Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in ... - The Black Vault

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Project Apollo: Americans to the Moon
1. Man
2. Systems
B. Space flight experiments in the following areas:
1. Life Sciences (both biomedical and bioscience/technology)
2. Astronomy and space physics
3. Extended Lunar Exploration
4. Applications (including meteorology, communica tions, earth
resources)
5. Technology (spent stage utilization, advanced EVA, propellant
handling in space, orbital assembly and maintenance, etc.)
A careful review of future mission requirements in rela tion to long range
objectives has shown that extended duration manned flight experience as early
as possible is required to establish the basic capabilities required for any of the
projected next generation of manned space flight goals (earth orbital space
station, lunar station or manned planetary [5] exploration). Flights of up to
a year’s duration would be attained in Apollo Applications through the use of
modified Apollo hardware with resupply. Such an adaptation of Apollo hardware
might be used as a long duration Manned Orbital Research Facility.
The experiments in the areas listed above would be responsive to specific
needs, as defined by the scientific and engineering communities and as reviewed
and approved by the Office of Space Science and Applications in the case of scientific
or applications experiments; by the Office of Advanced Research and Technology
in the case of technology experiments, and by the Office of Manned Space Flight
in the case of operations experiments and experiments on biomedical effects on
man. All experiments proposed for flight on manned missions will be reviewed
and approved by the joint NASA/DOD Manned Space Flight Experiments Board.
Experiment areas two and three above would support the National
Astronomical Observatories objectives proposed in the 1965 Woods Hole
Summer Study and extended lunar exploration as recommended at the 1965
Falmouth Summer Study.
PROGRAM CONTENT
Attachment 1 summarizes the Saturn Apollo Applications mission
objectives and indicates the planned target dates for flights to meet these objectives.
The black triangular symbols represent planned missions, each of which requires
one or more Saturn Apollo launches. Most of the missions [6] are planned to
accomplish more than one objective, as indicated by the vertical alignment of the
mission symbols for the same launch date. The following paragraphs summarize
current plans for each of the objectives listed on Attachment 1.
The long duration flight objectives are (1) to measure the effects on men
and on manned systems of space flights of increasing duration, (2) to acquire