02.07.2014 Views

SEG - Society of Economic Geologists

SEG - Society of Economic Geologists

SEG - Society of Economic Geologists

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

JULY 2012 • No 90 <strong>SEG</strong> NEWSLETTER 43<br />

EXPLORATION REVIEWS<br />

Notice: Views expressed in the Exploration Reviews do not necessarily reflect those <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Society</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Economic</strong><br />

<strong>Geologists</strong>, Inc., and columnists are solely responsible for ascertaining that the information in this section is correct.<br />

To read additional exploration reviews for countries, please go online to the <strong>SEG</strong> Newsletter supplement.<br />

ALASKA<br />

Regional Correspondent:<br />

Curtis J. Freeman (<strong>SEG</strong> 1996)<br />

Avalon Development Corp.<br />

P.O. Box 80268<br />

Fairbanks, AK 99708<br />

Tel.: 1.907-457-5159, Fax: 1.907-455-8069<br />

E-mail: avalon@alaska.net<br />

Website: www.avalonalaska.com<br />

The winds <strong>of</strong> change are once again<br />

blowing across Alaska’s mineral industry,<br />

not only because the industry is into<br />

another busy summer season, but<br />

because the mining investment climate<br />

has rapidly turned from cautiously<br />

bullish to decidedly bearish. The sea<br />

change occurred steadily and without a<br />

lot <strong>of</strong> fanfare between mid-January and<br />

mid-March. As is always the case, good<br />

projects continue to advance. Those that<br />

are drilling and adding resources or moving<br />

through advanced exploration and<br />

development stages are enjoying a significant<br />

funding advantage over earlier<br />

stage exploration projects. The result,<br />

exemplified by the entry <strong>of</strong> two new<br />

companies acquiring Alaska joint venture<br />

interests over the last month, is a buyer’s<br />

market for early and mid-stage exploration<br />

projects. Mergers and/or acquisitions<br />

<strong>of</strong> more advanced level projects or<br />

companies can be expected over the<br />

coming months. That’s all well and good<br />

if you happen to have 5 million tonnes<br />

<strong>of</strong> copper or 20 million ounces <strong>of</strong> gold,<br />

but what about the rest <strong>of</strong> us poor saps<br />

with a few good drill holes or a highgrade<br />

outcrop and a load <strong>of</strong> …blue sky?<br />

I heard the solution to this problem at<br />

a recent mining company presentation.<br />

The concept was so simple, it nearly<br />

evaded me: sometimes it is wiser to do<br />

less with less! Brilliant, eh?! Obvious, perhaps,<br />

but we all know <strong>of</strong> projects that are<br />

being stretched so thin (aka, trying to<br />

doing more with less) that the quality <strong>of</strong><br />

the resulting product is suspect. We are<br />

in danger <strong>of</strong> being caught by a trap we<br />

have created for ourselves, wherein every<br />

program, every year, is expected to be<br />

bigger and better than the previous one.<br />

With increasing frequency and<br />

increasing litigation, companies are<br />

being punished severely by shareholders<br />

for advocating for a smaller drilling<br />

program or a less ambitious feasibility<br />

study. Since negative reinforcement is a<br />

powerful motivator, the desire to not<br />

get beheaded by shareholders causes<br />

companies to forecast ever more optimistic<br />

results. Inevitably, expectations<br />

reach stratospheric levels and then<br />

somebody notices that the Emperor has<br />

no clothes. At that point, it will be too<br />

late to do less with less. But there is an<br />

upside here: not all drip-fed projects are<br />

created equal. Some <strong>of</strong> the properties<br />

damaged by the more-for-less syndrome<br />

are in fact, high quality mines in the<br />

making. Recognizing those opportunities<br />

is a challenge but, is it any more<br />

challenging than creating new wealth<br />

out <strong>of</strong> a never-before explored patch <strong>of</strong><br />

