is 

planning to carry out a feasibility study 

of the project. During Q1 2010, Silver 

Bear intends to approve reserves of the 

Vertikalny zone, totaling up to 250 Moz 

Ag. 

Also in Yakutiya, GeoProMining 

acquired a Verkhne-Menkeche license 

at an auction by offering US$3.5M. 

Verkhne-Menkeche is situated 270 km 

northeast of the administrative center p. 

Khandyga. C1+C2 category reserves of 

the deposit are 137.8 kt Pb and 161.5 kt 

Zn. The deposit has also 662 kt Cd in 

C2 category. 

In Q1 2009, Polyus Zoloto will have 

announced a renewed project development 

plan for the Natalka deposit in 

Magadan. The goal is to reach full production 

capacity of 40 t (1.286 Moz) Au 

per annum by 2022. Previously this was 

scheduled for 2013. 

Polymetal announced its first resource 

estimate for the Birkachan deposit in 

Magadan, located 42 km north from 

Kubaka and previously partly mined by 

Kinross. In 2008, the company completed 

11,440 m of drilling in 45 holes. 

The deposit has 17.51 Mt @ 2.4 g/t Au 

and 11.8 g/t Ag for 1.378 Moz Au and 

6.629 Moz Ag in indicated and inferred 

categories for potential open pit and 

underground operations. Mineralization 

remains open in one direction 

along strike and a further 3,000 m of 

diamond drilling and 2,000 of RC 

drilling are planned for 2009. 

In 2009, Polymetal is also planning 

to carry an exploration work at the 

Oroch deposit, situated 120 km south of 

Kubaka. In February 2009, the company 

announced an estimated 1.93 Mt 

@ 3.3 g/t Au and 167 g/t Ag for 0.201 

Moz Au and 10.34 Moz Ag in indicated 

and inferred categories for a potential 

open pit operation. 

Polymetal has also won an auction 

for the Burgali Au-Ag license area in 

Magadan, with a potential P3 category 

resource of 40 t Au (grading 15.7 g/t 

Au) and 120 t Ag, by offering US$0.2M 

at auction. 

In Khabarovsk, Polymetal 

announced feasibility study results for 

the Albazino gold deposit. Probable 

reserves of the deposit are 15.1 Mt of ore 

@ 4.3 g/t for 2.1 Moz Au. The company 

announced a resource increase to 3 Moz 

Au and intends to further increase it to 

5 Moz Au by the time of production in


Q4 2010. The deposit has refractory ores 

which would be processed with a flotation 

plant, treating 1.5 Mt/year, and a 

POX plant. Total cost of the project is 

estimated at US$220M. 

Fortress Minerals Corp has completed 

the first tranche under the earlier 

announced additional share issue to 

raise CAD$3.25M (US$2.6M). The company 

is carrying out geological exploration 

at the Svetloe deposit in 

Khabarovsk Krai. Fortress has calculated 

over 1.1 Moz Au @ 2.11 g/t Au in 

this high-sulfidation epithermal deposit. 

The larger part of the resources is in the 

Elena zone (12.2Mt @ 2.1g/t Au). 

Highland Gold submitted a resource 

report for Belaya Gora, Khabarovsk, to 

the State Committee on Reserves of the 

Russian Federation (GKZ). Depending 

on cutoff ore grades of 2.5 to 3.5 g/t Au, 

the calculated reserves range from 26.8 

to 30.4 t Au. 

Kamgold announced results of 2008 

exploration in Kamchatka. The company 

conducted 13,600 m of drilling 

and over 50,000 m 3 of surface trenching 

at the Kumroch and Baranievskoe 

deposits. Mineralized zones at Kumroch 

were explored by drill holes placed at 

intervals of 65 to 90 m along strike. On 

the Baranievskoe deposit, the company 

has revised morphology of orebodies 

and collected bulk technological samples. 

The deposits occur in the Balkhach ore 

cluster, with recently approved C1+C2 

reserves of 34.6 t Au at Baranievskoe, 

3.6 t Au at Kungurtsevskoe, and 1.1 t 

Au at Uglovoe deposits. 

KAZAKHSTAN 

Cigma Metals Corporation announced 

the results of the 12 diamond drill hole 

program at the Berezki East prospect in 

northern Kazakhstan. The best intercepts 

include 112 m @ 1.61 Au eq from 

surface and 136 m @ 1.15 g/t Au eq. In 

total, 3,950 m were drilled to an average 

depth of 330 m. 

Orsu Metals Corporation has 

reviewed reserves of its Varvarinskoye 

Cu-Au mine in northern Kazakhstan. 

The reserves were decreased to 10.43 Mt 

of float ore grading 1.43 g/t Au for 0.48 

Moz Au and 0.66% Cu for 151 Mlb Cu. 

The deposit also hosts 25.99 Mt of 

leachable ore grading 1.14 g/t Au to 

contain additional 0.855 Moz. 

KYRGYZSTAN 

Highland Gold completed 5,200 m of 

RC drilling and 1,500 m of diamond 

drilling at the two prospects of Unkurtash 

and Karatube. Positive assay results 

received to date corroborate the previous 

model that the combined potential 

of the whole project amounts to no less 

than 3.3 Moz Au with ore grading 1.5 to 

1.8 g/t Au. 

Orsu Metals Corp announced additional 

exploration results for the Taldybulak 

Cu-Au porphyry. The better intercepts 

include 138 m @ 1.8 g/t Au and 

0.14% Cu, 175.7 m @ 0.3 g/t Au and 

0.3% Cu, and also 90 m @ 0.7 g/t Au 

and 0.26% Cu. 

Kentor Gold has announced first 

inferred resource estimate for its 

Savoyardy deposit of 35.5 koz in 0.16 

Mt of ore at 6.76 g/t using a cutoff 

grade of 3 g/t Au. 

CONTIGUOUS 

UNITED STATES 


Roger C. Steininger (SEG 1978) 

Consulting Geologist 

3401 San Mateo Ave. 

Reno, NV 89509 

Tel. 775-323-7775 Fax 775-323-1134 

E-mail: audoctor@aol.com 

Newmont, through its partner Fronteer 

Development, reports that drilling at 

Sandman (Humboldt County, NV) 

identified “wide intervals of gold mineralization 

with high-grade zones,” many 

of which are near-surface. Fronteer also 

has a great PowerPoint presentation on 

its website that outlines the geology of 

the Long Canyon gold deposit (Elko 

County, NV). 

Victoria Gold reports new high-grade 

drill hole intercepts in the Helen zone, 

which is about 2,000 ft northwest of the 

Cove pit (Lander County, NV). 

Quaterra Resources announced new 

resource estimates for the MacArthur 

copper oxide-chalcocite deposit, and the 

nearby Gallagher sulfide copper deposit 

(Yerington district, NV). Apparently, 

there is also significant expansion 

potential at both deposits. On the other 

side of the Mason Valley, Nevada 

Copper keeps reporting interesting 

results from Pumpkin Hollow. Too bad 

for both of these companies that the 

price of copper is in the dumpster. 

Royal Gold reports that Barrick’s 

Crossroads gold deposit now has a 

reserve of 2.4 Moz. Crossroads is a short 

distance southeast of the South Pipeline 

deposit (Lander County, NV). I can remember 

when its surface expression was 

a weak (maybe) geophysical anomaly 

covered by gravel. The lesson learned is 

to pay attention to those subtle geophysical 

anomalies on the pediments. 

Just up the road, Coral Gold continues 

to pound away at the Robertson property 

and released the results of the 2008 

drilling program, including a “Carlinstyle 

geochemical anomaly” in lower 

plate carbonates, below the Roberts 

Mountains fault. Drilling companies 

love to see these kinds of results, since 

more deep drilling will be required. 

Evolving gold continues to expand 

the deep gold zone at Rattlesnake 

Hills, WY, and may have encountered a 

shallower zone starting about 14 m 

below the surface. This is an alkali gold 

system, apparently similar to many 

others within the eastern Rocky 

Mountains of North America. 

Rare Element Resources reports successful 

drilling results from its rare earth 

element deposit at Bear Lodge, WY. 

Grades appear to be “economically 

attractive.” 

Entrée Gold apparently discovered a 

porphyry copper-gold system near Lordsburg, 

NM. Four holes encountered chalcopyrite 

and bornite, with gold, starting 

about 500 ft downhole. To make up for 

the depth, the intercepts are low grade. 

Bolero Resources reported very encouraging 

results from the 2008 drilling 

program at Cannivan Gulch, MT, including 

one hole that contains 480 ft of 

0.12% Mo, starting from the surface, at 

the northeastern margin of the deposit. 

The Briggs gold mine (Inyo County, 

CA) returned to production recently, 

and anticipates producing 40,000 to 

50,000 oz of gold per year for at least 5 

years. Drilling is continuing with a view 

to expanding the resource base, including 

the recent discovery of the Briggs 

Main Deep zone. The news release also 

contains something I have never seen 

before, an estimate of diesel consumption 

per ounce of gold. Extending this 

approach there could be an entirely 

new parameter for measuring the success 

of exploration and development 

programs, such as number of temporary 

geologists consumed, pounds of 

computer paper produced, or number 

of assay labs used per ounce of gold (or 

whatever your favorite metal is) 

discovered. 

Romarco Minerals produced a feasibility 

study for the Haile gold deposit, SC. 

The estimate is that 128,000 oz of gold 

could be produced each year for about 

8 years. Meanwhile, drilling continues 

to identify additional mineralization 

outside the resource/reserve area. 1 

EXPLORATION REVIEWS


SEG MEMBERSHIP NEWS 

CANDIDATES FOR 1 FELLOWSHIP 

To All SEG Fellows: 

Pursuant to the Society’s Bylaws, names of the following candidates, who have been recommended for Fellowship by the Admissions 

Committee, are submitted for your consideration. Each applicant’s name and current position are followed by the names of their 

SEG sponsors. If you have any comments, favorable or unfavorable, on any candidate, you should send them, in writing before 

June 1st, 2009. If no objections are received by that date, these candidates will be presented to Council for approval. 

