Cisco CCNA Study Guide - Router Alley

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CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 276 Resolving Hostnames on Cisco IOS Devices There are two methods of name resolution on Cisco IOS devices: • A static host table on each device (similar to a HOSTS file). • A centralized DNS server(s) configured on each device. To manually build a local host table on an IOS device: Router(config)# ip host Router1 172.16.1.1 Router(config)# ip host Router2 172.17.1.2 To view the local host table: Router# show hosts To point an IOS device to a centralized DNS server: Router(config)# ip name-server 10.0.1.2 To disable DNS lookups on an IOS device: Router(config)# no ip domain-lookup To configure the local domain on an IOS device: Router(config)# ip domain-name CISCO.COM * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 277 DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol) In networks with a large number of hosts, statically assigning IP addresses and other IP information quickly becomes impractical. Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) provides administrators with a mechanism to dynamically allocate IP addresses, rather than manually setting the address on each device. DHCP servers lease out IP addresses to DHCP clients, for a specific period of time. There are four steps to this DHCP process: • When a DHCP client first boots up, it broadcasts a DHCPDiscover message, searching for a DHCP server. • If a DHCP server exists on the local segment, it will respond with a DHCPOffer, containing the “offered” IP address, subnet mask, etc. • Once the client receives the offer, it will respond with a DHCPRequest, indicating that it will accept the offered protocol information. • Finally, the server responds with a DHCPACK, acknowledging the clients acceptance of offered protocol information. By default, DHCP leases an address for 8 days. Once 50% of the lease expires, the client will try to renew the lease with the same DHCP server. If successful, the client receives a new 8 day lease. If the renewal is not successful, the client will continue “attempting” to renew, until 87.5% of the lease has expired. Once this threshold has been reached, the client will attempt to find another DHCP server to bind to. In addition to IP address and subnet mask information, DHCP can provide the following protocol parameters: • Default Gateway • Domain Name and DNS servers • Time Servers • WINS servers These are just a few examples of the many DHCP “options” that exist. * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
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