Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea
Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea
6 Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea: 1950-present, Rossing, Booth and Zeller
. Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea: 1950-present, Rossing, Booth and Zeller 7 FISHERIES CATCHES FROM THE BALTIC SEA LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEM: 1950-2007 1 Dirk Zeller, Shawn Booth, Sarah Bale, Peter Rossing, Sarah Harper and Daniel Pauly Sea Around Us Project, Fisheries Centre University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC., V6T 1Z4, Canada; email: d.zeller@fisheries.ubc.ca; s.booth@fisheries.ubc.ca; s.bale@fisheries.ubc.ca; p.rossing@fisheries.ubc.ca; s.harper@fisheries.ubc.ca; d.pauly@fisheries.ubc.ca ABSTRACT We estimated the total marine and brackish-water fisheries catches from the Baltic Sea Large Marine Ecosystem, from 1950-2007, taken by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia and Sweden. Using the ICES electronic catch database as the ‗reported data‘ baseline, we added several IUU (Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated) catch components: ‗adjustments‘ (data source adjustments to the reported landings), ‗unreported‘ landings (termed ‗unallocated‘ by ICES), estimates of ‗discards‘, and estimates of ‗recreational catches‘. This ‗reconstructed total catch‘ was 53.5 million tonnes from 1950-2007, which is approximately 30% higher than landings officially reported by ICES for the same period. For the period since 2000 (2000-2007) this difference was 35%. Our reconstruction is likely an underestimate, as we used minimum values based on conservative assumptions. However, a conservative estimate is still preferable to the current default assumption of ‗zero catch‘ in the absence of officially-reported IUU data. Currently, ICES does not disclose countries that do or do not submit estimates of these other fisheries sectors to ICES, and this lack of transparency prevents countries that are either not collecting or not reporting data from being held accountable by the public and other stakeholders on issues of public resource use. INTRODUCTION The Baltic Sea, here defined as the Baltic Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (Figure 1; Sherman and Hempel, 2008), is a semi-enclosed sea situated in northern Europe and encompasses a surface area of approximately 394,000 km 2 (www.seaaroundus.org). Nine coastal countries (Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia and Sweden) surround the Baltic Sea and are involved in national, regional and international agencies to manage the sea and its resources. The Baltic Sea is a water body that consists of brackish water with large inputs of fresh water originating from rivers in the east and inputs of more saline water entering from the Atlantic Ocean through the Kattegat. The Baltic Sea is therefore often thought of as a large semienclosed estuary (Graneli et al., 1990). The watersheds‘ catchment encompasses an area approximately 4 times the surface area of the Baltic Sea (Thulin and Andrushaitis, 2003). The terrestrial landscape surrounding the Baltic Sea has a variety of human impacts that also influence Denmark 22 23 Germany Sweden 24 25 27 30 26 Poland 28-2 Figure 1. Map of the Baltic Sea with ICES subdivisions and surrounding countries (the Baltic Sea Large Marine Ecosystem consists of all subdivisions indicated). 29 RF 31 28-1 Finland Latvia Lithuania 32 Estonia Russian Federation (RF) 0 200 400 Km N 1 Cite as: Zeller, D., Booth, S., Bale, S., Rossing, P., Harper, S., and Pauly, D. (2010) Fisheries catches from the Baltic Sea Large Marine Ecosystem: 1950-2007. pp. 7-38. In: Rossing, P., Booth, S., and Zeller, D. (eds.), Total marine fisheries extractions by country in the Baltic Sea: 1950-present. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 18 (1). Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Canada [ISSN 1198-6727].
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6 <strong>Total</strong> <strong>mar<strong>in</strong>e</strong> <strong>fisheries</strong> <strong>extractions</strong> <strong>by</strong> <strong>country</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Baltic</strong> <strong>Sea</strong>: 1950-present, Ross<strong>in</strong>g, Booth and Zeller
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