Address Comments To: 

Chair, SEG Admissions Committee 

SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS • 7811 Shaffer Parkway • Littleton, CO 80127 • USA 

Bhushan, Shibban K. RMMPL, Baldota Enclave, Hospet, India: 

Andrew E. Nevin, James H. Bright; 

Bowell, Robert J. SRK Consulting, Cardiff, United Kingdom: R. 

P. Foster, Christopher Davies; 

De Wit, Mike C.J. BRC Diamondcore Ltd., Irene, South Africa: 

Judith Kinnaird, Brian G. Hoal; 

Eliopoulos, Demetrios G. Institute of Geology and Mineral 

Exploration, Acharnia, Greece: Maria Economou-Eliopoulos, 

Stephanos P. Kilias; 

Maund, Nigel H. Cliff’s Asia Pacific Ltd., Perth, Australia: 

Nancy Reardon, David I. Groves; 

Pandalai, Hari S. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, 

Mumbai, India: Richard J. Goldfarb, David Leach; 

Singh, Narendra N. Indo Gold Resources Pvt. Ltd., Udaipur, 

India: Richard J. Goldfarb, Brian G. Hoal; 

Steinmann, Michael Pan American Silver Corp., Vancouver, 

Canada: William X. Chavez, Jr., Andrew Campbell. 

MEMBERSHIP 

The Society Welcomes 

The Following 

NEW1FELLOWS: 

Diamond, Larryn W., Institute of 

Geological Sciences, University of Bern, 

Switzerland; Freeze, Joanne C., Candente 

Resource Corp., Vancouver, Canada; 

Goryachev, Nikolay A., Russian Academy 

of Sciences, NEI Research Institute, 

Magadan, Russia; Lanfranchini, Mabel 

E., Instituto de Recursos Minerales Fac. de 

Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad 

Nacional de la Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; 

Merino-Marquez, Joaquin, Apogee 

Minerals Bolivia S.A., La Paz, Bolivia; 

Underwood, David T., Vegetation and 

Geological Services, Knysna, South Africa. 


The Following 

NEW1MEMBERS: 

Lucy F. Adelugba, Nigerian Geological 

Survey Agency, Abeokuta, Nigeria; 

Kristine M. Alvarez, Newmont Mining 

Corporation, Winnemucca, NV; Paul 

Armitage, NunaMinerals A/S, Rochester, 

Great Britain; Roderick S. Arnold, CSA 

Global, Ferndale, Australia; Hemant 

Azad, Indo Gold Mines Pvt. Ltd., Udaipur, 

India; Bridget A. Ball, M2 Technical 

Services Inc., Spokane, WA; Wiscort 

Banda, African Energy Resources Ltd., 

Chingola, Zambia; Michael J. Banks, 

Zedex Minerals Limited, Nelson, New 

Zealand; April A. Barber, Mountain Gold 

Exploration LLC, Reno, NV; Abdul Bari, 

PT. Minorco Services Indonesia, Bandung, 

Indonesia; Maria M. Barraza, BHP 

Billiton, Antofagasta, Chile; Aaron M. 

Bertram, Rio Tinto, Grimsby, Canada; 

Shibban K. Bhushan, RMMPL - Baldota 

Enclave, Hospet, India; Francois A. 

Bissonnette, Manicougan Minerals Inc., 

Gatineau, Canada; Joseph Booth, 

Macquarie Harbour Mining Ltd., New 

Town, Australia; Gary R. Brabham, De 

Grey Mining Ltd., Salter Point, Australia; 

Glenn R. Brown, Boswell Capital, Toronto, 

Canada; Thomas S. Bruington, International 

Finance Corporation, Fairfax, VA; 

Marc-Andre Brulotte, Freeport McMoRan 

Copper & Gold, Morenci, AZ; Julio C. 

Cahuana Cuba, Gold Fields - St. Ives Gold 

Mine, Kambalda, Australia; Peter Caristo, 

Newcrest Mining Ltd., Albion, Australia; 

Mauricio Castaneda, Anglo American 

Colombia Exploration, Bogota, Colombia; 

Henry S. Castillo, Agnico Eagle Mines 

Ltd., Vancouver, Canada; Brian R. 

Cellura, Miranda Gold, Elko, NV; Pierre 

E. Charlent, R2M SARL, Antananarivo, 

Madagascar; Robert Cloutier, Royal 

Nickel Corporation, Amos, Canada; 

Claudio Cornejo, Xstrata Copper Chile, 

Santiago, Chile; Louis Covello, Yellowknife, 

Canada; Juan Carlos Cuellar 

Quispe, Hochschild Mining PLC, Lima, 

Peru; Christopher M. Dail, CMD Consulting, 

Spokane, WA; Philip R. Davies, 

Allied Gold Ltd., Toowong, Australia; 

Sophie Decree, Namur University, Namur, 

Belgium; Arturo G. Digdigan, Phu Bia 

Mining, Ltd., Zamboanga City, Philippines; 

Kathleen Tosco Digdigan, Phu Bia 

Mining Ltd., Zamboanga City, Philippines; 

William T. Dodge, Consultant Geologist, 

Glendale, AZ; Ross Faichney, Pan 

Australia P/L, Sydney, Australia; Yana 

Fedortchouk, Dalhousie University, 

Halifax, Canada; Qin Feng, Institute of 

Geology and Geophysics, Beijing, China; 

Tyler R. Fiolleau, Cameco Corporation, 

Saskatoon, Canada; Etienne Forbes, 

Geoforbes Services Inc., Sept Iles, Canada; 

John A. Forwood, RMB Resources Ltd., 

Melbourne, Australia; Tara French, Regis 

Resources, Perth, Australia; Akinlolu H. 

Funmilayo, Nigerian Geological Survey 

Agency, Abuja, Nigeria; Christopher G. 

Galbraith, Halifax, Canada; Christopher 

H. Gammons, Montana Tech, Butte, MT; 

Samuelle Gariepy, Golder Associates, 

Burnaby, Canada; John F. Gartner, Prime 

Meridian Resources Corp., Three Lakes, 

WI; Lexrodger Geraghty, Ivanhoe Nickel 

and Platinum (SA) Ltd., Lyttelton, South 

Africa; Rene I. Gonzales, PT. Minorco 

Services Indonesia, Quezon City, Philippines; 

Aquiles A. Gonzalez, Antofagasta 

Minerals, Santiago, Chile; Alistair J. 

Grahame, China Yunnan Copper Australia 

Ltd., Charters Towers, Australia; 

Zeitel N. Gray, Newmont Mining Corp., 

Elko, NV; Julian D. Green, GeoQuest Ltd., 

Lusaka, Zambia; Wesley Groome, Newcrest 

Mining Ltd., Orange, Australia; John 

D.J. Guo, Royal Nickel Corporation, Amos, 

Canada; Amanda A. Gurske, Cleveland- 

Cliffs Northshore Mining, Babbitt, MN; 

Adolfo A. Gutierrez, Universidad Nacional 

de Tucuman, San Miguel de Tucuman, 

Argentina; Alexandra K. Guy, AngloGold 

Ashanti - Cripple Creek & Victor Gold 

Mine, Woodland Park, CO; Jacob J. 

Hanley, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, 

Canada; Tomschi Hanspeter, HPC 

Harress Pickel Consult AG, Wuppertal, 

Germany; Bruce G. Harris, Bangkok, 

Thailand; Joshua P. Hattingh, Rock and


Stock Investments (Pty) Ltd., Beestekraal, 

South Africa; Arthur Haugen, Jr., Superior, 

WI; Seth Henry, Freeport McMoRan, Inc., 

Safford, AZ; Andri T. Hidayat, PT. 

Minorco Indonesia Services, Bandung, 

Indonesia; R. John Hiles, Newcrest 

Mining Ltd., East Ballina, Australia; 

Sitshengiso Hlabangana, AMC Zambia, 

Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Curt E. Hogge, 

Nevoro Inc., Billings, MT; Paul W. 

Hohbach, Paul Hohbach & Associates, 

Denver, CO; Peter J. Holland, Vector 

Engineering, Grass Valley, CA; Glen L. 

House, Vale Inco, Thompson, Canada; 

William A. Howell, Surrey, Canada; 

Jonathon Hoye, Rangott Mineral Exploration 

Pty Ltd., Orange, Australia; Michael 

P. Hunerlach, U. S. Forest Service, Folsom, 

CA; Gary T. Hurst, Goldcorp Inc., 

London, Great Britain; Igor D. Jaramillo, 

AOA Geophysics Inc., Houston, TX; Zang 

Jishou, Yunnan Geological Bureau, Puer, 

China; Shellie-Ann M. Jober, Diamonds 

North Resources, Jasper, Canada; 

Adekunle A. Joda, Nigerian Geological 

Survey Agency, Abeokuta, Nigeria; 

Nicholas L. Johnson, Canada Zinc Metals 

Corp., Kingston, Canada; Marthinus J. 

Jordaan, Songai Mining Corporation (Pty) 

Ltd., Melro Arch, South Africa; Gabe J. 

Jutras, Coast Mountain Geological Ltd., 

Vancouver, Canada; Pascal L. Kabilo, 

LIHIR Gold Limited, Port Moresby, Papua 

New Guinea; F. Jahn Kruger, GeoActiv 

Pty. Ltd., Walkerville, South Africa; 

Jordan E. Laarman, East West Resource 

Corporation, Thunder Bay, Canada; 

Gilbert Lamothe, G.L. Geoservice Inc., 

Rouyn-Noranda, Canada; Stacey E. 

