worksheet packet

NAME
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- Use with Text Paqes 416-421
r;t'- How Solutions Form
In each of the follawing statements, a term has been scrambled. Unscramble the term and write it on the line provided.
_____ ----:- 1. Solid solutions composed of metals usually are called loyals.
_________
__________
__________
2. When the particles of a mixture are evenly distributed throughout,
the mixture is housenogeom.
3. In a solution of sugar and water, the water is the noioels.
4. In a solution of salt and water, the salt is the stoleu.
___ --'- .,--5. Grinding a solid solute increases itsfarceus area.
_________
---,6. A gas dissolves best in a Hquid solvent when the solution is under
high spursere.
Circle the term in each set that is least related to the others. Then write a sentence explaining how the remaining
terms are related. Compare your answers to those of your classmates. There may be more than one correct set of
relationships.
)
1. solute, solution, ion, solvent _
2. stir, grind, heat, hydrate
3. dental amalgam, soda, sterling silver, brass
4. metal, air, alloy, solid ---'-- _
5. club soda, sugar water, vinegar, brass
6. air, gas, nitrogen, carbon _
Copyright e Glencoe/McGraw·HiII, a division of The McGraw·HiII Companies, Inc. 6

NAME
DATE
CLASS
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Use with Text Pages 416-421
(
/f,' How Solutions -Porm .
Complete the table below by writing the missing information in the appropriate box. Then answer the
following questions ...
.Solution Type Solvent Solute Example
gas
gas
solid
saltwater
solid.
dental amalgam
liquid
liquid
liquid
clubsodo
...
, )
solid
brass
-
Study the information in your table carefully. What is true about the state of the solvent and
the type of solution produced?
_
Circle the term in parentheses that makes each statement true.
1. A solid dissolves faster in a liquid if the temperature of the liquid is (increased, decreased).
2.. A gas dissolves faster in a liquid if the temperature of the liquid is (increased, decreased).
\
3. The (larger, smaller) the surface area of a solid, the faster it will dissolve.
4. When a gas is being dissolved in a liquid, stirring (speeds up, slows down) the dissolving
process.
5. When a solid is being dissolved in a liquid, stirring (speeds up, slows down) the dissolving
.process.
6. A gas dissolves faster ina liquid when under (high, low) pressure.
Study your responses to the exercise above. Use your responses to answer the following question.
7. How do the methods of speeding the rate of solution for dissolving a solid in a liquid compare
to the methods of speeding the rate of solution when dissolving a gas in a liquid?
Copyright ~ Glencoe/McGraw-Hili, a division of The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc.
61

NAME
t. Solubility and
,Concentration
In the blank at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that cOfr~
CLASS
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Use with Text Pages 424~29
completes each statement.
1. The maximum number of grams of solute that will dissolve in 100 g of solvent at a
certain temperature is the __ of the solute.
a. solubility b. dilution .
2. Different substances have
a. different
solubilities.
b.the same
3. The concentration of a mixture of two or more liquids is expressed as a
percentage by __ .
a. mass b. volume
4. A solution that has dissolved all the solute it can hold at a given temperature is __ .
a. unsaturated b. saturated
. -
5. As the temperature of a liquid solvent increases, the amount of solid solute that can be
dissolved in the solvent
a. increases b. decreases
6. Any solution that can hold more solute at a given temperature is __ .
a. unsaturated b. saturated
)
7. Each time a saturated solution is heated to a higher temperature, it becomes __ .
a. unsaturated b. supersaturated
8. A solution that contains more solute than a saturated one at a given
temperature is __ .
a. unsaturated b. supersaturated
9. Lines on a graph that show how much solute a solvent can hold at a given
temperature are called __ .
a. solution graphs b. solubility curves
10. The concentration of a solid solute in a liquid solvent is expressed as a
percentage by __ .
a. mass b. volume
11. A solution that has 4 g of KCI dissolved in 100mL of water is __ compared to a
solution that has 30 g of KCI dissolved in 100mL of water.
a. dilute b. concentrated
12. One mL of water has a mass of
a. one gram b. one kilogram
)
Copyright e Glencoe/McGraw-Hili, a division of The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. 63

