A Critique of the Mormon Doctrine of Creation
A Critique of the Mormon Doctrine of Creation A Critique of the Mormon Doctrine of Creation
ville: Broadman and Holman, 1995), 128; also W. H. Schmidt, “br’, to create,” 1:256; and William P. Brown, “Creation,” in Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, ed. David Noel Freedman (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), 293. 119 Paul J. Achtemeier, Romans (Interpretation; Atlanta: John Knox, 1985), 82. 120 Ernst Käsemann, Commentary on Romans (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980), 123. 121 Ibid. 122 Bernhard W. Anderson, “Creation,” Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible (4 vols.; Nashville: Abingdon, 1962), 1:728. 123 Joseph A. Fitzmyer, Romans (Anchor Bible 33; New York: Doubleday, 1993), 383. 124 Jaroslav Pelikan, “Creation and Causality in the History of Christian Thought,” in Evolution After Darwin, ed. Sol Tax and Charles Callender, (3 vols.; Chicago: University Press, 1960), 34. 125 Craig Koester, Hebrews (Anchor Bible 36; New York: Doubleday, 2001), 99-100. The preposition ek/ex, which can mean “out of,” can also be translated causally, as it parallels “by the word of God.” The sense would then be that the visible comes into existence by the invisible (Ibid., 474). As an aside, one could argue that even on view (2), creatio ex nihilo is hardly excluded since it is possible to speak of God’s bringing about the world out of nothing material (after all, He created all things, whether visible or invisible); He simply speaks, and a cosmos—ordered according to the Ideas or Forms in the divine Mind—is brought into being. 126 William L. Lane, Hebrews 9-13 (Word Biblical Commentary 47B; Dallas: Word, 1991), 326-27; see also Ronald Williamson, Philo and the Epistle to the Hebrews (Leiden: Brill, 1970), 377-9; and Philip Edgecumbe Hughes, The Epistle to the Hebrews (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977), 443. 127 Lane, Hebrews 9-13, 326-27. See also Hughes, Hebrews, 443. 128 See Maxmilian Zerwick, Biblical Greek (Rome: Pontifical Institute, 1963), § 352, 122. 129 Lane, Hebrews 9-13, 332. 130 Douglas J. Moo, The Epistle to the Romans (New International Greek Testament Commentary; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1996), 743. 131 Mounce, Romans, 227. 132 Thomas R. Schreiner, Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament; Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998), 637. 133 Dunn, Theology of Paul the Apostle, 268; Richard Bauckham, God Crucified, 38. Bauckham notes that what Paul does is reproduce the words of the statement about Yahweh and make them apply to both the Father and Christ. Paul is thus including Jesus in the divine identity, redefining monotheism as christological monotheism. 134 F. F. Bruce, I & II Corinthians (New Century Bible; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1971), 80. 135 Dunn, Theology of Paul the Apostle, 267. 136 Walter Bauer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, ed. Frederick W. Danker (2 nd ed.; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979), 456. 137 Walter Bauer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, ed. Frederick W. Danker, (3 rd ed.; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 572. 138 Corresponds, that is, in chiastic fashion. 139 P. T. O’Brien, Colossians, Philemon (Word Biblical Commentary 44; Waco, TX: Word, 1982), 46. 140 Barth and Blanke, Colossians, 200. O’Brien sees these invisible things (“thrones, dominions, etc.) as hostile angelic powers (Colossians, Philemon 46). On such a view, if we see the things “unseen” as referring to thrones and dominions and principalities and powers, they still find their source and temporal origination in Christ. 141 Barth and Blanke, Colossians, 199. 142 Ibid. 143 Jürgen Moltmann, God in Creation: A New theology of Creation and the Spirit of God (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1985), 74. 144 Stephen Ricks, “Ancient Views,” 328. 145 Richard J. Bauckham, Jude, 2 Peter (Word Biblical Commentary; Waco, TX: Word, 1983), 297. 146 Thomas Schreiner, 1 and 2 Peter, Jude (New American Commentary 37; Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2003), 374. 147 Ibid. 148 Douglas J. Moo, 2 Peter, Jude (NIV Application Commentary; Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996), 170. 149 C. F. D. Moule, Idiom Book of the New Testament Greek (2 nd ed.; Cambridge: 53
Cambridge University Press, 1959), 55. 150 Schreiner, 1 and 2 Peter, Jude, 376. 151 The OT implies this, and early orthodox Christian theologians writing on creation—virtually to a man—held to this view—not to mention many medieval Jewish exegetes. 152 Bauckham, Jude, 2 Peter, 302. 153 Barth and Blanke, Colossians, 197, 205. 154 Ibid., 199. 155 Jerome H. Neyrey, 2 Peter, Jude (Anchor Bible 37C; New York: Doubleday, 1993), 234. 156 Ibid., 234: “Genesis 1 describes how the dry land was separated ‘out of’ the waters above and below.” 157 Moo, 2 Peter, Jude, 170 158 Ibid., 171. 159 Bo Reicke suggests ex nihilo creation in his comments on 2 Pet 3:5—namely, that God’ by his “allpowerful word” brings about “the first days” of the “original creation” (The Epistles of James, Peter, and Jude (Anchor Bible 37; Garden City, NJ: Doubleday, 1964), 175. 160 Hexaemeron 2.4. 161 Preparation of the Gospel [Praeparatio Evangelica] 7.20. 54
- Page 1 and 2: Creation ex Nihilo or ex Materia? A
- Page 3 and 4: and ontological dependence of the m
- Page 5 and 6: A relative or temporal beginning (
- Page 7 and 8: mordial dualism in Gen 1:2 is simpl
- Page 9 and 10: ara’ is a word best-suited to exp
- Page 11 and 12: constitute reality. These assumptio
- Page 13 and 14: 44 is, there is no precondition to
- Page 15 and 16: influenced by) Stoicism. However, w
- Page 17 and 18: world ‘by water.’” 157 In v.
- Page 19 and 20: me chaos is not matter, but neither
- Page 21: out of nothing (cf. Rom. 4:17; Heb.
Cambridge University Press, 1959),<br />
55.<br />
150 Schreiner, 1 and 2 Peter, Jude, 376.<br />
151 The OT implies this, and early<br />
orthodox Christian <strong>the</strong>ologians<br />
writing on creation—virtually to<br />
a man—held to this view—not to<br />
mention many medieval Jewish<br />
exegetes.<br />
152 Bauckham, Jude, 2 Peter, 302.<br />
153 Barth and Blanke, Colossians, 197,<br />
205.<br />
154 Ibid., 199.<br />
155 Jerome H. Neyrey, 2 Peter, Jude<br />
(Anchor Bible 37C; New York:<br />
Doubleday, 1993), 234.<br />
156 Ibid., 234: “Genesis 1 describes how<br />
<strong>the</strong> dry land was separated ‘out <strong>of</strong>’<br />
<strong>the</strong> waters above and below.”<br />
157 Moo, 2 Peter, Jude, 170<br />
158 Ibid., 171.<br />
159 Bo Reicke suggests ex nihilo creation<br />
in his comments on 2 Pet<br />
3:5—namely, that God’ by his “allpowerful<br />
word” brings about “<strong>the</strong><br />
first days” <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> “original creation”<br />
(The Epistles <strong>of</strong> James, Peter, and Jude<br />
(Anchor Bible 37; Garden City, NJ:<br />
Doubleday, 1964), 175.<br />
160 Hexaemeron 2.4.<br />
161 Preparation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Gospel [Praeparatio<br />
Evangelica] 7.20.<br />
54
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