Leichliter, AngloGold Ashanti - Cripple 

Creek Victor Mine, Woodland Park, CO; 

Wendy S. Lewis, Fulcrum Graphic 

Communications Inc., North Vancouver, 

Canada; Paul L. Linton, AngloGold 

Ashanti, Great Brak River, South Africa; 

Zhao Liqing, Barrick Power Gold 

Corporation of China Ltd., Beijing, China; 

Vladimir A. Lisitsin, Geoscience Victoria 

Dept. of Primary Industries, Melbourne, 

Australia; Jenny V. Love, Turnbridge 

Wells, Great Britain; Florian Lowicki, 

DMT, Essen, Germany; Alexander Ylagan 

Madera, Freeport-McMoRan Exploration 

Corp., Cebu City, Philippines; Brian T. 

Malahoff, Minera Andean de Bolivia, 

Richmond, Canada; Mark A. Manly, 

Phoenix Copper Limited, Mt. Barker, 

Australia; Deng Mingguo, Kunming 

University of Science and Technology, 

Kunming, China; James B. Moore, 

Michigan Technological University, 

Hancock, MI; Larriana M. Morgan, Rio 

Tinto Exploration, Brisbane, Australia; 

Shadi Morton, Salmon Arm, Canada; 

Eugene E. Mullenmeister, Shaw 

Environmental & Infrastructure, 

Vacaville, CA; Dougal C. Munro, 

Newcrest Mining Ltd., Orange, Australia; 

Jean-Felix E. Mupande, Cadastre Minier, 

Kinshasa, The Dem. Rep. of the Congo; 

Frederick Nhiwatiwa, Discovery Metals 

Ltd., Gaborone, Botswana; Timoteo E 

Nillos, Christopher James Gold Corp., 

Richmond, Canada; Myron J. Osatenko, 

Serengeti Resources, Delta, Canada; 

Abdul Osman Kenan, Council for 

Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa; Hari S. 

Pandalai, Indian Institute of 

Technology–Bombay, Mumbai, India; 

James F. Park, Prescott Valley, AZ; 

Andrew F. Pedley, Northlands, South 

Africa; Jennifer A. Pell, Peregrine 

Diamonds Ltd., Vancouver, Canada; 

Serge Perreault, SOQUEM Inc., Val D’Or, 

Canada; Larry R. Pilgrim, Rambler 

Metals and Mining, Baie Verte, Canada; 

Immandi V.V.S.V. Prasad, Adi Gold 

Mining Pvt. Ltd., Askote, India; Eric C. 

Prosh, Government of Nunavut, Iqaluit, 

Canada; Stephane J. Rey, LGL, Abidjan, 

Cote d’Ivoire; Alex D. Richards, Rio Tinto, 

Perth, Australia; Larry J. Robinson, Metal 

Mine Finders Pty. Ltd., Manly, Australia; 

Eric Roth, AngloGold Ashanti Ltd., 

Johannesburg, South Africa; Martin J. 

Schaffranek, The Grocers Supply Co., 

Houston, TX; Hendrik Schloemann, Gold 

Stone Resources, Cape Town, South Africa; 

Robert J. Scott, CODES, Hobart, Australia; 

Roger N. Sharpe, Quantec Geoscience 

USA, Reno, NV; Brenton D. Siggs, Reefus 

Geology Services, Kalgoorlie, Australia; 

Narendra N. Singh, Indo Gold Resources 

Pvt. Ltd., Udaipur, India; Xiaoming Sun, 

Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou, 

China; Ye Myint Swe, Yangon University 

Applied Geology Department, Yangon, 

Myanmar; David A. Talbot, Dundee 

Capital Markets, Toronto, Canada; Helen 

S. Tomkins, MM Mining Pty. Ltd., Mt. Isa, 

Australia; Jeronimo Valencia, AngloGold 

Ashanti, Manizales, Colombia; Ben M. 

Vallerine, Black Range Minerals, Golden, 

CO; Franck Valli, Valli Consulting 

Geologist, Paris, France; Maria E. 

Vazquez Jaimes, Maxwell Geoservices, 

Burnaby, Canada; Geraldo G. Vieira Dos 

Santos, Coffey Mining, Belo Horizonte, 

Brazil; Zhihuan Wan, Vancouver, 

Canada; Michael D. Ware, Geological & 

Ceramic Services Pty. Ltd., Hawthorndene, 

Australia; Charles D. Watts, Ferndale, 

WA; William F. Webb, Amarillo, TX; 

Karen J. Wenrich, Wenrich Consulting 4 

U, Golden, CO; John R. Wilson, Animas 

Resources Ltd., Hermantown, PA; Michael 

J. Woodbury, European Goldfieds, Deva, 

Romania; Jiuhua Xu, University of 

Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, 

China; Chuandong Xue, Kunming 


Kunming, China; Paul Asthor D. Yecyec, 

Phu Bia Mining, Pagadian City, 

Philippines; Alexandre Zagorevski, 

Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, 

Canada; Zhaochong Zhang, China 

University of Earth Geosciences, Beijing, 

China; Qionghua Zuo, Yunnan 

Vocational College of Land Resources, 

Kunming, China. 


The Following 

NEW1STUDENT MEMBERS: 

Farhang Aliyari, Tarbiat Modares University, 

Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; 

Samuel Angiboust, Universite Pierre et 

Marie Curie, Paris, France; Jonathan 

Bachtel, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, 

Canada; Nelson F. Bernal, University of 

Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Fiona C. 

Best, University of Tasmania-CODES, 

Hobart, Australia; Xiongfei Bian, Kunming 


Kunming, China; Reginald N. Boryor, 

New Mexico Institute of Mining and 

Technology, Socorro, NM; Stephanie M. 

Boucher, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, 

Canada; Jeffrey S. Callicoat, Kansas State 

University, Manhattan, KS; Laureen 

Carpentier-de-France, LaSalle Beauvais, 

Rang-du-Fliers, France; Ricardo Castedo, 

Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Hoyo 

de Manzanares, Madrid, Spain; Federico 

Cernuschi, Oregon State University, 

Corvallis, OR; Sujuan Chang, Kunming 


Kunming, China; Jie Cheng, Kunming 


Kunming, China; Lindsey V. Clark, University 

of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia; 

Jodi D. Cross, University of British 

Columbia, Halfmoon Bay, Canada; Julie- 

Anais Debreil, INRS - ETE, Quebec, 

Canada; Glen A. Diemar, University of 

Western Australia, Sydney, Australia; Tao 

Dong, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Jeffrey C. 

Edelen, Midway Gold Corp., Lovelock, 

NV; Ming Fang, Kunming University of 

Science and Technology, Kunming, China; 

William N. Gallin, University of Utah, 

Salt Lake City, UT; Richard M. Gaschnig, 

Washington State University, Pullman, 

WA; Evan Gearity, Montana State University, 

Bozeman, MT; Ronan J. Geoghegan, 

University of British Colombia, Vancouver, 

Canada; Taryn R. Gray, Saint Mary’s 

University, Halifax, Canada; Ningning 

Guo, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Alexander 

P. Gysi, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 

Iceland; Yan Wei Han, Kunming University 

of Science and Technology, Kunming, 

China; Ying Han, Kunming University of 


Bai Wu Hao, Kunming University of 


Jessica S. Hark, Kent State University, 

Kent, OH; Thomas Hawkins, The Natural 

History Museum, London, Great Britain; 

Eric D. Herth, Colorado State University, 

Fort Collins, CO; Beiming Hu, Sun Yatsen 

University, Guangzhou, China; Yiduo 

Hu, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Yongbin 

Hu, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, 

China; Qin Huin to page 38 ... 

MEMBERSHIP


... from 37 

SEG Membership News (Continued) 

MEMBERSHIP 

Huang, Kunming University of Science 

and Technology, Kunming, China; 

Florian M. Huthmann, Colorado School 

of Mines, Leipzig, Germany; Runtang 

Jian, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Yingfei 

Jiang, Kunming University of Sciene and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Li Jing, 

Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Michael J. 

Kallstrom, University of Texas, Austin, 

TX; Nicholas J. Kerr, University of Utah, 

Park City, UT; Janine Kottke-Levin, 

University of the Free State, Hassel, 

Germany; Pamela Lagrava, Colorado 

School of Mines, Golden, CO; Dave 

Larimer, University of Alaska - Fairbanks, 

North Pole, AK; Julie E. Leibold, Colorado 

School of Mines, Lakewood, CO; Mariana 

M. Leite, Universidade Federal de Minas 

Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Francois 

Lemoal, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle 

Beauvais, Venables, France; Bo Li, 


Technology, Kunming, China; Lianzhi Li, 


Technology, Kunming, China; Zhenzhen 

Li, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Jian Nan 

Liu, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Xuelong 

Liu, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Yanan Liu, 

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 

Jun Lu, China University of GeoScience 

Beijing, China; Yongjun Lu, University of 

Western Australia, Perth, Australia; 

Kathryn A. Lucas, University of British 

Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Siliang 

Luo, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Jennifer L. 

Manion, Washington State University, 

Pullman, WA; Angela C. Marshall, 

Wollongong, Australia; Lazarus B. 

Mbinkar, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, 

Cameroon; Scott A. McFadden, Ankeny, 

IA; Emmi V. Miettinen, Helsinki University, 

Helsinki, Finland; Wang Min, 

Guizhou Geological Survey, Guiyang, 

China; David R. Mole, University of 

Western Australia, Crawley, Australia; 

Leah H. Moore, University of Western 

Australia, Perth, Australia; Robert 

Morden, Laurentian University, Sudbury, 

Canada; Stephanie Mrozek, University of 

Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK; Carlos 

M. Munoz Taborda, Universite du Quebec 

a Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Canada; 

Ghasem Nabatian, Tarbiat Modares 

University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of 

Iran, Edward W. Nelles, Laurentian 

University, Vancouver, Canada; Moise L. 

