The full programme book (PDF) - Royal Geographical Society

T5
Increased channelization of subglacial meltwater drainage during deglaciation of
the Laurentide Ice Sheet
R.D. Storrar 1 *, C.R. Stokes 1 & D.J.A. Evans 1
1 Department of Geography, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE
The configuration of subglacial meltwater is a critical control on ice sheet dynamics and
the presence of pressurised water distributed across the bed can induce dynamic
instabilities. However, this process can be offset by efficient evacuation of water within
large subglacial channels, and drainage systems beneath Alpine glaciers have been
shown to become increasingly channelized throughout the melt season, in response to the
increased production of meltwater. This seasonal evolution has recently been inferred
beneath outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet, but the extent to which this process
occurs across much larger spatial and temporal scales is largely unknown, introducing
considerable uncertainty about the evolution of subglacial drainage networks at the ice
sheet scale and associated ice sheet dynamics. This poster uses an unprecedented
dataset of over 20,000 eskers, mapped from Landsat ETM+ imagery of Canada, and a
published ice margin chronology to reconstruct the evolution of channelized meltwater
systems during the final deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (13 to 7 cal ka). We
demonstrate that eskers become more frequent during deglaciation and that this coincides
with periods of increased rates of ice margin recession and climatic warming. Such
behaviour is reminiscent of the seasonal evolution of drainage systems observed on
smaller glaciers and implies that channelized drainage became increasingly important
during deglaciation. An important corollary is that the area of the bed subjected to a less
efficient pressurised drainage system decreased, which may have precluded dynamic
instabilities, such as surging or ice streaming.
Keywords: Esker; Laurentide; Canada; Ice Sheet; Deglaciation