Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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Criteria 4 Criteria 5 Criteria 6 Lake Kuyucuk is a stopover, feeding and breeding area for many bird species with respect to its location. More than 20.000 waterbirds are observed regularly in Lake Kuyucuk. Over 10.000 ruddy shelducks are observed regularly in the site in falls. summers. Since it is the only shallow lake in the region, Lake Kuyucuk supports 214 bird species during their migration and breeding periods. Including white-headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala) 14 species breed in the site. Lake Kuyucuk supports thousands <strong>of</strong> ruddy shelduck, grayleg goose and Eurasian coot during migration in falls. According to 2004 census more than 20.000 ruddy shelduck, almost 10.000 grayleg goose, about 10.000 Eurasian coot and 40 other waterbird species are observed in the lake. This number corresponds to almost 5-12 percent <strong>of</strong> the 170.000- 220.000 estimated world population <strong>of</strong> ruddy shelduck. In 2004, 2006 and 2007 20.000, 13.000 and 10.000 ruddy shelducks were recorded in the lake. MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE The site is controlled under competence <strong>of</strong> Ministry <strong>of</strong> Environment and Forestry Kars Provincial Directorate General <strong>of</strong> Environment and Forestry due to having <strong>Ramsar</strong> Site and Wildlife Reserve conservation statuses. The management plan <strong>of</strong> the site is expected to be completed by early 2011. The management plan will be executed by the Kars province local Wetland Commission that consists <strong>of</strong> local administrations, relevant village authorities, Caucasian University and HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Situated in Kars-Akyaka Plato, the lake is fed by spring water. The deepest point <strong>of</strong> the lake is 13 meters. Waters carrying nitrate, phosphate and other chemicals from the surrounding agriculture lands may leak into the lake. Chemical measurements conducted in springs <strong>of</strong> 2006 and 2007 for the first time revealed that the lake water is relatively clean and the lake is an ideal candidate for ecological restoration. GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS 107
The Kalkankale formation in Lake Kuyucuk and surrounds consisted <strong>of</strong> early Pliocene old sandstone, mudstone and schist covers vast areas forming the plain and low-pitched areas. Early Pliocene old Kura volcanites (agglomerate, tuff, and andesite) form the pumice, obsidian) form the elevations in southwest. Lake Kuyucuk and its immediates are generally plain and low-pitched. Its elevation ranges around 1.630 m - 1.640 m. Perkit Creek located in a deep valley in the north <strong>of</strong> Lake Kuyucuk flows through 1.567 m and 1.548 m. Hills have 1.665- 1.675 m <strong>of</strong> elevation values. Average slope in the immediates <strong>of</strong> the lake is 0-5 percent, whereas hills vary between 5-15 percent. The highest slope in the site is through the valley, where Perkit Creek flows. Topographic elevations <strong>of</strong> Lake Kuyucuk the west;; Yumru Heights (1.656 m) and Mevzili Heights (1.655 m) in the southwest. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS Habitats The surface <strong>of</strong> the lake covers most <strong>of</strong> the site. There are wet meadows around and small reed beds particularly in southern parts <strong>of</strong> the lake. The unwooded steppes surrounding the lake are used for cereals and fodder plants cultivation and livestock production. WILDLIFE Flora Lake Kuyucuk supports the globally threatened plant species named Elymus sosnowskyi that is endemic to <strong>Turkey</strong>. Though bulrush (Typha sp.), reed (Phragmites sp.) and common cattail (Juncus sp.) occur by the lake, the shores <strong>of</strong> the lake are indeed poor in terms <strong>of</strong> plant cover. The unwooded steppes surrounding the lake are used for cereals and fodder plants cultivation and livestock production. Fish The lake supports no species due to its highly acidic water. Amphibians and Reptiles European green toad (Bufo viridis) and marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) are the amphibian species and sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) is the reptile species recorded in the site. Birds 108
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Ramsar Sit
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Acknowledgements We are thankful to
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Evaluation While the loss
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Index Ramsar <stro
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Map o GIS Unit 2
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determined and management plans are
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RAMSAR CRITERIA Criterion 1: A wetl
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the 24.523-hectare nature conservat
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plain had also started to sink and
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strepera), pied avocet (Recurvirost
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) Visitors coming in groups for bir
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into the lake was designated as a n
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The lake with its immediate environ
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Amphibians and Reptiles The lake an
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is cultivated in remarkable portion
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Conservation Statuses A 23.585-hect
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around the lake. There are Lycium d
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The main occupation of</str
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G Demarcated by Erdemli distr
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Criteria 3 Criteria 4 Great white p
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Lakes and the supports e
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Fishery -tolerated stro
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Burdur Lake was decreed as a Waterb
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sulfate, chloride, sodium and magne
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(Eirenis modestus), four lined snak
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cological functioning and landscape
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Kizilirmak Delta is one of<
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than Kizilirmak River are Engiz and
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(Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Ship S
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The greenhouse area in the Kizilirm
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- Hustings, F. ve van Dijk, K. 199
Page 63 and 64: Lake Uluabat Ramsar</strong
Page 65 and 66: eds, sand plains, seasonal swamps a
Page 67 and 68: CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS Archeol
Page 69 and 70: One of the most re
Page 71 and 72: Gediz Delta Ramsar
Page 73 and 74: ird species at a hirundo) and Medit
Page 75 and 76: species under 206 genera of
Page 77 and 78: Land Use Urban settlements surround
Page 79 and 80: Akyatan Lagoon Ramsar</stro
Page 81 and 82: categories. Union Bird and Habitat
Page 83 and 84: The lake is linked to the sea via a
Page 85 and 86: 10 Gobius ophiocephalus Goby fish
Page 87 and 88: tural values. Akyatan Lagoon have b
Page 89 and 90: http://www.ogm-adanaobm.gov.tr/habe
Page 91 and 92: Important Plant Area Important Bird
Page 93 and 94: Criterion 6 There are species that
Page 95 and 96: GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS After Ceyhan and
Page 97 and 98: periods, among the birds observed i
Page 99 and 100: Wheat and cotton production in the
Page 101 and 102: spawning and illegal troll fishing
Page 103 and 104: Meke Maar Ramsar S
Page 105 and 106: HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Total ann dur
Page 107 and 108: K Situated in the centre o
Page 109 and 110: GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS The top unit is
Page 111 and 112: References
Page 113: Region in 2009. It also was designa
Page 117: Agriculture Dry agriculture activit
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Ramsar Sites of Turkey - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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