Cisco CCNA Study Guide - Router Alley

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CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 222 OSPF Network Types OSPF’s functionality is different across several different network topology types. OSPF’s interaction with Frame Relay will be explained in another section Broadcast Multi-Access – indicates a topology where broadcast occurs. • Examples include Ethernet, Token Ring, and ATM. • OSPF will elect DRs and BDRs. • Traffic to DRs and BDRs is multicast to 224.0.0.6. Traffic from DRs and BDRs to other routers is multicast to 224.0.0.5. • Neighbors do not need to be manually specified. Point-to-Point – indicates a topology where two routers are directly connected. • An example would be a point-to-point T1. • OSPF will not elect DRs and BDRs. • All OSPF traffic is multicast to 224.0.0.5. • Neighbors do not need to be manually specified. Point-to-Multipoint – indicates a topology where one interface can connect to multiple destinations. Each connection between a source and destination is treated as a point-to-point link. • An example would be Point-to-Multipoint Frame Relay. • OSPF will not elect DRs and BDRs. • All OSPF traffic is multicast to 224.0.0.5. • Neighbors do not need to be manually specified. Non-broadcast Multi-access Network (NBMA) – indicates a topology where one interface can connect to multiple destinations; however, broadcasts cannot be sent across a NBMA network. • An example would be Frame Relay. • OSPF will elect DRs and BDRs. • OSPF neighbors must be manually defined, thus All OSPF traffic is unicast instead of multicast. Remember: on non-broadcast networks, neighbors must be manually specified, as multicast Hello’s are not allowed. * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 223 Configuring OSPF Network Types The default OSPF network type for basic Frame Relay is Non-broadcast Multi-access Network (NBMA). To configure manually: Router(config)# interface s0 Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.1 101 Router(config-if)# ip ospf network non-broadcast Router(config)# router ospf 1 Router(config-router)# neighbor 10.1.1.1 Notice that the neighbor was manually specified, as multicasting is not allowed on an NBMA. However, the Frame-Relay network can be tricked into allowing broadcasts, eliminating the need to manually specify neighbors: Router(config)# interface s0 Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.1 101 broadcast Router(config-if)# ip ospf network broadcast Notice that the ospf network type has been changed to broadcast, and the broadcast parameter was added to the frame-relay map command. The neighbor no longer needs to be specified, as multicasts will be allowed out this map. The default OSPF network type for Ethernet and Token Ring is Broadcast Multi-Access. To configure manually: Router(config)# interface e0 Router(config-if)# ip ospf network broadcast The default OSPF network type for T1’s (HDLC or PPP) and Point-to-Point Frame Relay is Point-to-Point. To configure manually: Router(config)# interface s0 Router(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Router(config)# interface s0.1 point-to-point Router(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.1 101 broadcast Router(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
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