How Policy Affects Early Childhood Care and Development.

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The South Africa case study provides a good example of how recommendations can be turned into policy language. The policy has not yet been put into place and implementation has not begun, so it is not possible to evaluate the effort. However a start has been made toward a policy that unifies diverse efforts into a cohesive nationwide response to the needs of young children. References Centre for Education Policy Development. 1994. Report of the South African Study on Early Childhood Development: Recommendations for Action in Support of Young Children. Washington D.C.: The World Bank. Consultative Group on Early Childhood Care and Development. 1993. Meeting Basic Learning Needs. UNICEF: New York. Evans, J. L. and K. Ismail. 1994. Malaysian Early Childhood Development Study. : UNICEF Malaysia. Federal Ministry of Education, Lagos, Nigeria. 1987. Guidelines of Pre-Primary Education. Primary Section. Government of Nigeria. Government of Botswana. 1994. The Revised National Policy on Education, Government Paper No. 2., Gabarone, Botswana. Government of Malaysia. n.d. Sixth Malaysia Plan: 1991-1995. Government of Malaysia n.d. Mid-term Review of the Sixth Malaysia Plan: 1991-1995. Karwowska-Struczyk, M. 1995. Who is Caring for Young Children in Poland? A report prepared for the project, Who is Caring for the Children? Consultative Group on Early Childhood Care and Development. Myers, R. G. 1995. The Twelve Who Survive. Ypsilanti, MI: High/Scope Press. Shaeffer, S. 1995. Report of the workshop on "Education for All: Five Years After Jomtien", in Education News, UNICEF Education Cluster. 5(3). Staatskoerant Government Gazette. 1994. Draft White Paper on Education and Training. General Notice. Notice 19030 of 1994. Department of Education. Pretoria, 23 September 1994, Vol 351, No 15974. Swaminathan, M. 1993. The Continuum of Maternity and Child Care Support: A Critique of Relevant Laws, Policies and Programmes from the Perspective of Women's Triple Roles. A Paper presented at the Sixth Conference on the Indian Association for Women's Studies, Mysore, May 31-June 2, 1993. UNICEF. 1994. Guidelines for the Establishment of Early Childcare Development and Education (ECCDE) Centres. In line with the Federal Government of Nigeria and UNICEF Cooperation Agreement on Basic Education. UNICEF: Nigeria. Yusof, K. and S. N. Zulkifil. 1992. Women and Children in East Asia. Situation Analysis Paper prepared for UNICEF Malaysia, June 1992. 24
Endnotes 1 The material for this case study has been taken from Malaysian Early Childhood Development Study by J.L. Evans and K. Ismail, 1994, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: UNICEF. 2 The material presented in the South African case study was taken from the Report of the South African Study on Early Childhood Development, published by the Centre for Education Policy Development, with support from the World Bank and USAID. Johannesburg, 1994. Copyright © 1995 The Consultative Group on Early Childhood Care and Development Early Childhood Counts: Programming Resources for Early Childhood Care and Development. CD-ROM. The Consultative Group on ECCD. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1999. 25
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