Cisco CCNA Study Guide - Router Alley

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CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 30 Twisted-Pair Cabling Overview A typical twisted-pair cable consists of four pairs of copper wires, for a total of eight wires. Each side of the cable is terminated using an RJ45 connector, which has eight pins. When the connector is crimped onto the cable, these pins make contact with each wire. The wires themselves are assigned a color to distinguish them. The color is dictated by the cabling standard - TIA/EIA-568B is the current standard: Color White Orange Orange White Green Blue White Blue Green White Brown Brown Pin# Each wire is assigned a specific purpose. For example, both Ethernet and Fast Ethernet use two wires to transmit, and two wires to receive data, while the other four pins remain unused. For communication to occur, transmit pins must connect to the receive pins of the remote host. This does not occur in a straight-through configuration: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The pins must be crossed-over for communication to be successful: The crossover can be controlled either by the cable, or an intermediary device, such as a hub or switch. * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 31 Twisted-Pair Cabling – Cable and Interface Types The layout or pinout of the wires in the RJ45 connector dictates the function of the cable. There are three common types of twisted-pair cable: • Straight-through cable • Crossover cable • Rollover cable The network interface type determines when to use each cable: • Medium Dependent Interface (MDI) • Medium Dependent Interface with Crossover (MDIX) Host interfaces are generally MDI, while hub or switch interfaces are typically MDIX. Twisted-Pair Cabling – Straight-Through Cable A straight-through cable is used in the following circumstances: • From a host to a hub – MDI to MDIX • From a host to a switch - MDI to MDIX • From a router to a hub - MDI to MDIX • From a router to a switch - MDI to MDIX Essentially, a straight-through cable is used to connect any device to a hub or switch, except for another hub or switch. The hub or switch provides the crossover (or MDIX) function to connect transmit pins to receive pins. The pinout on each end of a straight-through cable must be identical. The TIA/EIA-568B standard for a straight-through cable is as follows: Pin# Connector 1 Connector 2 Pin# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 White Orange Orange White Green Blue White Blue Green White Brown Brown ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ White Orange Orange White Green Blue White Blue Green White Brown Brown A straight-through cable is often referred to as a patch cable. * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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Cisco CCNA Study Guide - Router Alley

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