Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation - Blog Science Connections

Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation 631
lymphohematopoietic disorders in remission may be in favor of the stem
cells, although this hypothesis is yet to be proved.
ABSCT seems to be a viable treatment method in three types of settings.
It can be used supportively, to augment the reconstitutive potency of
quantitatively inadequate autologous marrow collection. It has demonstrated
therapeutic activity against acute leukemia in CR, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,
and perhaps against resistant multiple myeloma. And it can be used
prophylactically in persons who are at risk for severe radiation exposure or in
those with a genetic predisposition for malignant lymphohematopoietic
disorders.
This study has shown that apheresis-derived hematopoietic stem cells
are able to reconstitute hematopoiesis completely and permanently.
Furthermore, if sufficient numbers of stem cells are transfused (more than
1 -2 x 10 4 /kg b.w.), hematopoietic reconstitution occurs rapidly. At present,
to enable hematopoietic stem cells to be collected efficiently, the patient must
have been adequately pretreated cytotoxically. Other, and perhaps more
effective, approaches for mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells into the
peripheral blood are needed and are currently under investigation.
ABSCT after myeloablative chemoradiotherapy promises an alternative
approach to autologous bone marrow transplantation that provides additional
safety because of low aplasia-related risks. The possible long-term benefit to
the patients who receive the transplantation must be further proven, however,
in additional clinical trials.
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