Ngue Djon, Universite du Quebec a 

Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Canada; Owen 

G. Nicholls, Colorado School of Mines, 

Denver, CO; Erik Nordfeldt, Stockholm 

University, Stockholm, Sweden; Ikenna T. 

Oramah, University of Alberta, Edmonton, 

Canada; Brian K. Perttu, University of 

Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK; Nino V. 

Popkhadze, Ministry of Education & 

Science of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; 

Adriana Potra, Florida International 

University, Miami, FL; Hongying Qu, 

Technical University of Clausthal, 

Clauthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; Fabien 

Rabayrol, LaSalle Beauvais, Auvers St. 

Georges, France; Elisabeth Riedler, 

Montanuniversitat Leoben, Leoben, 

Austria; Sandra E. Robles-Cruz, 

Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 

Spain; Vivian M. Ruiz, University of 

Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico; Liang 

Shentu, Kunming University of Science 

and Technology, Kunming, China; Zhang 

Shiqiu, Kunming University of Science 

and Technology, Kunming, China; Paul 

R. Slezak, New Mexico Institute of Mining 

and Technology, Socorro, NM; William A. 

Starkel, Washington State University, 

Pullman, WA; Hongying Sun, Sun Yatsen 

University, Guangzhou, China; Guo 

Tang, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Pingzhi 

Tang, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Dominique 

Tanner, The Australian National 

University, Canberra, Australia; Kevin D. 

Tarbert, Washington State University, 

Pullman, WA; Chrystelle R.M. Thibault 

Boyer, University of Ottawa, Gatineau, 

Canada; Robert Thorne, University of 

Southampton, Southampton, Great 

Britain; Greg W.H. van Hees, University 

of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Carlos A. 

Vargas, New Mexico Institute of Mining 

and Technology, Socorro, NM; Sebastien 

Vigneau, Universite du Quebec at 

Chicoutimi,Chicoutimi, Canada; Jinjin 

Wang, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Quangqiang 

Wang, Kunming University of 


Aiying Wei, Kunming University of 


Huixiao Wei, Sun Yat-sen University, 

Guangzhou, China; Mingming Wei, 


Technology, Kunming, China; Stefanie 

Weise, University of Witwatersrand 

Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South 

Africa; Matt T. Weisenberger, University 

of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI; 

Alistair J. White, University of Oxford, 

Oxford, Great Britain; Sonja C. 

Wiedmann, Wayne State University, 

Sterling Heights, MI; Benjamin Wieser, 

Montanuniversitat Leoben, Leoben, 

Austria; Zhongwei Wu, Sun Yat-sen 

University, Guangzhou, China; Wang 

Xiaolan, Kunming University of Science 

and Technology, Kunming, China; Yong 

Yang, Kunming University of Science and 

Technology, Kunming, China; Chengli Yi, 


Technology, Kunming, China; Haijan Yu, 


Technology, Kunming, China; Osbaldo 

Zamora Vega, University of Alberta, 

Edmonton, Canada; Aikui Zhang, Qing 

Hai Geological Survey, Xi Ning, China; 

Hao Zhang, Kunming University of 


Xiaoping Zhang, Kunming University of 


Jun Zhu, Kunming University of Science 

and Technology, Kunming, China; 

Mingbo Zhu, Kunming University of 


Xiangping Zhu, Chinese University of 

Geosciences, Changdu, China. 1 

SEG Members – 

Upgrade to Fellow! 

Increase your status at no cost and help 

the SEG at the same time 

Benefits of Fellowship 

• Put the SEG Fellow designation on 

your résumé 

• Sponsor other professionals to join 

the Society 

• Become involved in SEG governance 

by serving on a committee 

or standing for election 

Eligibility 

• Nominee has had a minimum of 

eight years of professional experience, 

including not less than five 

years of work principally devoted to 

economic geology, three of which 

must have been in positions of 

responsibility. Consideration will 

be given to work of an individual 

in research or as a teacher of economic 

geology. Download application 

form at . 

• Two SEG Fellows to serve as primary 

and secondary sponsors 

SEG’s Goal 

With a greater pool of Fellows, SEG 

can increase the diversity of its leaders, 

better meet the needs of members 

in all locations, and evolve into an 

organization truly representative of 

its varied components.


Calling all alumni and friends of CODES to a special symposium 

CODES 

20 Years 

3–6 December 2009 

This year marks CODES' 20th anniversary. 

CODES 

As part of our activities to celebrate this landmark event, we are holding a special symposium entitled CODES – The First 20 Years. 

People 

This will provide a great opportunity to catch up with old acquaintances and colleagues and to join us in a celebration of the key 

milestones along our journey. 

This would not be a CODES symposium if it simply looked back and did not cover topics at the forefront of our profession. 

calibre of speakers to present on topics at the cutting edge of developments. And we will not be forgetting the social side of things, 

with a number of recreational events being planned for participants and their partners. 

For further information please visit: www.codes.utas.edu.au/20yrs 

CODES – the ARC Centre of Excellence in Ore Deposits at the University of Tasmania 


MEMBERSHIP

MEMBERSHIP 

40 SEG NEWSLETTER No 77 • APRIL 2009


MEMBERSHIP


John F. H. Thompson, President 

VP Technology and Development 

Teck Cominco Limited 

Suite 3300, 550 Burrard Street 

Vancouver BC Canada V6C 0B3 

Brian G. Hoal, Executive Director 

Harold J. Noyes, Treasurer 

7811 Shaffer Parkway 

Littleton, CO 80127-3732, USA 

SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS 

JANUARY 1, 2009 – DECEMBER 31, 2009 (or until December 31 st of the year listed) 

OFFICERS 

Jeffrey W. Hedenquist, President-Elect 

Neil Williams, Past President 

Douglas J. Kirwin, Vice President for Regional 

Affairs (2009 – 2011) 

Anthony C. Harris, Vice President for Student 

Affairs (2009 – 2010) 

