Considering a Cadre Augmented Army - RAND Corporation

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-350- A Historical Analysis of Cadre systems but provides little detail regarding how these systems would work in the United States. 282 • In May 1990, retired General Hamilton H. Howze wrote an article arguing against cadre force. His article was titled: “Shrink Army If We Must, But Don’t Hollow It Out.” 283 Howze argued against cadre units from a morale perspective based on his own experiences serving in an under strength unit. He argues that “on the basis of that four-year experience and 31 additional years of military service … it is easy to say that there is no more stultifying, uninspiring, depressing and seemingly useless activity than that of serving in an under strength military unit. This is true in part because the officers and NCOs serving in such a unit know that the government places little importance on its combat effectiveness or even on its existence.” 284 However, there is a difference between an under strength unit which was intended to be at full-strength and a cadre unit which was intended to be under-strength. The peacetime duties assigned to the cadre are important in terms of personnel development and morale. As of mid-1990, the cadre concept had received public support from CBO and some professional Army officers but not everyone agreed on its desirability. Neither Congress nor the George H.W. Bush administration had publicly commented on the issue. This would change in August of 1990. ____________ 282 See Section 9.8.3 for a discussion of the German cadre system that existed in 1991. The Israeli cadre system maintains a small core of permanent officers (the Keva-Permanent) who are responsible for the army’s leadership, training, and war preparations. In wartime, these officers would lead units filled out by individuals from the Hova (compulsory service into which everyone is conscripted upon reaching age eighteen) and the Miluimm (a reserve of soldiers who have completed compulsory service). [Carter (1990), p. 18] 283 Howze (1990) 284 Howze (1990)
-351- A Historical Analysis of Cadre 9.5—RECONSTITUTION On August 2, 1990, the George H.W. Bush administration outlined a post-Cold War military strategy for the United States that included cadre forces. A key component of the new strategy was maintaining the ability to generate new forces. In a speech at the Aspen Institute, Bush expressed this goal: “Our strategy will guard against a major reversal in Soviet intentions by incorporating into our planning the concept of reconstitution of our forces. By the mid-nineties the time it would take the Soviets to return to the levels of confrontation that marked the depths of the Cold War will be sufficient to allow us to rely not solely on existing forces but to generate wholly new forces. The readiness to rebuild, made explicit in our defense policy, will be an important element in our ability to deter aggression.” 285 Although he did not explicitly refer to cadre units in his speech, they were a component of the reconstitution strategy. 286 On the same day as the President’s speech, the New York Times published an article outlining the administration’s new military strategy, which included new “Army reserve” (cadre) divisions. 287 Gordon writes that the new strategy would “take advantage of the longer warning time of a possible Soviet attack on Europe by creating new Army reserve divisions that could be brought up to full strength only if needed for a prolonged crisis. These ‘reconstitutable’ units would be partly manned and their equipment would be held in storage.” 288 The article goes on to say that the “new ‘reconstitutable’ Army reserve divisions ____________ 285 Bush (1990), emphasis added. 286 A 1992 Congressional Research Service (CRS) report explains that cadre units are a key component of reconstitution: “reconstitution has three major programmatic components,” the first of which is a “reliance on cadre units and stored equipment.” [Goldich (1992), Summary] 287 Gordon (1990). Gordon refers to cadre divisions as Army reserve divisions. It is important to note that these are different from the full-manned Army Reserves that existed at the time. 288 Gordon (1990)
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THE ARTS CHILD POLICY CIVIL JUSTICE
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Considering a Cadre Augmented Army
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- iii - PREFACE This dissertation e
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- vii - SUMMARY This dissertation c
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- ix - the similarities and differe
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- xiii - ACRONYMS Symbol AC AIT ARF
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-1- Introduction Introduction This
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-3- Introduction ability to rotate
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-5- Introduction In a force designe
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-7- Introduction increasing militar
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-9- Introduction peacetime have bee
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-14- A Budgetary Analysis of Cadre
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-260- A Historical Analysis of Cadr
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Page 393 and 394: -377- Conclusion Conclusion This di
Page 395 and 396: -379- Bibliography Bibliography Ada
Page 397 and 398: -381- Bibliography Carter, William
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Page 401 and 402: -385- Bibliography Garamone, Jim,
Page 403 and 404: -387- Bibliography Howze, Hamilton
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Page 407 and 408: -391- Bibliography Stewart, Richard
Page 409: -393- Bibliography Vick, Alan, Davi
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