Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea

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200 Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea: 1950-present, Rossing, Booth and Zeller the Baltic Sea‖ was adopted in 2006 to replace the IBSFC (Anon., 2009). Russia continues to report landings to ICES, as is the case for all the Baltic countries. Total allowable catches (TAC‘s) are set based on ICES recommendations but are then sanctioned by the EU in accordance with its agreement with Russia. The EU is planning a revision of its Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in 2012, and although Russia is not bound by the CFP, the recommendations for the revised policy would hopefully also apply to the management of Russia‘s fisheries in the Baltic Sea. Russia should aim to align its fisheries objectives with these upcoming revisions to the CFP in order to work toward harmonizing fisheries management in an effort to facilitate movement towards ecosystem-based management. An important recommendation for the revised CFP, which also pertains to Russia, is increased transparency in fisheries data collection, decision-making and dissemination of information to all stakeholders, including the general public. Russia has a history of nondisclosure with nationally held data, particularly with respect to fisheries catches during the Soviet era. During the Cold War, fisheries data in Russia were considered a ―state secret‖ (V. Spirodonov, pers. comm., P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology). A major concern for Russian fisheries in the Baltic Sea is a lack of consistent data made readily available to the Baltic and global community (ICES, 2005; 2007). Also, records that could have shed some light on Russia‘s historical catches were lost during the collapse of the USSR (S. Shibaev, unpubl. data). The time series of commercial catches is therefore incomplete and information on unreported catches, discards and recreational catches is even poorer. Russia should reduce discarding and unreported landings. Complete (100%) observer cover, video surveillance and satellite Vessel Monitoring Systems would substantially increase the accuracy of total (including IUU) catches which would in turn properly inform regulatory and policy decisions. Improved monitoring and enforcement are important, but increased transparency is even more crucial as it can enhance the quality of fisheries data and improve fisheries management and policy decisions. For an ecosystem-based management approach to be effective in the Baltic Sea, countries such as Russia need to improve the collection of data and make these widely available for the purpose of improving fisheries management and accountability in maintaining a publicly owned resource. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank the Baltic Sea 2020 Foundation for funding this project, and Dr. Vassily Spirodonov (Nakhimov P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology), Konstantin Zgurovsky (WWF Russia) and Maris Plikshs (Latvian Fish Resource Agency) for providing valuable insight, information and data. The Sea Around Us Project is a scientific collaboration between the University of British Columbia and the Pew Environment Group. REFERENCES Anon. (2006a) Arbejdspapir om discard i dansk fiskeri [Report on Danish fisheries]. Ministeriet for Fødevarer, Landburg og Fiskeri. Anon. (2006b) Материалы к отчету ФГУ Запбалтрыбвод за 2006 г [Report of Federal Agency on Fisheries in the Western Baltic for 2006] Федеральное Государственное учреждение Западно-Балтийское бассейновое управление по сохранению, воспроизводству водных биологических ресурсов и организации рыболовства (ФГУ Запбалтрыбвод) [Federal Agency on Fisheries in the Western Baltic (Zapbaltrybvod)] Kaliningrad, Russian Federation 1-125 p. Anon. (2007a) Evaluation report of catch registration in Baltic Sea member states 2005-2006. European Commission, Directorate- General for Fisheries and Maritime Affairs, Control and Enforcement. 38 p. Anon. (2007b) A report on IUU fishing of Baltic Sea cod. ORCA-EU, Svartviksslingan 28 167 39 Bromma, Sweden, 67 p. Anon. (2007c) Отчет о состоянии сырьевой базы водных обьектов рыбохозяйственоого значения и о деятельности ихтиологической службы за 2007 год [Report on the commercial bioresources and the activity of ichtyological services in 2007]. ФГУ Северо-Западное бассеиновое управление по сохранению, воспроизводству водных биологических ресурсов и организации рыболовства (ФГУ Севзапрыбвод) [Federal Agency on Fisheries in the Northwestern Baltic (Sevzaprybvod)] St.Peterburg, Russian Federation 1-260 p. Anon. (2009) Fisheries Treaty Database - Bilateral Agreements: Russia. in. International Fisheries Law and Policy Portal. Brown, J., Macfadyen, G., Huntington, T., Magnus, J. and Tumilty, J. (2005) Ghost fishing by lost fishing gear. Final Report to DG Fisheries and Maritime Affairs of the European Commission. Fish/2004/20, Institute for European Environmental Policy/Poseidon Aquatic Resource Management Ltd joint report 151 p. Burnett, M., Dronova, N., Esmark, M., Nelson, S., Rønning, A. and Spiridonov, V. (2008) Illegal fishing in Arctic waters. Version 1.3, WWF International Arctic Programme, Oslo, Norway, 42 p. ICES (2005) Report of the Baltic Fisheries Assessment Working Group (WGBFAS), 12-21 April 2005. Hamburg, Germany, 589 p. ICES (2007) Report of the Baltic Fisheries Assessment Working Group (WGBFAS), 17 - 26 April 2007. ICES CM 2007/ACFM: 15, ICES Headquarters, Copenhagen, 727 p. ICES (2008a) Report of the Baltic Fisheries Assessment Working Group (WGBFAS), 8-17 April 2008. ICES CM 2008\ACOM:06, ICES Headquarters, Copenhagen, 692 p.
Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea: 1950-present, Rossing, Booth and Zeller 201 ICES (2008b) Report of the Baltic Salmon and Trout Assessment Working Group (WGBAST), 1 - 10 April 2008. ICES CM 2008/ACOM:05, ICES Headquarters, Copenhagen, 267 p. ICES (2009) ICES catch statistics database. in. ICES. http://www.ices.dk/fish/statlant.asp [Date accessed: Mar 23, 2009] Jensen, F. (2004) Usmid af fisk - et problem skabt af reguleringer [Discard of fish - a problem created by regulations]. Fiskeri tidende [Fishery Times] 11(14): 8-9. Published by Danmarks Fiskeriforening [Danish Fisheries Organization]. Macfadyen, G., Huntington, T. and Cappell, R. (2009) Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear. UNEP Regional Seas Reports and Studies, No. 185; FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, No. 523, Rome, UNEP/FAO, 115 p. Menn, I. (2006) The cod fishery in the Baltic Sea: unsustainable and illegal. Greenpeace International. Amsterdam, 16 p. Österblom, H., Hanson, S., Larsson, U., Hjerne, O., Wulff, F., Elmgren, R. and Folke, C. (2007) Human-induced trophic cascades and ecological regime shifts in the Baltic Sea. Ecosystems 10: 877-889. Rahikainen, M., Peltonen, H. and Ponni, J. (2004) Unaccounted mortality in northern Baltic Sea herring fishery - magnitude and effects on estimates of stock dynamics. Fisheries Research 67(2): 111-127. Shibaev, S.V. (2004) Системный анализ в рыбохозяйственных исследованиях [System analysis of fisheries data]. Department of Icthyology and Ecology, Kaliningrad State Technical University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation 1-315 p. Tschernij, V. and Larsson, P.O. (2003) Ghost fishing by lost cod gill nets in the Baltic Sea. Fisheries Research 64(2-3): 151-162. Zeller, D. and Pauly, D., editors. (2007) Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for key countries and regions (1950-2005). Fisheries Centre Research Report, FCRR, 2007, 15(2), 170 p. Zeller, D. and Rizzo, Y. (2007) Country disaggregation of catches of the former Soviet Union (USSR). p. 157-163 In Zeller, D. and Pauly, D., (eds.), Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for key countries and regions (1950-2005). Fisheries Centre Research Reports 15(2). University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver.
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Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea

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