SEG FOUNDATION 

Barton J. Suchomel, President 

SEG PUBLICATIONS BOARD Chair 

Stuart F. Simmons 

Society of Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits 

David I. Groves, President 

Jan Pas˘ava, Executive Secretary 

COUNCILORS 

2009 

Sarah-Jane Barnes 

José A. Perelló 

Yasushi Watanabe 

2010 

Benoît Dubé 

Ferenc Molnár 

Ricardo D. Presnell 

2011 

Lucy H. Chapman 

Jeff L. Doebrich 

Stephen J. Piercey 

PUBLICATIONS BOARD 

2009 

Murray W. Hitzman 

Stuart F. Simmons, Chair 

2010 

Stephen E. Kesler 

François Robert 

2011 

David L. Kelley 

Richard J. Goldfarb 

Brian G. Hoal, ex officio 

Lawrence E. Meinert, Economic Geology Editor 

REGIONAL 

VICE PRESIDENTS 

2009 

Xuanxue Mo – Asia 

Timothy Baker - Australasia 

2011 

Paul A. Nex– Africa 

Maria Boni – Europe 

Francisco I. de Azevedo – Latin America 

Nikolay A. Goryachev – North Eurasia 

COMMITTEES 

MEMBERSHIP 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

John F. H. Thompson, Chair 

Jeffrey W. Hedenquist 

Douglas J. Kirwin 

Harold J. Noyes 


Neil Williams 


AUDIT COMMITTEE 

Gary C. Huber, Chair 

Donald J. Baker 

Leendert G. Krol 

BUDGET COMMITTEE 

Harold J. Noyes, Chair 

Barton J. Suchomel 



COMMITTEE ON COMMITTEES 

Carolyn D. Anglin, 2009 Chair 

Robert P. Moritz, 2009 

John Mavrogenes, 2009 

Glenton J. Masterman, 2009 

M. Stephen Enders, 2009 

Yasushi Watanabe, 2009 

DISTINGUISHED LECTURER COMMITTEE 

T. Campbell McCuaig, 2009 Chair 

Robert J. Bodnar, 2011 

Catharine E. Farrow, 2010 

Keenan Jennings, 2009 

Glenton J. Masterman, 2009 

César E. Vidal, 2010 

FELLOWSHIP ADMISSIONS COMMITTEE 

Anne J. B. Thompson, 2009 Chair 

Christopher J. Carlon, 2009 

David A. Giles, 2010 

Francesco M. C. Pirajno, 2011 

Ricardo D. Presnell, 2010 

Toru Shimizu, 2010 

Patrick J. Williams, 2010 

INVESTMENT COMMITTEE 

George R. Ireland, 2009 Chair 

Neil D. Adshead 2009 

Donald J. Baker, 2009 

Christopher E. Herald, 2009 

Gary C. Huber, 2009 

Jeffrey R. Huspeni, 2009 

Barton J. Suchomel, 2009 

Harold J. Noyes, ex officio 


LINDGREN AWARD COMMITTEE 

Richard J. Herrington, 2009 Chair 

Nicolas J. Beukes, 2010 

Craig J.R. Hart, 2010 

Keiko H. Hattori, 2010 

Stephen J. Jensen, 2009 

Richard H. Sillitoe, 2011 

NOMINATING COMMITTEE 

Neil Williams, 2009 Chair 

Murray W. Hitzman, 2009 

James M. Franklin, 2009 

Alan D. Goode, 2009 

Vanessa Lickfold, 2009 

Ricardo D. Presnell, 2009 

Francisco I. de Azevedo, 2009 

STUDENT AFFAIRS COMMITTEE 

Anthony C. Harris, 2009-2010 Chair 

Regina M. Baumgartner, 2011 

David W. Broughton, 2010 

Lucy H. Chapman, 2009 

Michael S. Fulp, 2011 

Fernando J. Henriquez, 2010 

Peter J. Wormald, 2010 

PROGRAM COMMITTEE 

STEERING COMMITTEE 

Neil Williams, 2009 Chair 

Anthony C. Harris, 2009-2010, ex officio 

Douglas J. Kirwin 2009-2011, ex officio 


PROGRAM COORDINATORS 

William X. Chávez, Jr., Field Trips 2009 

Richard J. Goldfarb, Workshops 2009 

John H. Dilles, GSA 2009 

Richard J. Goldfarb, SGA 2009 

Brian G. Hoal, Uranium 2009 

SOCIETY TRAVELING LECTURERS COMMITTEE 

Douglas J. Kirwin, ex officio, 2009-2011 Chair 

Christine A. Horrigan, Secretary 

International Exchange Lecturer Sub-Committee 

Karen D. Kelley, 2011 Coordinator 

Nick J. Badham, 2010 

Harold L. Gibson, 2010 

Stephen J. Turner, 2010 

Thayer Lindsley Visiting Lecturer Sub-Committee 

Par A. Weihed, 2011 Coordinator 

Edward M. (Max) Baker, 2011 

Jens Gutzmer, 2010 

Alan J. Wilson, 2011 

SEG FOUNDATION OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES FOR 2009 

Barton J. Suchomel, President 2009 

Craig S. Bow, 2009 

Leigh W. Freeman, 2009 

Charles H. Thorman, 2009, Secretary 

Jorge D. Benavides Alfaro, 2010 

Leendert G. Krol, 2010 

A. James Macdonald, 2010 

Donald J. Birak, 2011, Vice President 

A. Geoff Loudon, 2011 

Barton J. Suchomel, 2011 

R. Patrick Highsmith, 2012 

George R. Ireland, 2012 

Borden R. Putnam III, 2012 

David W. Broughton, 2013 

Sergei A. Diakov, 2013 

Joanne C. Freeze, 2013 

Harold J. Noyes, Treasurer, ex officio 

Ronald L. Parratt, Past President, ex officio 


SEG CANADA FOUNDATION 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

Gerald G. Carlson, SEGCF President 

Alex J. Davidson 

James M. Franklin 

Edward J. Reeve 

John F. H. Thompson, SEG 2009 President, 

ex officio (serving on the board until March 2010) 

Harold J. Noyes, SEG Treasurer, ex officio 

Brian G. Hoal, SEG Executive Director, ex officio


SEG 

Announcements 

& Deadlines 

Call for Nominations for Penrose and SEG 

Silver Medals and Marsden Award for 2009 

Nominations for the Society’s Penrose Gold and Silver Medals 

and the Marsden Award are due by September 1, 2009, for 

review by the SEG Council. Members and Fellows of the 

Society are urged to participate in this important process 

by nominating outstanding candidates for these 

prestigious honors. 

The SEG awards and nomination form may be obtained from 

the SEG website at . If you do not have access to our website, you may 

request a copy of the nomination form from SEG Headquarters. 

Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874; e-mail: 

seg@segweb.org. 

Send all nominations to: 

Society of Economic Geologists 

Attn: Awards Committee, Benoît Dubé, Chair 

7811 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO 80127-3732 U.S.A. 

Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874 

E-mail: seg@segweb.org (preferred method) 

Call for Nominations 

Lindgren Award for 2009 

The Society of Economic Geologists is soliciting nominations for 

the 2009 Lindgren Award. The Lindgren Award is offered annually 

to a geologist whose published research represents an outstanding 

contribution to economic geology. The contribution 

shall be measured by consideration of one to three papers published 

by age 35. The recipient must be less than 37 years of age 

on January 1 of the year in which the award is presented. The 

award shall not be restricted as to the candidate’s nationality, 

place of employment, or membership in the Society. 

The deadline for submitting nominations is August 31, 2009. 



Attn: Lindgren Award Committee, Richard J. Herrington, Chair 


Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874 


Call for Nominations 

SEG Distinguished Lecturer for 2009 

Now is the time to support your Society and reward a colleague 

by nominating him or her for the highly respected and widely recognized 

SEG Distinguished Lecturer Award. The 2009 nominee will 

be selected on the basis of his/her preeminence in economic geology 

in some phase of scientific research or application of the science 

to minerals exploration and/or development. See the list of 

previous winners at . Please include the following information with your 

nomination: name of nominee, nominee’s e-mail address, reason 

for nomination, brief bio of nominee, and confirmation that 

nominee is willing to be proposed. 

The deadline for submitting nominations is August 31, 2009. 



Attn: Distinguished Lecturer Committee, 

T. Campbell McCuaig, Chair 


Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874 


Call for Nominations for 

SEG Traveling Lecturers 

International Exchange Lecturer 

Thayer Lindsley Visiting Lecturer 

Regional Vice-President Lecturer 

International Exchange lecturers speak at sites selected for greatest involvement 

of industry, academic, and government geologists. Thayer 

Lindsley lecturers visit colleges and universities. Regional Vice-President 

lecturers mainly present within one or more of the SEG global regions. 

Travel support is provided by SEG for those who are chosen. 

To be selected, nominees must (1) have widely recognized expertise in 

a field of economic geology; (2) have known competence as a public 

speaker; and (3) be able to represent SEG as an enthusiastic and effective 

ambassador. 

Nominations can be made to the Chair of the relevant selection subcommittees 

or to Christine Horrigan at SEG Headquarters, christine 

horrigan@segweb.org. 

Chairpersons are listed below, followed by details of nomination 

submittal. 

International Exchange Lecturer: Karen D. Kelley 

Thayer Lindsley Visiting Lecturer: Par A. Weihed 

Regional Vice-President Lecturer: Douglas J. Kirwin 

Nominations should include a description of less than 300 words that 

specifies the nominee’s area of expertise and justifies his/ her capabilities 

with cited examples of excellence in lecturing. 

Nominations must be received no later than June 30, 2009 

SEG Bulletin Board 

Over the years, SEG members have requested assistance in finding a home 

for their Economic Geology collections. Many members have expressed a 

desire to donate their extensive collections to university libraries around the 

world offering courses and degrees in economic geology. In appreciation 

of these generous offers, the recipients agree to pay the shipping costs. To 

assist our members, the SEG will publish the names of those donors/members 

who would like to be contacted about their collections. Only names will 

be published. Interested members can find contact details by accessing the 

Membership Directory via the Members Login section on the SEG website. 

All communication and logistics regarding the transfer of materials from 

the donor to the recipient must be between the two parties involved. SEG’s 

only involvement will be the publication of member names on the SEG 

Bulletin Board. 

If you are interested in donating your Economic Geology collection 

and would like to have your name included in the next issue of 

the SEG Newsletter, please contact Christine Horrigan at 

. 


MEMBERSHIP


personal notes & news 

CAREER-RELATED 

CHANGES 

PETER BUCK (SEG 2005) has stepped down 

as managing director and CEO of Breakaway 

Resources Ltd and will remain 

involved as an independent consultant. 

CATHERINE FARROW (SEG 2004 F) has 

been named senior vice president, corporate 

development and technical services at 

FNX Mining Co. 

LEO HATHAWAY (SEG 1997) has been 

named vice president of exploration for 

Lumina Copper. 

SIEGFRIED MUESSIG (SEG 1957 SF) has resigned 

as a director of Yellowcake Mining. 

JEFFREY PONTIUS (SEG 1993 F) has been 

appointed a director of GoldSpring Inc. 

THOMAS (WAYNE) SPILSBURY (SEG 2000) 

has been appointed to the board and 

audit committee of Minco Silver Corp, 

subject to regulatory approval. 

PATRICK J. WILLIAMS (SEG 1986 F) has left 

his academic position at James Cook University 

(Townsville, Queensland) to focus 

on new roles as the director of a geoscientific 

consulting and research business and 

as joint chief editor of Mineralium Deposita. 

companies, including American Metals 

Climax for the 22 years leading up to 

retirement. During those years, he traveled 

to 31 countries on the job. Ora’s survivors 

include his wife, a son, Robert, and 

daughter, Karen. 

ERICH SCHROLL (SEG 1993) died in February 

2008. No additional information is 

available. 

DEATHS 

GLENN C. WATERMAN (SEG 1952 SF) of 

Bainbridge Island, Washington, died July 

10, 2008, at the age of 96. He retired from 

Anaconda Mining in 1974 after 40 years 

as a geologist, work that took him to 

many countries and led to numerous published 

articles. After moving to the Seattle 

area in 1985, he wrote 12 books filled with 

family history. He was preceded in death 

by his wife of 53 years, Judy. Survivors 

include two sons, Glenn and Gary. 

ALLEN V. HEYL (SEG 1955 SF) 

Contributed by Rebecca Jones 

Allen Heyl, 90, died October 24 at a hospice near his home in Evergreen, Colorado. 

Born April 10, 1918, in Allentown, Pennsylvania, Allen started his first rock collection 

at the age of 10. He received a bachelor’s degree from Pennsylvania State 

University in 1941 and then went to work for the U.S. Geological Survey in Wisconsin 

during World War II, helping to map and find deposits of lead and zinc for the war 

effort. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1950. Allen managed the 

Central Mineral Resources branch of the USGS in Washington, D.C., until moving to 

Colorado in 1968. He continued to work for the USGS until his retirement in 1990. 

Author of more than 230 technical papers, Allen discovered two mineral species, 

including aheylite, which was named for him. In addition, his work helped lead to the 

establishment of the USGS Eastern Earthquakes branch. He was a founding member of 

Friends of Mineralogy for the Colorado and Pennsylvania chapters and chairman and 

an honorary lifetime member of the International Association on the Genesis of Ore 

Deposits. 

