Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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Criterion 5 Criterion 6 Delta meets this criterion due to hosting more than 20,000 water birds. Delta meets this criterion due to hosting % 1 <strong>of</strong> regional and/or world population <strong>of</strong> many avian species. Criterion 7 Delta meets this criterion because many <strong>of</strong> the endangered fish species concentrates in critical stage <strong>of</strong> their life cycles. Criterion 8 Kizilirmak Delta is one <strong>of</strong> the three sites hosting Ship Sturgeon in <strong>Turkey</strong>. Delta meets this criterion due to holding 1% <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Turkey</strong> population <strong>of</strong> Ship Sturgeon in breeding period. The number <strong>of</strong> birds and the observation years <strong>of</strong> the Mid-Winter Waterfowl Counts as follows;; 51,718 individuals in 1993;; 91,735 ind. in 1996;; 99,396 ind. in 1999;; 23,745 ind. in 2002;; 182,456 ind. in 2005;; 80,517 ind. in 2006;; and finally 57,502 ind. in 2007 and 108,527 ind. in 2008 and 124,182 in 2009. Holding more than 1% <strong>of</strong> the world population <strong>of</strong> Common pochard (Aythya ferina), Common teal (Anas crecca), Coot (Fulica atra), Redcrested pochard (Netta rufina). Ship Sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris), Star Sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) use Delta in their life cycles. Russian Sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Ship Sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris), Star Sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus), Common Sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), Giant Sturgeon (Huso huso) breeds in Delta. Management Structure diversity. The institutions are as follows;; Ministry <strong>of</strong> Environment and Forestry due to biological diversity aspects, General Directorate <strong>of</strong> State Hydraulic Works and Ministry <strong>of</strong> Agriculture and Rural Affairs due to agricultural activities as one <strong>of</strong> the main sources <strong>of</strong> income in the region, Cultural and Natural Areas Conservation Board and Ministry <strong>of</strong> Culture and Tourism due to natural site aspects <strong>of</strong> the site. In addition, there are three different district governorships (Ondokuzmayis, Bafra, Alacam), three district municipality (Ondokumayis, Bafra, Alacam) and five town municipalities (Doganca, Ikizpinar, Cetinkaya, Yorukler, Derekoy). Total number <strong>of</strong> the public institutions is sixteen. While the Ministry <strong>of</strong> Environment and Forestry, General Directorate <strong>of</strong> Nature Conservation and National Parks is the main authority for the wetlands and in the <strong>Ramsar</strong> Site boarders, the Cultural and Natural Areas Conservation Board is the main authority for the natural site. Hydrological Features Kizilirmak Delta is located in Kizilirmak Basin, one <strong>of</strong> the 26 water basins in <strong>Turkey</strong>. Bafra plain and its close environment, consists <strong>of</strong> eight sub-basins, has 1810.84 km 2 drainage area. Kizilirmak River, the second biggest river <strong>of</strong> <strong>Turkey</strong> in terms <strong>of</strong> drainage basin after Euphrates, is the most important river flowing through the site. Other main rivers 47
than Kizilirmak River are Engiz and Pilic stream with Darbogaz and Mera streams at the east <strong>of</strong> Bafra Plain and Ilyasli Stream, Gokcesu, Sogutluk, Gokcebogaz and Ulucay (Alacam) streams at the east <strong>of</strong> Bafra Plain. Natural circumstances creating delta and coast structure in east and west part <strong>of</strong> Kizilirmak Delta are the reason <strong>of</strong> different size <strong>of</strong> lakes. There are ten lakes at east coast;; namely Balik, Uzun, Gici, Tatli, Alintili, Parali, Cernek, Liman, Tuzlu and Suluklu lakes and two lakes at west coast <strong>of</strong> Kizilirmak Delta which are Karabogaz and Mulk lakes. Kizilirmak Delta, as many <strong>of</strong> the coastal wetland systems, suffers from pollution. Main reason <strong>of</strong> the pollution in surface and underground water <strong>of</strong> Kizilirmak Delta is chemicals used for agricultural activities. Kizilirmak River in the boarders <strong>of</strong> the delta does not meet the drinking water values because <strong>of</strong> this pollution. While operating <strong>of</strong> the waste water treatment unit in Bafra district helps to improve the water quality, it is still not at the required level <strong>of</strong> water quality in the wetlands system <strong>of</strong> Kizilirmak Delta. Geological Features Kizilirmak Delta, rises in steps from sea to the south, has an alluvial plain characteristic with a low slope, mainly composed <strong>of</strong> gravel, sand, silt and clay. Main part <strong>of</strong> the land in Kizilirmak Basin consists <strong>of</strong> soil under water (hydrmorphic soil) in the wetlands and reed fields. There are coastal