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Scania Annual Report 2011

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92<br />

notes to the consolidated financial statements<br />

NOTE 1 Accounting principles, continued<br />

Leases<br />

• Operating lease – in case of delivery of vehicles that <strong>Scania</strong> finances<br />

with an operating lease, revenue is allocated on a straight-line basis<br />

over the lease period. The assets are recognised as lease assets in<br />

the balance sheet.<br />

• Residual value obligation – in case of delivery of vehicles for which<br />

substantial risks remain with <strong>Scania</strong> and on which <strong>Scania</strong> has a<br />

repurchase obligation at a guaranteed residual value, revenue is<br />

allo cated on a straight-line basis until the repurchase date, as with<br />

an operating lease.<br />

• Short-term rental – in case of short-term rental of vehicles, revenue<br />

is allocated on a straight-line basis over the contract period. Leasing<br />

and rentals mainly involve new trucks and buses. In such cases, the<br />

asset is recognised in the balance sheet as a lease asset.<br />

Service-related products<br />

Income for service and repairs is recognised as income when the<br />

service is performed. For service and repair contracts, income is<br />

allo cated over the life of the contracts, as expenses for the fulfilment<br />

of the contract arise.<br />

Financial Services<br />

In case of financial and operating leases, with <strong>Scania</strong> as the lessor,<br />

the recognition of interest income and lease income, respectively,<br />

is allocated over the lease period. Other income is recognised on a<br />

continuous basis.<br />

MISCELLANEOUS<br />

Related party transactions<br />

Related party transactions occur on market terms. “Related parties”<br />

refer to the companies in which <strong>Scania</strong> can exercise a controlling or<br />

significant influence in terms of the operating and financial decision s<br />

that are made. The circle of related parties also includes those companies<br />

and physical persons that are able to exercise a controlling or<br />

significant influence over the financial and operating decisions of the<br />

<strong>Scania</strong> Group.<br />

Related party transactions also include defined benefit and defined<br />

contribution pension plans.<br />

Government grants including EU grants<br />

Government grants received that are attributable to operating<br />

expense s reduce these expenses. Government grants related to<br />

investments reduce the gross cost of non-current assets.<br />

Contingent liabilities<br />

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past<br />

events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence<br />

or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events. A contingen<br />

t liability can also be a present obligation that is not recognised<br />

as a liability or provision because it is not probable that an outflow of<br />

resources will be required, or because the amount of the obligation<br />

cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.<br />

Earnings per share<br />

Earnings per share are calculated as net income for the period attributable<br />

to Parent Company shareholders, divided by the weighted average<br />

number of shares outstanding per report period.<br />

Incentive programmes and share-based payment<br />

The outcome of the incentive programme for executive officers is<br />

recognised as a salary expense in the year the payment is related to.<br />

Part of the programme is payable in such a way that the employee him/<br />

herself acquires shares in <strong>Scania</strong> AB at market price (see Note 28,<br />

“Compensation to executive officers”). As a result, the rules according<br />

to IFRS 2, “Share-based payments”, are not applicable.<br />

CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES DURING THE NEXT YEAR<br />

New standards, amended standards and interpretations that enter<br />

into force on 1 January 2012 and subsequently have not been applied<br />

in advance. The following new and amended standards have not<br />

yet begun to be applied. None of the following standards have been<br />

approve d by the EU at present, which is a requirement for the adoption<br />

of the standard.<br />

IFRS 9, “Financial Instruments” – This standard replaces the provisions<br />

of IAS 39, “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement”<br />

that relate to classification and measurement. The standard is mandatory<br />

starting with the financial year 2015, but earlier adoption is permitted,<br />

provided that the EU has approved the standard. This has not yet<br />

occurred.<br />

IFRS 10, “Consolidated Financial Statements” – The standard<br />

replaces IAS 27 and SIC-12, “Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities”<br />

and contains a model for assessing whether or not control exists. An<br />

entity or investment should be included in the consolidated statement s<br />

if control exists based on a control concept. The standard enters into<br />

force on 1 January 2013 and shall be applied on this date. The standard<br />

is not expected to have any material impact on <strong>Scania</strong>’s financial statements.<br />

IFRS 11, “Joint Arrangements” – The standard replaces IAS 31,<br />

“Inte rests in Joint Ventures”. According to the standard, jointly controlled<br />

investments shall be divided into two categories, joint venture<br />

or joint operation. Different accounting rules shall be applied to the<br />

two categories. The standard enters into force on 1 January 2013 and<br />

shall be applied on this date. The standard is not expected to have any<br />

material impact on <strong>Scania</strong>’s financial statements.<br />

IFRS 12, “Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities” contains new disclosure<br />

requirements for all types of interests in other entities irrespective<br />

of whether the interest is consolidated or not. The standard enters<br />

into force on 1 January 2013 and shall be applied on this date.<br />

IFRS 13, “Fair Value Measurement” – The standard is being introduced<br />

to create a uniform definition of fair value and uniform valuation<br />

methods for measurement of fair value. New disclosure requirements<br />

are also being introduced. The standard enters into force on 1 Januar y<br />

2013 and shall be applied for annual periods starting in 2013. The<br />

standard is not expected to have any material impact on <strong>Scania</strong>’s<br />

financial statements.<br />

financial reports <strong>Scania</strong> <strong>2011</strong>

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