MEMBERSHIP 

DEATHS 

ROBERT BIDDISON HALL (SEG 1965 LF) died 

December 27, 2008, in Denver, Colorado. 

He was 93. Born in Chicago, Illinois, Robert 

earned a master of science degree from 

Northwestern University and went to work 

for Blackhawk Consolidated Mining Company 

in Mogollon, New Mexico. He was 

drafted into service just before the United 

States entered World War II and then 

recalled to duty during the Korean conflict 

in 1952. Work for the U.S. Geological 

Survey was interrupted but Robert finished 

his career as a USGS employee. He also 

worked for the United Nations and for the 

U.S. State Department during mid-career 

years. He is survived by a son, James. 

WILLIAM G. JEFFERY (SEG 1962 SF) died on 

February 1, 2009. No additional information 

is available. 

ORA H. ROSTAD (SEG 1968 SF) died on 

November 23, 2008, at the age of 89. He 

was born and grew up in Big Timber, 

Montana, and graduated from Montana 

School of Mines in 1941 with a degree in 

geology. He married Marguerite Simonson 

in October of the same year. Work for 

Anaconda Mining ended when Ora was 

drafted into the Navy during World War II, 

after which he worked for many mining 

JAN KUTINA (SEG 1959 SF) 

1924–2008 

Contributed by Stephen Peters, Miroslav Stemprek, and Nigel Cook 

Jan Kutina had a long and distinguished career and is mostly 

known for his international work in ore deposit and metallogenic 

research through the International Association on the Genesis of 

Ore Deposits (IAGOD). 

Jan died August 14, 2008, at Holy Cross Hospital in Maryland. 

Born in 1924 in Prague, Jan completed his studies at the Charles 

University in Prague in 1949, with the degree in science and pharmacy and received 

the title CSc from the Charles University in 1957. He was awarded the title DrSc by the 

Academy of Science of the Czech Republic. Jan’s dissertation work dealt with the geochemistry 

of ore veins in the Kutná Hora district in central Bohemia and his main studies 

in Czechoslovakia were focused on the veins in the Príbram Pb-Zn district in central 

Bohemia, where he described and interpreted a complex evolution of infilling in ore 

veins. He contributed to the interpretation of coccade textures of ore veins in general 

and studied colloform textures of zinc sulfides. Jan made an especially significant contribution 

to the classification of zoning in hydrothermal ore deposits, in which he 

defined monoascendent and polyascendent zoning. 

Between 1964 and 1965, Jan helped organize the IAGOD, working closely with 

other scientists. He served as Secretary General of IAGOD from 1964 to 1969 and later 

was chairman of the IAGOD Commission on Tectonics of Ore Deposits (CTOD) and the 

Working Group of Global Tectonic and Metallogeny. 

Until 1968, Jan Kutina held an associate professorship at Charles University, Prague, 

Czechoslovakia. In 1968 he was invited to Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. 

Other positions Jan held included that of research professor at the American 

University, chief editor of the international journal, Global Tectonics and Metallogeny, 

and a faculty appointment with the U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. 

Jan spoke fluent English, Czech, German, and Russian, and he was the recipient of 

numerous awards and accolades. Jan is survived by his wife and son in Prague and his 

daughter, who lives in Toronto.


Geological Society of 

Nevada 2010 Symposium— 

Great Basin Evolution & Metallogeny 

May 14–22, 2010 – John Ascuaga’s Nugget, 

Reno/Sparks, Nevada 

ANNOUNCEMENT and 1st CALL FOR PAPERS 

The Geological Society of Nevada invites contributions for oral, poster, 

and core shack presentations covering a broad range of geological topics 

for its upcoming sixth symposium. This symposium’s focus will be on 

aspects of Great Basin evolution and metallogeny and will maintain a tradition 

of excellent oral and poster presentations followed by published 

symposium volumes, which emphasize descriptive accounts of ore 

deposits, and new ideas of how deposits formed, why they occur where 

they do, and how to find them. 

Oral and Poster presenters require preparation of an abstract and written 

paper to be peer-reviewed and later published in the Symposium 

Proceedings. Core shack presenters are welcome to submit abstracts and 

written papers, but are not required to do so. 

Draft abstracts up to 500 words should be submitted no later than 

April 30, 2009. Written papers should be 4 to 25 typed pages including 

figures and tables. Manuscripts are due August 31, 2009. 

Information for contributors is available on-line: SEG 

(http://www.gsnv.org/symposium/ author_guide Co-Sponsored 

lines/guidelines.aspx). Abstracts may be submitted 

on-line or via e-mail. Questions? Contact us at: 

symposium2010@gsnv.org 

BANDED IRON FORMATION-RELATED 

HIGH-GRADE IRON ORE 

Editors: Steffen Hagemann, Carlos Rosière, 

Jens Gutzmer, and Nicolas J. Beukes 

SEG Reviews volume 15 is a 

compilation of 16 papers by 

industry and research 

experts on high-grade iron 

orebodies. In the editors’ 

introduction, Hagemann et 

al. describe this as “a state 

of the art series of papers on 

established and new iron ore 

districts and deposits, the 

different components of the 

BIF iron mineral system, and 

how to best explore for this 

ore type.” 

The Society of Economic Geologists (SEG) 

thanks the volume sponsors: 

Rio Tinto Exploration, Companhia Vale Do Rio Doce, 

Kumba Iron Ore, Assmang, The Centre for Exploration 

Targeting at the University of Western Australia, 

The Paleoproterozoic Mineralization Research Group at 

the University of Johannesburg, and BHP Billiton. 

424 p., 53 color plates. 

Price: non-members, US$75.00; members, US$60.00 

Details and to order online: http://www.segweb.org/store/ 

2009 Xi’an Ni-Cu Symposium 

Research Progress on Magmatic Ni-Cu Sulfide Deposits: Mineralization in Small Intrusions and Conduits 

June 21-23, 2009 — Xi’an, China 

This conference will strive to bring together geoscientists from all over the world that share a common interest 

in the study of magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits. The meeting will provide a unique opportunity to exchange 

new ideas, to share achievements in the field of magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide ore systems (particularly those that 

occur in small intrusions and conduits), as well as to strengthen international collaboration. 

Topics 

Recent advances in experimental and theoretical 

studies of magmatic sulfide deposits 

Ni-Cu sulfide deposits related to magmatism 

during rifting and break-up of continents 

Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits in large layered 

intrusions 

Ni sulfide deposits associated with 

komatiites and anorthosite suites 

Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits hosted in 

dynamic, small mafic-ultramafic intrusions 

New frontiers of Ni-Cu-PGE deposits: 

oceanic plateaus, ophiolites in suprasubduction 

environments, and Alaskan-type 

mafic-ultramafic intrusions 

SEG Short Course/Workshop 

A two-day short course/SEG workshop on “Magmatic Sulfide Deposits: Theories, 

Genetic Models, and Exploration” will take place before the conference. Potential 

lecturers include Tony Naldrett, Ed Ripley, Sarah Barnes/Wolfgang Maier, Steve 

Barnes/Mike Lesher, Peter Lightfoot. Dr. Chusi Li (Indiana University, USA) is the 

short course coordinator. Tentative topics of the short course/SEG workshop are 

listed below. Please contact Dr. Chusi Li (cli@indiana.edu ) if you have a specific 

request for the short course. 

Theories (Tony Naldrett) 

Ni-Cu sulfide deposits associated with komatiites (Steve Barnes/Mike Lesher) 

Ni-Cu sulfide deposits in dynamic, small intrusions (Tony Naldrett/Chusi Li) 

PGE deposits in large layered intrusions (Wolfgang Maier/Sarah Barnes) 

Application of O, S and Re-Os isotopes (Ed Ripley) 

Application to global exploration (Peter Lightfoot) 

Details & Registration: 

ANNOUNCEMENTS



ANNOUNCEMENTS 

Economic & 

Environmental 

Geochemistry, Inc. 

Specializing in Geochemistry Applied to Mining 

Permitting, Development, Operations & Closure 


E 2 G 

Ron L. Schmiermund, Ph.D. 

655 Dudley St., Lakewood, CO 80215 

(303) 274-6910 cell (303) 437-6235 

E2Geochemistry.com 

PAID ADVERTISEMENT



Organized by Institute of 

Geology and Mineralogy, 

Siberian Branch of Russian 

Academy of Sciences 

The meeting is being organized by the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of 

Sciences, and co-sponsored by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), Centre for Russian and Central 

Eurasian Mineral Studies (CERCAMS), and International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits (IAGOD). 

SEG 

Co-Sponsored 

The Symposium will focus on the following topics: 

1. Nature, age, and duration of the formation of large igneous provinces (LIPs) of Asia. 

2. Modeling of processes involved in the formation and development of mantle plumes, mantle-crust interaction and 

associated mineral systems. 

3. Petrologic-geochemical aspects of formation of magmatic complexes within LIPs of Asia. 

4. Metallogenic specialization of LIPs and the role of mantle plumes in the formation of large and unusual mineral systems 

in Asia, such as magmatic Cu-Ni-Pt, hydrothermal Ni-Co-As, porphyry Cu-Mo, Au-sulfide, Hg, Au-Hg and rare 

metal deposits. 

5. The possible link of the largest magmatic events with natural disasters and global climate changes. 

A field trip, “Magmatism and metallogeny of the Tuva trough and associated fold belts” (including visits to Cu-Pb-Zn pyrite, porphyry 

Cu-Mo(Au), Zr, Ta, Nb – alkali metasomatites, Fe-F-REE carbonatite, Ni-Co-As-Ag-Au, Sb-Hg and other deposits, as well as manifestations 

of Early Mesozoic mafic, alkaline-mafic granitoid magmatism in this region) is scheduled to take place from 25 July - 5 August, 

at an estimated cost of €1300. 