NAME DATE CLASS
~=.~~~~
t"
Use with Text Pages 424--431
Solubility and
Concentration
Use the information in the table to graph the solubility curves for barium hydroxide~ Ba(OH)2; copperill) sulfate,
CuSO 4; potassium chloride, KCI; and sodium nitrate, NaN0 3
. Use a different colored pencil for each compound.
Solubility. in 9/100 9 water
Compound
Temperature
.o-c 20°C 60°C 100°C
Ba(OH)2 1.67 3.89 20.94 101.40
CuS0 4 23.10 32.00 61.80 114.00
KCI 28.0 34:2 45.8 56.30
NaN0 3 73.0 87.6 122.0 180.00
180.-----------------~---------------------------.
160
-.:-
~ 140
~
'0 120
~
o 100
o•...
~ 80
'-"
g 60
:0
:l 40
"'5
VI
20
0+---+---1---1---;---~---r--~---r---r---r---r---;
o 20 40 60 80 100 120
Temperature
(0C)
Use the infonnation in the table and your graph to answer the following questions.
1. At about what temperature will 100 g of water dissolve equal amounts of potassium chloride
and barium hydroxide? __ ~ _
2. At about what temperature will 37 g of both copper(ll) sulfate and potassium chloride dissolve
in 100 g of w,ater? _---.:. -'-- _
3. If 100 g of sodium nitrate are dissolved in 100 g of ~ater at 60°C is the solution formed
saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? ------
4. If 32 g of copper(ll) sulfate are dissolved in 100 g of water at 20 o e, is the solution produced
saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? -".-- _
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hili, a division of The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc.
63

NAME DATE CLASS
11. Particles in Solution
':.:;: ..•.
Match the terms in Column II with the definitions in Column 1. Write the number of the correct term in the correct
box in the grid. If you correctly complete the grid, the sum of the numbers in each horizontal and vertical row will be
the same. Thefirst one is donefor you.
Column I Column II
a. homogenous mixture 1. mixture
b. solution of metals 2. concentrated
c. charged atom
3. solution
d. can dissolve polar solutes and ionic solutes
e. substance being dissolved 4. solvent
f. substance that dissolves a solute 5. supersaturated solution
g. can dissolve only nonpolar solutes 6. unsaturated solution
h. number of grams of solute that will dissolve
7. dissocia tion
in 100 g of solvent
i. substance whose solutions do not conduct 8. nonelectrolyte
electricity 9. solubility
j. substance that separates into ions in a water 10. ion
solution
11.
k. contains more solute than a saturated
conductor
solution does at a given temperature 12. ionization
1. substance that allows electricity to pass 13. alloy
through it
r:
14. solute
solution that has all the solute it can hold at
15.
a given temperature
dilute
n. process by which ions split apart when dis- 16. nonpolar solvent
solved 17. polar solvent
o. process by which polar substances are pulled 18. saturated solution
apart in water
19.
p.
electrolyte
any solution that can dissolve more solute at
a given temperature
Answer Box
A3, B C D
,
E F G H
Totals
I J K L
M N 0 P
Totals
.,
~rrt IQ Gre~cGraw-Hili. a division of The. McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc.

NAME
. DATE
CLASS
IJse wiIilTexl:Pa.ges 432-434
Use the diagram below to answer questions 1-10 .
Particles in Solution
••
1. Is water a polar molecule or a nonpolar molecule? How do you know? _
2.IsHClpolarornonpolar?
3. What is the general rule that determines how polar and nonpolar substances dissolve?
_
(
4. Will HCl dissolve in water? ...,--~ _
5. What happens to the HCI molecule when it is placed in water? _
6. What happens to the hydrogen atom of the HCl molecule? " _
7. What happens to the chlorine atom of the HCl molecule? _
8. What is the process shown in the diagram called? _
;
9. Is HCl an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte? _
10. Will the solution conduct electricity? --'- _
64
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hili, a division of The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc.