Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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clay, silt, sand and grav deposited, as well as coastal sands and sand dunes. Elevations are 0-5 m and slope is 15 percent at the most in the delta. The waves the sand mounds create reach the sea, though the morphological structure varies within the region. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS Habitats halophytic steppes, beaches, sand dunes, agricultural areas and urban centers. There are two large lakes in the site. These are Paradeniz Lagoon that is connected to the sea and the east <strong>of</strong> Paradeniz are also within the delta. There are numerous seasonal small lakes within the site. Salinity values <strong>of</strong> the lakes change in line with the tide. There is an area has been flowing in its current bed, the edge <strong>of</strong> this fine sand area has started to erode away. WILDLIFE Flora The delta supports a rich array <strong>of</strong> plants thanks to the existence <strong>of</strong> habitats in varying ecological characteristics. At two meters <strong>of</strong> altitude from sea level, natural plant cover in iterranean maquis formations and intensive sand dune plants as well as halophyte steppes. Pinus brutia, also known as Turkish pine, is dominant in these forests. The sand dune system supports common myrtle, oleander, salix, restharrow, thorny burnet, south where freshwater dominates, is covered with bulrush (Typha sp.), weawer reed and reed (Phragmites sp.). Among reed beds and salty steppes or plant cover dominating the sand dunes, stretch a zone <strong>of</strong> sea clubrush, shrubs, salt cedars (Tamarix smyrnensis), bog bulrush (Scirpus sp.) and common bulrush (Juncus sp.). The surrounding saltwater areas <strong>of</strong> Paradeniz Lagoon supports sparse reed beds, glasswort (Salicornia sp.) and spiral ditchgrass (Ruppia cirrhosa). Besides the rich plant cover, the sand system also supports are covered with low and sloping halophytes. Eight endemic plant species out <strong>of</strong> 442 plant species in total have Among these are Aristolochia krausei, Bellevalia modesta, Beta adanenesis, Beta trojana, Bromus psammophilus ve Stachys pseudopinardii, which are endemic to <strong>Turkey</strong> and most <strong>of</strong> which are sand dune plants. Fish 33
Lakes and the supports eel, flathead mullet, carp and bluefish and Paradeniz supports sea bass, sea bream, common dentex, sharpsnout seabream, saddled seabream, white seabream, striped seabream and red porgy. Amphibians and reptiles amphibian and reptile species. Green toad, tree toad, plain frog, red-headed whip snake, lebetine viper, ocellated skink and common chameleon are some <strong>of</strong> these species. The turtles (Caretta caretta) and green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) through the Mediterranean coasts. Endangered Nile s<strong>of</strong>t-shelled turtle is also known to exists in the site. Birds One <strong>of</strong> the rare coastal wetlands in Mediterranean region, natural structure <strong>of</strong> which s numerous waterbirds with feeding, breeding, wintering and stopover opportunities with its convenient climate conditions, varying habitats and available nutrients. In the observations so far, 328 bird species are recorded in the site. Purple heron (Ardea purpurea), squacco heron (Ardeola ralloides), blackcrowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), marbled duck (Marmaronetta angustirostris), ferruginous duck (Ayhya nyroca), purple swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio), stone curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus), collared pratincole (Glareola pratincola), kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus), spur-winged lapwing (Hoplopterus spinosus), little tern (Sterna albifrons), Smyrna kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis) are the bird species breeding in the site that earn the site status <strong>of</strong> wetland <strong>of</strong> international importance. For being highly rich in terms <strong>of</strong> bird species, local and foreign birdwatchers have haunted the site. There are five birdwatching towers, one <strong>of</strong> them bigger, in the delta. Mammals Wild boar, wolf, fox, bear, badger, squirrel, weasel, hedgehog and rabbit are the primary mammals seen in the site. CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS Archeology archeological values. Three mound remnants within the delta are presumed to belong to Hittite period. Great building remnants from Roman and Byzantium times were discovered in the sand dunes around Paradeniz Lagoon. There are some other remnants -siblings tombs. There are Roman, Byzantium and Armenian remnants in the west <strong>of</strong> the delta dating back to 13-14 th 34
Page 1 and 2: Ramsar Sit
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements We are thankful to
Page 5 and 6: Evaluation While the loss
Page 7 and 8: Index Ramsar <stro
Page 9 and 10: Map o GIS Unit 2
Page 11 and 12: determined and management plans are
Page 13 and 14: RAMSAR CRITERIA Criterion 1: A wetl
Page 15 and 16: the 24.523-hectare nature conservat
Page 17 and 18: plain had also started to sink and
Page 19 and 20: strepera), pied avocet (Recurvirost
Page 21 and 22: ) Visitors coming in groups for bir
Page 23 and 24: into the lake was designated as a n
Page 25 and 26: The lake with its immediate environ
Page 27 and 28: Amphibians and Reptiles The lake an
Page 29 and 30: is cultivated in remarkable portion
Page 31 and 32: Conservation Statuses A 23.585-hect
Page 33 and 34: around the lake. There are Lycium d
Page 35 and 36: The main occupation of</str
Page 37 and 38: G Demarcated by Erdemli distr
Page 39: Criteria 3 Criteria 4 Great white p
Page 43 and 44: Fishery -tolerated stro
Page 45 and 46: Burdur Lake was decreed as a Waterb
Page 47 and 48: sulfate, chloride, sodium and magne
Page 49 and 50: (Eirenis modestus), four lined snak
Page 51 and 52: cological functioning and landscape
Page 53 and 54: Kizilirmak Delta is one of<
Page 55 and 56: than Kizilirmak River are Engiz and
Page 57 and 58: (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Ship S
Page 59 and 60: The greenhouse area in the Kizilirm
Page 61 and 62: - Hustings, F. ve van Dijk, K. 199
Page 63 and 64: Lake Uluabat Ramsar</strong
Page 65 and 66: eds, sand plains, seasonal swamps a
Page 67 and 68: CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS Archeol
Page 69 and 70: One of the most re
Page 71 and 72: Gediz Delta Ramsar
Page 73 and 74: ird species at a hirundo) and Medit
Page 75 and 76: species under 206 genera of
Page 77 and 78: Land Use Urban settlements surround
Page 79 and 80: Akyatan Lagoon Ramsar</stro
Page 81 and 82: categories. Union Bird and Habitat
Page 83 and 84: The lake is linked to the sea via a
Page 85 and 86: 10 Gobius ophiocephalus Goby fish
Page 87 and 88: tural values. Akyatan Lagoon have b
Page 89 and 90: http://www.ogm-adanaobm.gov.tr/habe
Page 91 and 92:
Important Plant Area Important Bird
Page 93 and 94:
Criterion 6 There are species that
Page 95 and 96:
GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS After Ceyhan and
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periods, among the birds observed i
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Wheat and cotton production in the
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spawning and illegal troll fishing
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Meke Maar Ramsar S
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HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Total ann dur
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K Situated in the centre o
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GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS The top unit is
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References
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Region in 2009. It also was designa
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The Kalkankale formation in Lake Ku
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Agriculture Dry agriculture activit
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Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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