Cisco CCNA Study Guide - Router Alley

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CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 138 Router Memory, Quick Reference The following table details each of the basic types of router memory: Memory Writable? Volatile? Function ROM No No Stores bootstrap Flash Yes No Stores IOS NVRAM Yes No Stores startup-config RAM Yes Yes Stores running-config The Router Boot-Process, Quick Reference The following details the router boot process: 1. The router is powered on. 2. The bootstrap program (ROMmon) is loaded from ROM. 3. The bootstrap runs POST. 4. The bootstrap attempts to load the IOS from Flash. a. If the IOS is not found in Flash, the bootstrap loads into RAM the basic IOS stored in ROM. b. If the IOS is found in Flash, it is loaded into RAM. 5. The IOS attempts to load the startup-config file from NVRAM a. If the startup-config is not found in NVRAM, the IOS attempts to load a configuration file from TFTP. b. If no TFTP server responds, the router enters Initial Configuration Mode. c. If the startup-config is found in NVRAM, it is loaded into RAM. 6. The startup-config becomes the running-config in RAM. * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
CCNA Study Guide v2.62 – Aaron Balchunas 139 Interfaces vs Lines Cisco devices contain two distinctly different types of ports, interfaces and lines. Interfaces connect routers and switches to each other. In other words, traffic is actually routed or switched across interfaces. Examples of interfaces include (but are not limited to): • Serial interfaces • Ethernet interfaces • Fast Ethernet interfaces • Token Ring interfaces • ATM interfaces Interfaces are identified by both the type of interface, and the interface number (which always begins at “0”). Thus, the first Ethernet interface on a router would be identified as Ethernet0. Certain router families (such as the 3600 series) are modular, and have multiple “slots” for interfaces. Thus, interfaces on these routers are identified by both the module number and the interface number, formatted as: module/interface. Thus, the third Fast Ethernet interface on the first modular slot would be identified as FastEthernet0/2. Lines identify ports that allow us to connect into, and then configure, Cisco devices. The most common examples of lines include: • Console ports • Auxiliary ports • VTY (telnet) ports Just like interfaces, lines are identified by both the type of line, and the line number (again, always begins at “0”). Thus, the first console port on a router would be identified as Console0. * * * All original material copyright © 2013 by Aaron Balchunas (aaron@routeralley.com), unless otherwise noted. All other material copyright © of their respective owners. This material may be copied and used freely, but may not be altered or sold without the expressed written consent of the owner of the above copyright. Updated material may be found at http://www.routeralley.com.
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