Considering a Cadre Augmented Army - RAND Corporation

-320- A Historical Analysis of Cadre
reliance of the country was to be placed forthrightly upon citizen soldiers.” 170 Recognizing
that these forces alone would not be large enough to fight another World War, the NDA of
1920 created another force called the Organized Reserves.
The NDA of 1920 called for Organized Reserve units that would be manned in
peacetime with officers from the Officers’ Reserve Corps (ORC) and enlisted personnel
from the Enlisted Reserve Corps (ERC). Officers in the ORC were commissioned through
either the Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) or the Citizens Military Training Camps
(CMTCs). 171 The ERC was a federal reserve of enlisted personnel established by the NDA
of 1920. 172
The NDA of 1920 divided the nation into nine corps areas as shown in Figure 5.1.
Figure 5.1—Nine Corps Areas Outlined in National Defense Act of 1920 173
Each Corps Area was to contain one Regular Army division, two infantry divisions of the
National Guard, and three infantry divisions of the Organized Reserves. 174 The Organized
____________
170 Weigley (1984), p. 399
171 The CMTCs “had grown out of the pre-World War I ‘Plattsburg idea’ promoted by Army Chief of Staff
Leonard Wood” where men volunteered to attend military training camps in the summertime in exchange for
commissions.” [Crossland and Currie (1984), p. 39]
172 Crossland and Currie (1984), p. 35
173 Kreidberg and Henry (1955), p. 386