dunes at sea sides, brown forest soils at inner sides and kind <strong>of</strong> soil formed by sediments (colluvial) <strong>of</strong> surface water and adjacent rivers Biological Features Habitats There are 3 main habitat types in Kizilirmak Delta which are classified as threatened according to Bern <strong>Convention</strong> criteria: Auxin saline swamps, South Black Sea permanent dunes, Southeast Europe ash-oak forests. There are 14 habitat types identified as a result <strong>of</strong> studies undertaken in the frame <strong>of</strong> Kizilirmak Delta Management Plan Sub-Projects. Bitter lake mirror: Balik, Uzun, Cernek, Liman, Karabogaz and Mulk Lakes have been classified as bitter lakes by salt ratio. In Liman Lake, there is rich vegetation <strong>of</strong> rock plants from Characeae family. Freshwater lake mirror: Tatli and Gici lakes are freshwater lakes. Many species <strong>of</strong> Potamogeton Family and other water plants are very rare at the east lakes <strong>of</strong> Delta. In coastal sides <strong>of</strong> lakes, Phragmites australis and Thypa sp. or Juncus acutus are seen. River: This habitat includes Kizilirmak River bed, and Geleric Forest nearby <strong>of</strong> the river. Wet meadows: Some periods <strong>of</strong> the year, wet meadow land close to the lakes are accumulated with water. That is Paspalum paspalodes meadow land. Apart from this species, some <strong>of</strong> the plant species live in the salt and freswater wetlands. These meadows have high importance due to being one <strong>of</strong> the main resources for livestock grazing. Mixed wide leaved forests: Generally, Quercus robur and Carpinus betulus species form these forests. Reedy lands: This habitat grop includes Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia, in patches Schoenoplectus lacustris groups. Salty marshes: Juncus littoralis - Artemisia santonicum - Tamarix - Vitex agnus-castus and in saltier areas Salicornia europaea are dominant species. 48
Page 1 and 2:
Ramsar Sit
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements We are thankful to
Page 5 and 6: Evaluation While the loss
Page 7 and 8: Index Ramsar <stro
Page 9 and 10: Map o GIS Unit 2
Page 11 and 12: determined and management plans are
Page 13 and 14: RAMSAR CRITERIA Criterion 1: A wetl
Page 15 and 16: the 24.523-hectare nature conservat
Page 17 and 18: plain had also started to sink and
Page 19 and 20: strepera), pied avocet (Recurvirost
Page 21 and 22: ) Visitors coming in groups for bir
Page 23 and 24: into the lake was designated as a n
Page 25 and 26: The lake with its immediate environ
Page 27 and 28: Amphibians and Reptiles The lake an
Page 29 and 30: is cultivated in remarkable portion
Page 31 and 32: Conservation Statuses A 23.585-hect
Page 33 and 34: around the lake. There are Lycium d
Page 35 and 36: The main occupation of</str
Page 37 and 38: G Demarcated by Erdemli distr
Page 39 and 40: Criteria 3 Criteria 4 Great white p
Page 41 and 42: Lakes and the supports e
Page 43 and 44: Fishery -tolerated stro
Page 45 and 46: Burdur Lake was decreed as a Waterb
Page 47 and 48: sulfate, chloride, sodium and magne
Page 49 and 50: (Eirenis modestus), four lined snak
Page 51 and 52: cological functioning and landscape
Page 53: Kizilirmak Delta is one of<
Page 57 and 58: (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Ship S
Page 59 and 60: The greenhouse area in the Kizilirm
Page 61 and 62: - Hustings, F. ve van Dijk, K. 199
Page 63 and 64: Lake Uluabat Ramsar</strong
Page 65 and 66: eds, sand plains, seasonal swamps a
Page 67 and 68: CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS Archeol
Page 69 and 70: One of the most re
Page 71 and 72: Gediz Delta Ramsar
Page 73 and 74: ird species at a hirundo) and Medit
Page 75 and 76: species under 206 genera of
Page 77 and 78: Land Use Urban settlements surround
Page 79 and 80: Akyatan Lagoon Ramsar</stro
Page 81 and 82: categories. Union Bird and Habitat
Page 83 and 84: The lake is linked to the sea via a
Page 85 and 86: 10 Gobius ophiocephalus Goby fish
Page 87 and 88: tural values. Akyatan Lagoon have b
Page 89 and 90: http://www.ogm-adanaobm.gov.tr/habe
Page 91 and 92: Important Plant Area Important Bird
Page 93 and 94: Criterion 6 There are species that
Page 95 and 96: GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS After Ceyhan and
Page 97 and 98: periods, among the birds observed i
Page 99 and 100: Wheat and cotton production in the
Page 101 and 102: spawning and illegal troll fishing
Page 103 and 104: Meke Maar Ramsar S
Page 105 and 106:
HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Total ann dur
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K Situated in the centre o
Page 109 and 110:
GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS The top unit is
Page 111 and 112:
References
Page 113 and 114:
Region in 2009. It also was designa
Page 115 and 116:
The Kalkankale formation in Lake Ku
Page 117:
Agriculture Dry agriculture activit
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Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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