Registration will close on May 1, 2009. Registration fees: €150 for conference participants, €100 for accompanying persons, and €50 

for students. For more information visit http://lip-asia.igm.nsc.ru 

Chairmen of Organizing Committee: Nikolai Dobretsov (IGM SB RAS, Novosibirsk) and Franco Pirajno (Geological Survey of Western 

Australia and The University of Western Australia) 

ANNOUNCEMENTS



Publications Order Form 

Full details on publications are available on-line at www.segweb.org / Publications 

 

 

TITLE LIST MEMBER 

PRICE PRICE 

GUIDEBOOK SERIES: 

GB 8: Industrial Mineral Resources of the Delaware Basin, 

Texas, and New Mexico. 1990, 203p. $24.00 $19.20 

GB 28: The Carlin-Type Gold Deposits Field Conference. 

1997, 294p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 29: Geology and Ore Deposits of the Oquirrh and Wasatch 

Mountains, Utah. 1997 (Revised 1998), 308p. $40.00 $32.00 

GB 30: Gold Deposits of Northern Sonora, Mexico. 1998, 252p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 31: Epithermal Mineralization of the Western 

Carpathians. 1999, 274p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 32: CD-ROM ONLY. PART I. Contrasting Styles of Intrusion- 

Associated Hydrothermal Systems. PART II. Geology & 

Gold Deposits of the Getchell Region. 2000, 234p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 33: CD-ROM ONLY. Svecofennian Ore-Forming Environments: 

Volcanic-Associated Zn-Cu-Au-Ag, Intrusion-Associated 

Cu-Au, Sediment-Hosted Pb-Zn, and Magnetite-Apatite 

Deposits of Northern Sweden. 2004, 175 p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 34: CD-ROM ONLY. Epithermal Gold Mineralization and 

Modern Analogues, Kyushu, Japan. 2001 188p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 35: PART I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the 

Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey 

Highlands. PART II. Environmental Geochemistry and 

Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the 

Vermont Copper Belt. 2001, 294p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 36: CD-ROM ONLY. Cretaceous Porphyry-Epithermal 

Systems of the Srednogorie Zone, Bulgaria. 2003, 132 p. $36.00 $28.80 

GB 37: CD-ROM ONLY. Lisbon Valley Sediment-Hosted Copper 

Deposits and Paradox Basin Fluids Field Trip. 2005, 50p. $25.00 $21.00 

GB 38: CD-ROM ONLY. Porphyry Molybdenum Deposits in 

Colorado: I. Climax Porphyry Molybdenum Deposit. II. 

Henderson Molybdenum Mine. Summary, road log, 9 reprints. $30.00 $24.00 

GB 39: CD-ROM ONLY. Terroir of Colorado’s Western Slope 

Vineyards. 30 p. $30.00 $24.00 

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY MONOGRAPH SERIES: 

EG Mono 9: Mineral Deposits of Alaska. 

1997, 483p., hard cover. $45.00 $36.00 

EG Mono 10: The Giant Kidd Creek Volcanogenic Massive 

Sulfide Deposit, Western Abitibi Subprovince, Canada. 

1999, hard cover. ADDITIONAL SHIPPING $60.00 $48.00 

EG Mono 11: Massive Sulfide Deposits of the Bathurst 

Mining Camp, New Brunswick, and Northern Maine. 


ECONOMIC GEOLOGY PUBLICATIONS: 

Tables for the Determination of Common Opaque Minerals. 

P.G. Spry and B.L. Gedlinske. CD-ROM ONLY. $12.50 $10.00 

The Hugo Dummett Memorial Economic Geology Archive: 

1905-2004. Complete, searchable digital files of 

v. 1 through 99 of the journal (DVD only; 5.2 GB). 

NOTE: This is NOT A CD-ROM; DVD drive required $1,500.00 $220.00 

Economic Geology 100 th Anniversary Volume. 2005, 

1136 p. hard cover; ADDITIONAL SHIPPING $100.00 $80.00 

2/09 

SEG CONFERENCE SERIES: (Note: CD-ROMs listed are not audio) 

Global Exploration 2002: Integrated Methods for Discovery 

Abstracts of Oral and Poster Presentations. 150p. $10.00 $ 8.00 

SEG 2004: Predictive Mineral Discovery Under Cover: 

Extended Abstracts. SEG and the Centre for Global 

Metallogeny (Australia). CD-ROM ONLY. $20.00 $16.00 

SEG Forum 2005: Controversies on the Origin of World-Class 

Gold Deposits: Carlin and Witwatersrand. CD-ROM ONLY. $20.00 $16.00 

SEG 2006: Wealth Creation in the Minerals Industry: 

Abstracts of Oral and Poster Presentations. 396p. $35.00 $28.00 

Keystone Conference DVD: Wealth Creation in the Minerals Industry (2006) 

PowerPoint presentations-audio/posters/extended abstracts (2Gb); PC Only 

Special Order: http://www.softconference.com/260514 or by calling 

Content Management at 800-747-8069. Price $370; Members $296 

NEW 


PRICE PRICE 

COMPILATIONS SERIES: 

Comp. 1. CD-ROM ONLY. Diamonds and Kimberlites: 1905–2007. $75.00 $60.00 

Comp. 2. CD-ROM ONLY. Uranium 1905-2007. $75.00 $60.00 

REVIEWS IN ECONOMIC GEOLOGY SERIES: 

Rev. 1: CD-ROM ONLY. Fluid-Mineral Equilibria in 

Hydrothermal Systems. 1984. $20.00 $16.00 

Rev. 2: CD-ROM ONLY. Geology and Geochemistry of 

Epithermal Systems. 1985. $20.00 $16.00 

Rev. 3: CD-ROM ONLY. Exploration Geochemistry: Design 

and Interpretation of Soil Surveys. 1986. $20.00 $16.00 

Rev. 4: CD-ROM ONLY. Ore Deposition Associated with 

Magmas. 1989. $20.00 $16.00 

Rev. 5: CD-ROM ONLY. Sedimentary and Diagenetic Mineral 

Deposits: A Basin Analysis Approach to Exploration $20.00 $16.00 

Rev. 6: The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits: 

PART A: Processes, Techniques, and Health Issues; 

PART B: Case Studies and Research Topics. 

1999, Volume set total 583p. ADDITIONAL SHIPPING $55.00 $44.00 

Rev. 7: Applications of Microanalytical Techniques to 

Understanding Mineralizing Processes. 1998, 271p. $34.00 $27.20 

Rev. 8: Volcanic-Associated Massive Sulfide Deposits: Processes 

and Examples In Modern And Ancient Settings. 1999, 416p. $40.00 $32.00 

Rev. 9: Ore Genesis and Exploration: The Roles of 

Organic Matter. 2000, 340 p. $49.00 $39.20 

Rev. 10: Techniques in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits Geology. 

1998, 264 p. $34.00 $27.20 

Rev. 11: Metamorphosed and Metamorphogenic Ore Deposits. 

2000, 310p. $44.00 $35.20 

Rev. 12: Application of Radiogenic Isotopes to Ore Deposit 

Research and Exploration. 1999, 208p. $32.00 $25.60 

Rev. 13: Gold In 2000. 2000. ADDITIONAL SHIPPING $69.00 $55.20 

Rev. 14: Structural Controls on Ore Genesis. 2001, 190p. $45.00 $36.00 

Rev. 15: Banded Iron Formation-Related High-Grade 

Iron Ore. 2008, 424p. $75.00 $60.00 

Rev. 16: Remote Sensing and Spectral Geology. 2009, 266p. $75.00 $60.00 

NEW 

NEW 

SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS SERIES: 

SP 1: CD-ROM ONLY. Geology and Metallogeny of Sulfide 

Deposits, Noril’sk Region, USSR. 1988; rev.1992. $36.00 $28.80 

SP 3: Ore Reserve Estimates in the Real World. 

Third Edition, 2002, 121p. $37.00 $29.60 

SP 4: Carbonate-Hosted Lead-Zinc Deposits. 


SP 5: CD-ROM ONLY. Andean Copper Deposits: New 

Discoveries, Mineralization, Styles and Metallogeny. 1996. $36.00 $28.80 

SP 6: CD-ROM ONLY. Southwest Pacific Rim Gold-Copper 

Systems: Structure, Alteration, and Mineralization. 1998. $36.00 $28.80 

SP 7: CD-ROM ONLY. Geology and Ore Deposits of the 

Central Andes. 1999, 368p. $38.00 $30.40 

SP 8: New Mines and Discoveries in Mexico and 

Central America. 2001, 362p. $68.00 $54.40 

SP 9: Integrated Methods for Discovery: Global Exploration 

in the 21st Century. 2002, 392p. $59.00 $47.20 

SP 10: Volcanic, Geothermal and Ore-Forming Fluids: 

Rulers and Witnesses of Processes within the Earth. 

