Cisco CCNA Study Guide - Router Alley

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CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 242 Advantages of VLANs VLANs provide the following advantages: Broadcast Control – In a pure Layer-2 environment, broadcasts are received by every host on the switched network. In contrast, each VLAN belongs to its own broadcast domain (or IP subnet); thus broadcast traffic from one VLAN will never reach another VLAN. Security – VLANs allow administrators to “logically” separate users and departments. Flexibility and Scalability – VLANs remove the physical boundaries of a network. Users and devices can be added or moved anywhere on the physical network, and yet remain assigned to the same VLAN. Thus, access to resources will never be interrupted. VLAN Membership VLAN membership can be configured one of two ways: • Statically – Individual (or groups of) switch-ports must be manually assigned to a VLAN. Any device connecting to that switch-port(s) becomes a member of that VLAN. This is a transparent process – the client device is unaware that it belongs to a specific VLAN. • Dynamically – Devices are automatically assigned into a VLAN based on its MAC address. This allows a client device to remain in the same VLAN, regardless of which switch port the device is attached to. Cisco developed a dynamic VLAN product called the VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS). In more sophisticated systems, a user’s network account can be used to determine VLAN membership, instead of a device’s MAC address. Catalyst switches that participate in a VTP domain (explained shortly) support up to 1005 VLANs. Catalyst switches configured in VTP transparent mode support up to 4094 VLANs. * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 243 Static VLAN Configuration The first step in configuring VLANs is to create the VLAN: Switch(config)# vlan 100 Switch(config-vlan)# name MY_VLAN The first command creates VLAN 100, and enters VLAN configuration mode. The second command assigns the name MY_VLAN to this VLAN. Naming a VLAN is not required. The list of VLANs is stored in Flash in a database file named vlan.dat. However, information concerning which local interfaces are assigned to a specific VLAN is not stored in this file; this information is instead stored in the startup-config file of each switch. Next, an interface (or range of interfaces) must be assigned to this VLAN. The following commands will assign interface fa0/10 into the newly created MY_VLAN. Switch(config)# interface fa0/10 Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 100 The first command enters interface configuration mode. The second command indicates that this is an access port, as opposed to a trunk port (explained in detail shortly). The third command assigns this access port to VLAN 100. Note that the VLAN number is specified, and not the VLAN name. To view the list of VLANs, including which ports are assigned to each VLAN: Switch# show vlan VLAN Name Status Ports ---- -------------------------- --------- ----------- 1 default active fa0/1-9,11-24 100 MY_VLAN active fa0/10 1002 fddi-default suspended 1003 token-ring-default suspended 1004 fddinet-default suspended 1005 trnet-default suspended * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
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Cisco CCNA Study Guide - Router Alley

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