Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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Agriculture is the most important source <strong>of</strong> income <strong>of</strong> the local people. Agriculture lands are clustered in northern and southern portions <strong>of</strong> the site. In illages in the north <strong>of</strong> the site an area <strong>of</strong> 1897ha is used for agricultural purposes. Sugar beet, sunflower, wheat and barley are produced in these lands. In used for agricultural purposes. Apple is produced in this area in addition to those produced in northern parts. The Environmentally- carrying out agricultural activities in line with the characteristics <strong>of</strong> the land and livestock production so that popularizing production <strong>of</strong> plants with less irrigation requirements, controlled pesticide and fertilizer use, more convenient irrigation techniques requiring less water and rehabilitating the lands has been implemented in Kayseri since 2005. Livestock One <strong>of</strong> the main means <strong>of</strong> living <strong>of</strong> local people <strong>of</strong> Sultan Marshes and its immediates is livestock production. It is a subordinate source <strong>of</strong> income in the region. A large portion <strong>of</strong> the meadows in and around Sultan Marshes were opened to agriculture. Seasonally flooded meadows apart from these are used for pasture except in winters. Because livestock production in the region is carried out conventionally, most <strong>of</strong> the animals <strong>of</strong> the local people graze inside or around the conservation site during the year. Local people use a total <strong>of</strong> 13.502ha area inside the conservation site as pasture. Sheep are grazed in the steppes and cows and buffalos are grazed in swamp areas. Almost 24.000 cattle and 38.000 small ruminants are raised in the settlements in Sultan Marshes and surrounds. The grazing pressure in the site is accordingly high. Reed Harvesting area to earn a source <strong>of</strong> income. Reed harvesting is a widespread activity in Sultan Marshes and annually about 1500 tons <strong>of</strong> reed is cut. Most <strong>of</strong> the reed is exported abroad. The annually exported reed amount reaches up to 300.000 bundles (each bunch contains 200-400 units <strong>of</strong> reed). A reed bundling and storage facility was established in Moreover, the reeds used as fodder and ro<strong>of</strong> material in the region constitute a key source <strong>of</strong> income in the area. Reed (Phragmites australis) and bulrush (Thypha sp.) species are harvested mostly in August and September. Recreation and Tourism Visitors and some groups <strong>of</strong> interest in Sultan Marshes developed tourism activities and facilities without being planned and based on any rules as usual. Annual number <strong>of</strong> visitors is around 1500 depending on the condition <strong>of</strong> the site. Due to the drought in the past three years, the number <strong>of</strong> visitors keeps around hundreds. Visitors can be categorized in two groups: a) Visitors coming individually for birdwatching, who are mostly foreigners, 13
) Visitors coming in groups for birdwatching and recreation consisted mostly <strong>of</strong> local students. Two birdwatching towers are built in the site for the visitors. Because there is no walktrack arrangements, visitors use the existing pathways and routes used by the local people. The owners <strong>of</strong> guest houses organize boat tours aboard caiques moved by quants ion site. These boat tours can be done when the water level is high. Use for Research Purposes Due to its ecological characteristic and biodiversity, Sultan Marshes has served as an open laboratory for the scientific researches to Gazi, Hacettepe Universities Environment, Agriculture and Science Faculties. WETLAND MANAGEMENT PLAN GEF-II Project for sustainable development, supported by the World Bank, was launched in the region in 2000. Sultan Marshes Wetland Management Plan, prepared in 2007, is still being implemented. References Aksoy A, 2004. GEF- ENCON, 1999. Ankara. ve Final Raporu- Somuncu M., 1988. , Jeomorfoloji Dergisi 16 : 37 45. Sultan S-2007. R - 14
Page 1 and 2: Ramsar Sit
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements We are thankful to
Page 5 and 6: Evaluation While the loss
Page 7 and 8: Index Ramsar <stro
Page 9 and 10: Map o GIS Unit 2
Page 11 and 12: determined and management plans are
Page 13 and 14: RAMSAR CRITERIA Criterion 1: A wetl
Page 15 and 16: the 24.523-hectare nature conservat
Page 17 and 18: plain had also started to sink and
Page 19: strepera), pied avocet (Recurvirost
Page 23 and 24: into the lake was designated as a n
Page 25 and 26: The lake with its immediate environ
Page 27 and 28: Amphibians and Reptiles The lake an
Page 29 and 30: is cultivated in remarkable portion
Page 31 and 32: Conservation Statuses A 23.585-hect
Page 33 and 34: around the lake. There are Lycium d
Page 35 and 36: The main occupation of</str
Page 37 and 38: G Demarcated by Erdemli distr
Page 39 and 40: Criteria 3 Criteria 4 Great white p
Page 41 and 42: Lakes and the supports e
Page 43 and 44: Fishery -tolerated stro
Page 45 and 46: Burdur Lake was decreed as a Waterb
Page 47 and 48: sulfate, chloride, sodium and magne
Page 49 and 50: (Eirenis modestus), four lined snak
Page 51 and 52: cological functioning and landscape
Page 53 and 54: Kizilirmak Delta is one of<
Page 55 and 56: than Kizilirmak River are Engiz and
Page 57 and 58: (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Ship S
Page 59 and 60: The greenhouse area in the Kizilirm
Page 61 and 62: - Hustings, F. ve van Dijk, K. 199
Page 63 and 64: Lake Uluabat Ramsar</strong
Page 65 and 66: eds, sand plains, seasonal swamps a
Page 67 and 68: CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS Archeol
Page 69 and 70: One of the most re
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Gediz Delta Ramsar
Page 73 and 74:
ird species at a hirundo) and Medit
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species under 206 genera of
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Land Use Urban settlements surround
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Akyatan Lagoon Ramsar</stro
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categories. Union Bird and Habitat
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The lake is linked to the sea via a
Page 85 and 86:
10 Gobius ophiocephalus Goby fish
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tural values. Akyatan Lagoon have b
Page 89 and 90:
http://www.ogm-adanaobm.gov.tr/habe
Page 91 and 92:
Important Plant Area Important Bird
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Criterion 6 There are species that
Page 95 and 96:
GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS After Ceyhan and
Page 97 and 98:
periods, among the birds observed i
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Wheat and cotton production in the
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spawning and illegal troll fishing
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Meke Maar Ramsar S
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HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Total ann dur
Page 107 and 108:
K Situated in the centre o
Page 109 and 110:
GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS The top unit is
Page 111 and 112:
References
Page 113 and 114:
Region in 2009. It also was designa
Page 115 and 116:
The Kalkankale formation in Lake Ku
Page 117:
Agriculture Dry agriculture activit
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Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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