2003, 360p. $59.00 $47.20 

SP 11: Andean Metallogeny: New Discoveries, Concepts, 

and Updates. 2004, 358p. $59.00 $47.20 

SP 12: Wealth Creation in the Minerals Industry: Integrating 

Science, Business, and Education. 2006, 329p. $75.00 $60.00 

SP 13: Nickel Deposits of the Yilgarn Craton: Geology, Geochemistry, 

and Geophysics Applied to Exploration. 2006, 210p. $59.00 $47.20 

Sub-Total 

➥



Publications Order Form 

Full details on publications are available on-line at www.segweb.org / Publications 


PRICE PRICE 

SEG DVD LECTURE SERIES: 

Vid. 1: 1) The Genesis of Magmatic Ni-Cu (PGE) Sulfide Deposits 

2) Physical Volcanology, Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of 

Komatiite Basalt Lava Channels and Channelized Sheet Flows 

in the Cape Smith Belt, New Quebec: C. Michael Lesher, 

Laurentian University, Sept. 1998 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 2: 1) Worldwide Exploration: Can We Afford It?, 

2) Exploration Strategic Planning: Michael J. Knuckey, President, 

Noranda Mining Exploration, Ltd., Nov. 1998 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 3: 1) The Porphyry to Epithermal Continuum: Evidence from 

Volcanoes and Ore Deposits, 2) Characteristics of and Exploration 

for Epithermal Gold Deposits in the Circum Pacific: Jeffrey W. 

Hedenquist, Consulting Economic Geologist, April 1999 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 4: 1) Epithermal Gold Deposits—Characteristics, Classes 

and Causes 2) Convergent Evolution and Ore Deposits: 

Noel C. White, Consulting Economic Geologist, Sept. 1999 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 5: 1) Cordilleran Metallogeny of Western Canada 

2) Intrusion-related Mineral Deposits: Tectonics, Magmas and 

Fluids: John Thompson, Teck Corporation, Feb. 2000 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 6: 1) Geology and Genesis of the Irish Zn-Pb-Ag Ore Field 

2) The Lisheen Deposits, Ireland: Discovery and Delineation 

of a Blind Zn-Pb-Ag Orebody: Murray W. Hitzman, 

Colorado School of Mines, Sept. 2000 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 7: 1) How Orebodies are Found 2) The Arequipa Resources 

Pierina Project: David J. Lowell, Lowell Mineral Exploration, Feb. 2001 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 8: 1) Tectonic Setting and Structural Controls in the Giant 

Eocene-Oligocene Porphyry Copper Deposits of Northern 

Chile 2) Late Cenozoic Mineralization and Crustal Evolution 

in a Thickening Arc: The Maricunga and El Indio Mineral 

Belts: Constantino Mpodozis, Chilean Geological Survey, Mar. 2001 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 9: 1) Mineral Resources and Mining: Supply, Demand the 

Environment 2) Supergene Oxidation of Copper Deposits: 

The Zoning of Copper Oxide Minerals and Applications to 

Minerals Exploration: William X. Chavez, Jr., New Mexico 

Institute of Mining, Apr. 2001 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 10: 1) Reflections on the Bre-X Saga 

2) Pioneering Mining in the Arctic: Graham Farquharson, 

Strathcona Mineral Services, Ltd., Nov. 2001 $25.00 $20.00 


PRICE PRICE 

Vid. 11: 1) Mississippi Valley-type Lead-Zinc Deposits through 

Earth History: Implications for Ore Genesis, Crustal Fluid-Flow, 

Paleoclimate, and Relation to Shale-Hosted (SEDEX) Deposits: 

David L. Leach, U.S. Geological Survey, Mar. 2002 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 12: 1) Discovery History and Geology of the Cannington 

Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit 2) Advances in Micro-Analytical Technologies 

— What a grain can tell you Steve Walters, 

Macquarie University, Apr. 2002 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 13: 1) Lode Gold Deposits through Earth History — Patterns 

in Space and Time 2) Metallogeny of Gold Deposits in 

China: R.J. Goldfarb, U.S. Geological Survey, Mar. 2003 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 14: 1) Exploration in the Context of Mineral Supply: 

Focus on Copper. 2) Overcoming the Odds: 

Why Continue to Explore? Michael D. Doggett, Apr. 2006 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 15: 1) Characteristics of Lode Gold Deposits in Greenstone 

Belts 2) Geology and Setting of Gold Deposits in the North 

Carlin Trend, Nevada: François Robert, Barrick Gold, Dec. 2004 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 16: 1) Characteristics and Genesis of Carlin-type Gold Deposits, 

NV 2) Upwelling Hot Water at a Proposed Nuclear Waste 

Repository: Jean Cline, Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, Feb. 2005 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 17: 1) Breccias in Epithermal and Porphyry Deposits: 

The Birth and Death of Magmatic-Hydrothermal Systems 

2) The Giant Sediment-Hosted Zn-Pb-Ag Deposits of 

Northern Australia: David R. Cooke, Univ. of Tasmania, Feb. 2005 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 18: 1) Unidirectional Solidification Textures, Miarolitic 

Cavities, and Orbicules 2) Discovery History of the Giant Oyu 

Tolgoi Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits: Douglas J. Kirwin, 

Ivanhoe Mines, Oct. 2007 $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 19a-b (2 DVDs): 1. Paths to Failure: The Application of Failure 

Mode Diagrams in Pore Fluid Factor 2) 2. The Dynamics of 

Coupling Between Deformation and Fluid Flow in the Earth’s 

Crust: Stephen F. Cox, Aus. National Univ., Nov. 2007. $25.00 $20.00 

Vid. 20: 1) Greenfield Exploration: The Newmont Story 

2) R&D Opportunities Across the Life Cycle of a Mine. 

Steve Enders, Newmont Mining, Jan. 2008. $25.00 $20.00 

Make Check Payable To: 


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attn. SEG Production Director: 7811 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO 80127 USA 

Tel. +1.720.981.7882 /Fax +1.720.981.7874. 

2009 

SOCIETY OF 

ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS 

May 9–13. U2009 — Global Uranium 

Symposium, Keystone, Colorado, USA. SEG 

Pre-Conf Workshop — Uranium Geology & 

Deposit Types, May 9–10. SEG Field Trip — 

Uranium Ore Deposits of the Colorado 

Plateau Region Field Course, May 6–10. 

Website: . See front cover. 

May 19–22. 6th International Congress of 

Prospectors and Explorers, Lima, Peru. 

Contact email: proexplo@iimp.org. Website: 

. SEG Keynote 

speaker: Jeffrey W. Hedenquist. See p. 46. 

★ May 19–26. UNESCO-SEG-SGA Latinamerican 

Course on Metallogeny, Belo 

Horizonte, Brazil. Information at . 

★ Jun. 7–10. II Brazilian Symposium on 

Metallogeny, Gramado-RS, Brazil. Website: 

. See p. 39. 

★ Jun. 10–12. Geomin 2009, Antofagasta, 

Chile. First International Seminar on Geology 

for the Mining Industry. Website: . See p. 12. 

Jun. 21–23. 2009 Xi’an Ni-Cu Symposium, 

Xi’an, China. An SEG two-day short course 

on “Magmatic Sulfide Deposits: Theories, 

Genetic Models and Exploration” will take 

place pre-meeting. Website: . See p. 45. 

Aug. 17–20. SGA 2009 Conference - 

Townsville, Nth Queensland, Australia. 

Hosted by EGRU in collaboration with SEG 

Codes UTas CET UWA. Website: . Email: sga2009@jcu. 

edu.au 

★ Sept. 7–11. Colombia Geocongress, 

Boyaca, Colombia. 

★ Oct. 2–6. International Association for 

Gondwana Research, Hanoi, Vietnam. 

2009 Annual Convention and Gondwana to 

Asia Symposium. Details at . 

★ Oct. 18–21. Geological Society of America 

Annual Meeting, Portland, Oregon, USA. 

SEG business meetings, SEG Awards 

Ceremony, and SEG Technical Sessions are 

being planned. Website: . 

2010 

★ Apr. 6–9. 13th Quadrennial IAGOD 

Symposium, Adelaide Australia. Website: 

. 

★ May 14–22. GSN 2010 Symposium: Great 

Basin Evolution & Metallogeny, John 

Ascuaga’s Nugget Hotel, Sparks, Nevada, 

USA. Website: . See p. 

45. 

★ Jun. 18–29. 11th International Platinum 

Symposium, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada 

Website: 

Inquiries may be directed to the following 

e-mail: 11ips@laurentian.ca. See p. 39. 

★ Oct. 2–5. SEG 2010 Conference, Keystone, 

Colorado USA. Website: . See back cover. 

OTHER EVENTS 

2009 

★ May 24–27. GAC-MAC Joint Assembly 

2009 Meeting — Toronto, Canada. Website: 

. 

Jun. 1–4. 24 th International Applied Geochemistry 

Symposium 2009, University of 

New Brunswick Fredericton, New Brunswick, 

Canada. Website: . 

Jun. 9–11. BPI Mining Conference 2009, 

Toronto, Canada. Website: . 

★ Aug. 30–Sept.2. 4th International Symposium 

on Granitic Pegmatites, Recife, 

Brazil. Website: . E-mail: peg 2009brazil@ 

ufpe.br. 

★ Sept. 5–9. Manganese in the Twenty-First 

Century — A Short Course, Hungary. 

Contact: Márta Polgári, Institute for 

Geochemical Research, Hungarian Academy 

of Sciences, Email: rodokrozit@gmail.com. 

Information at 

★ Sept. 29–Oct. 1. Broken Hill Exploration 

Initiative 2009, Broken Hill Entertainment 

Centre, Broken Hill NSW. Website: . 


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SEG 

NEWSLETTER 

7811 SHAFFER PARKWAY 

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ATTENTION ALL SEG MEMBERS – 

DID YOU KNOW THAT YOU CAN NOW 

ACCESS THE FULL ARCHIVE (NEARLY 9,000 

ARTICLES) OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY? 

Enter via the Members Login on the website 

homepage and follow the links to Economic 

Geology until you arrive at the GeoScience 

World/SEG web page. All the journal content 

from 1905 is available and can be 

searched via keyword, author, and issue 

number. 

Only SEG Members have this 

opportunity – Pass the word 

and encourage others to join! 

Thank you for your continued 

support of the SEG. 

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Advancing Science and Discovery - Society of Economic Geologists

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