Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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Criteria 6 A wetland, in a place with opportunity to obtain information about the populations, should be considered internationally important if it regularly supports 1% <strong>of</strong> the individuals in a population <strong>of</strong> one species or subspecies <strong>of</strong> waterbirds. 70 percent <strong>of</strong> world wintering population <strong>of</strong> white-headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala) occurs in the site. MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE Ministry <strong>of</strong> Environment and Forestry carries out the conservation and management activities for Lake Burdur since it is designated as wildlife improvement site and <strong>Ramsar</strong> Site. The site is also under the jurisdiction <strong>of</strong> Ministry <strong>of</strong> Culture and Tourism for being Natural Site <strong>of</strong> 1st Degree. HYDLOLOGICAL ASPECTS One <strong>of</strong> the deepest lakes <strong>of</strong> <strong>Turkey</strong>, Lake Burdur is <strong>of</strong> tectonic origin. Rainfall, surface flows;; aquifers in the lake basin, groundwater flows feed the closed basin lake. Discharge <strong>of</strong> the lake happens by evaporation. The lake stretches from northeast towards southwest. The temperature <strong>of</strong> the lake is about 25 falls. The temperature is about 7 similar climate conditions. The water level and surface area <strong>of</strong> the lake fluctuates seasonally and annually depending on the rainfall because the basin has no outlet. During observation period <strong>of</strong> 1959-1996 water level reached 857.45 m in May 1970, 848.15 in May 1996. This decrease has caused wetland habitat losses in serious proportions and shallow parts that bear great importance for waterbirds have dried up. In May when the 1971 earthquake took place, the average water level <strong>of</strong> Lake Burdur was recorded to be 857.53 m by State Water Works. The water level <strong>of</strong> the lake had rapidly increased from 1964 until the year the earthquake took place. Since then it decreased by 1241 cm until November 2002, according to the measures by the same institution. The reasons <strong>of</strong> this decrease are reported to be the meteorological phenomena and partly the lesser surface and ground water inflows reaching the lake. There are underground wells at a depth <strong>of</strong> 100-120 m and water in these wells could be reached at a depth <strong>of</strong> 45-50 m until two years ago, since when this level decreased by 10 m, the local people argue. Studies on Lake Burdur revealed the lake water characteristic is not appropriate to use for irrigation. The lake water comprises high concentration <strong>of</strong> 39
sulfate, chloride, sodium and magnesium ions. Some manufactories continue discharging their wastes into the lake, although they have waste treatment facilities. Inorganic the lake are loaded into Lake Burdur via Adalar stream and decrease the pH level <strong>of</strong> the water, where the stream empties into the lake. The manufactory, however, was closed in 1994. Other polluters are the irrigation waters drained from agriculture lands and wastes <strong>of</strong> Burdur province. While Lake Burdur has not shown much <strong>of</strong> a difference concerning the general water quality parameters in the past 20 years, heavy metal concentrations increase in line with the decrease in water level. However, the concentrations are expected to increase more depending on the decrease <strong>of</strong> the water volume in the lake;; the amount is thought to remain limited due to ground water inflows and meteorological factors. During the 27-year <strong>of</strong> measurements in Lake Burdur reveal that the lake surface decreased by almost 10 meters and lake volume by 27 percent. GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS There are geological formations dating back to II. III. and IV. periods in Lake Burdur Basin. The bedrock is generally <strong>of</strong> calcareous structure. Situated between Taurus kink system and Saruhan- Basin geologically elongates in the direction <strong>of</strong> Northwest-Southwest. Lake Burdur situated within this basin elongates in the same direction. Vast plains <strong>of</strong> 860-1000 m lie in the south. Heights surrounding the basin were fragmentized by fluvial and -1700 m are located in the west 2000 m, that mount next to the Neocene formations, with erosion surfaces over, with an altitude <strong>of</strong> 1250- , mountainous areas with an altitude <strong>of</strong> 1500 m surround its north. The northeastern part an altitude <strong>of</strong> 965 m. Post-Alpine tectonic movements and climate changes that occurred during quaternary lead to fragmentations, which had played a remarkable role for the basin to take its current nature. Paleocene (Eocene-Oligocene) formations occurred in Burdur Basin that had a synclinal character at the beginning <strong>of</strong> tertiary. These and older formations had become dislocated and deformed during Alpine orogenesis. In early Miocene the area where Burdur Basin is located had got depressed. The sediments carried from the elevations was loaded in this basin and sedimentary layers, named as Burdur lake deformation consisted <strong>of</strong> clayey, marly limestone occurred. Volcanic material emanating in the immediate environment during this era also diffused through the basin in patches. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS Habitats 40
Page 1 and 2: Ramsar Sit
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements We are thankful to
Page 5 and 6: Evaluation While the loss
Page 7 and 8: Index Ramsar <stro
Page 9 and 10: Map o GIS Unit 2
Page 11 and 12: determined and management plans are
Page 13 and 14: RAMSAR CRITERIA Criterion 1: A wetl
Page 15 and 16: the 24.523-hectare nature conservat
Page 17 and 18: plain had also started to sink and
Page 19 and 20: strepera), pied avocet (Recurvirost
Page 21 and 22: ) Visitors coming in groups for bir
Page 23 and 24: into the lake was designated as a n
Page 25 and 26: The lake with its immediate environ
Page 27 and 28: Amphibians and Reptiles The lake an
Page 29 and 30: is cultivated in remarkable portion
Page 31 and 32: Conservation Statuses A 23.585-hect
Page 33 and 34: around the lake. There are Lycium d
Page 35 and 36: The main occupation of</str
Page 37 and 38: G Demarcated by Erdemli distr
Page 39 and 40: Criteria 3 Criteria 4 Great white p
Page 41 and 42: Lakes and the supports e
Page 43 and 44: Fishery -tolerated stro
Page 45: Burdur Lake was decreed as a Waterb
Page 49 and 50: (Eirenis modestus), four lined snak
Page 51 and 52: cological functioning and landscape
Page 53 and 54: Kizilirmak Delta is one of<
Page 55 and 56: than Kizilirmak River are Engiz and
Page 57 and 58: (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Ship S
Page 59 and 60: The greenhouse area in the Kizilirm
Page 61 and 62: - Hustings, F. ve van Dijk, K. 199
Page 63 and 64: Lake Uluabat Ramsar</strong
Page 65 and 66: eds, sand plains, seasonal swamps a
Page 67 and 68: CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS Archeol
Page 69 and 70: One of the most re
Page 71 and 72: Gediz Delta Ramsar
Page 73 and 74: ird species at a hirundo) and Medit
Page 75 and 76: species under 206 genera of
Page 77 and 78: Land Use Urban settlements surround
Page 79 and 80: Akyatan Lagoon Ramsar</stro
Page 81 and 82: categories. Union Bird and Habitat
Page 83 and 84: The lake is linked to the sea via a
Page 85 and 86: 10 Gobius ophiocephalus Goby fish
Page 87 and 88: tural values. Akyatan Lagoon have b
Page 89 and 90: http://www.ogm-adanaobm.gov.tr/habe
Page 91 and 92: Important Plant Area Important Bird
Page 93 and 94: Criterion 6 There are species that
Page 95 and 96: GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS After Ceyhan and
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periods, among the birds observed i
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Wheat and cotton production in the
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spawning and illegal troll fishing
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Meke Maar Ramsar S
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HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Total ann dur
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K Situated in the centre o
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GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS The top unit is
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References
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Region in 2009. It also was designa
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The Kalkankale formation in Lake Ku
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Agriculture Dry agriculture activit
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Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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