desert or mountainside? I don’t think<br />

so either, and that is why we should<br />

expect that both careers and companies<br />

will be won and lost in the coming<br />

months by astute mergers and acquisitions.<br />

As Ayn Rand said, “You can<br />

avoid reality but you can’t avoid the<br />

consequences <strong>of</strong> avoiding reality.”<br />

AUSTRALASIA<br />

Regional Correspondent:<br />

Russell Meares (<strong>SEG</strong> 1996)<br />

Malachite Resources Limited<br />

Sydney, Australia<br />

E-mail: rmeares@malachite.com.au<br />

Website: www.malachite.com.au<br />

With contributions from:<br />

Roger Thomson (<strong>SEG</strong> 1983) –<br />

Western Australia<br />

Lucy Chapman (<strong>SEG</strong> 2000) – Queensland<br />

Tony Christie (<strong>SEG</strong> 1992) – New Zealand<br />

Ge<strong>of</strong>f Green (<strong>SEG</strong> 2000) – Tasmania<br />

Andrew Rowett – South Australia<br />

Bianca Pietrass-Wong – NSW<br />

Steve Russell (<strong>SEG</strong> 2009) – NT<br />

Paul McDonald – Victoria<br />

SUMMARY<br />

The life cycle <strong>of</strong> most mining operations<br />

commences with an exploration discovery,<br />

moving steadily through the mining<br />

phase, then finally into the closing-down<br />

and rehabilitation phase. In the case <strong>of</strong><br />

the Ranger uranium mining operation,<br />

owned by Energy Resources <strong>of</strong> Australia<br />

Ltd (ERA), the company is transitioning<br />

from the mining phase back into a capital-intensive<br />

phase <strong>of</strong> exploration. The<br />

Ranger deposit is located in the Northern<br />

Territory, 250 km east <strong>of</strong> Darwin, and is<br />

totally surrounded by the World Heritage<br />

Listed Kakadu National Park, famous for<br />

its wetlands flora and fauna. The deposit<br />

was discovered in 1969 using airborne<br />

radiometrics, long before the National<br />

Park was declared in 1979, and the<br />

Ranger operation is one <strong>of</strong> the largest<br />

uranium producers in the world, being<br />

one <strong>of</strong> only three mines in the world to<br />

produce in excess <strong>of</strong> 100,000 t <strong>of</strong> uranium<br />

oxide. However, due to the in -<br />

adequate estimation <strong>of</strong> annual rainfall<br />

in the design phase, the mine has con -<br />

tinued to suffer seasonal failures <strong>of</strong> the<br />

surface water management system. This<br />

situation has been exacerbated by a series<br />

<strong>of</strong> record summer wet season rainfall<br />

events over recent years, with the deci -<br />

sion being taken to close and rehabili -<br />

tate the current open pit by the end <strong>of</strong><br />

this year, and to return to the explora -<br />

tion phase (although this explorer owns<br />

a plant, a power station, an airport, and<br />

a town!). The aim is to complete the<br />

exploration and development <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Ranger 3 orebody, which lies at depth<br />

below the current open pit, by late 2015.<br />

Ranger 3 contains an estimated 34,000 t<br />

<strong>of</strong> uranium oxide at a grade <strong>of</strong> 0.34%<br />

uranium oxide, triple that <strong>of</strong> the head<br />

grade <strong>of</strong> the current open pit operation.<br />

The company will invest an estimated<br />

A$120M in constructing a 2.2<br />

km exploration decline to a depth <strong>of</strong><br />

350 m and conducting close-spaced<br />

underground exploration drilling to further<br />

define the Ranger 3 Deeps orebody,<br />

and to explore areas adjacent to<br />

that resource. In addition, ERA is conducting<br />

an extensive three-rig surface<br />

drilling program on prospective and<br />

underexplored areas <strong>of</strong> the Ranger project<br />

area over the period from 2012 to<br />

2014 at an estimated cost <strong>of</strong> A$40M.<br />

This level <strong>of</strong> investment,<br />

to page<br />

and the decision to<br />

44 ...<br />

EXPLORATION REVIEWS

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!