The German-Dutch Communist Left - Libcom

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Rühle (Otto), 13, 17, 21, 62, 120, 131, 147-148, 152-153, 156-157, 159, 173-175, 178, 182, 184, 188, 195, 202- 203, 207, 219, 252-253, 261, 280-284, 295-296, 298, 305-306, 375, 383-384, 386, 391-393, 398, 402, 404- 407, 417, 420-421, 425-427, 434 Rühle-Gerstel (Alice), 203 Ruminov (Basil Ivanovitch, or Vassili), 209 Ruminova (Katya), 209 Russo (Enrico), 234, 316, 319 Rüter (Adolf Johann Cord), 64 Rutgers (Sebald Justinus), 32, 140, 144, 149, 150, 170- 171, 400 RWL, 449 SAA, 114, 449 Sabath (Gustav), 206 Sabatier (Guy), 386 Sach (Emil) [alias Erdmann], 154, 173, 196, 199, 204- 205, 208, 210, 405-406, 408 Saefkow (Anton), 374 Saint-James (Daniel), 285 Salama (Robert) [alias Mousso], 285 Santen (Sal), 394 SAP, 248, 252, 281, 305, 332, 341, 384, 408, 435, 450 SAPMO, 394, 435, 439 Sara (Henry), 206 Sarekat Islam, 59, 60 Sauer (Robert), 159 SAT, 222, 411, 450 SAV, 114, 125, 138, 450 Savornin Lohman (jonkheer Alexander Frederik de), 48, 70 SB, 371, 376, 450 Shablin (Nikolai) [ps. of Nedyalkov (Ivan)], Schaepman (Herman), 24 Schafranek (Hans), 5, 204, 430 Schaper (Johan Hendrik), 30, 38, 45, 67 Scharrer (Adam) [alias Adam; or Licht (Adam)], 154, 173, 193, 207, 233, 394, 402, 428, 433 Scheffer (W.J.), 210 Scheidemann (Philipp), 128, 144, 239 Scheuer (Georg) [alias Armand, Gaston, Martin, Martin Bucher], 6, 378. Schieschke (Hans), 410 Schilp (Dirk), 304 Schippel (Max), 29 Schlageter (Albert Leo), 159 Schlick (Moritz), 285 Šmeral (Bohumir), 153, 170 Schmidt (Conrad), 29 Schmidt (Petrus Johannes), 331-332, 341 Schneider (Ernst) [alias Icarus], 172, 280, 408, 411, 425 Schorske (Carl E.), 98-100 Schouwink (H.), 210 Schrevel (Margreet), 373, 375 Schriefer (Jan), 331, 337 Schröder (Karl) [alias: Wolf (Karl); Zech; Lichtenberg, (Ernst)], 141, 154, 156-157, 173-174, 176, 189, 191- 196, 198, 200, 202, 206, 208-210, 224, 236, 252, 281, 304, 321, 375, 393, 405, 420, 422, 426-427, 433, 435, 441 Schubert (Emil), 203 Schulze-Boysen (Harro), 427 Schutz (Alfred), 312 Schwab (Alexander) [alias: Sachs (Franz); or Sigrist], 154, 200, 202, 205, 210, 236, 252, 281, 393, 433, 435 Schwarz (Ernst), 211, 228-231, 244-245, 408 Schwers (August), 206 SDAP, 2, 27, 30-32, 34-41, 43, 45, 48-60, 62, 65-72, 85- 86, 89, 95, 109, 113, 120-121, 123-124, 126, 128, 132- 137, 139-141, 204, 211, 218, 305, 327, 334, 341-342, 378, 400-402, 411, 428-429, 450 SDB, 2, 27, 28, 30, 31, 35, 38, 56, 67, 135, 450 SDKPiL, 34, 65, 145, 256, 450 SDP, 2-3, 28, 35, 37, 44, 50-62, 65-72, 77, 105, 108, 114-116, 119-140, 223, 378, 402, 411, 428-429, 450 Secrève (M.), 207 Sedov (Lev Lvovitch), 342 Sellier (Henri), 322 ‘Senator Schröder’, 153, 221, 426, 439 Serge (Victor), 342 Severing (Carl), 152, 172, 182 Seyss-Inquart (Arthur), 327, 335 SFIO, 300, 322, 341, 450 Shell, 52 Shipway (Mark), 5, 203, 417, 429, 438 Sié (Jean), 260 Sijes (Bernard Aaron, or Ben), 6, 20, 68, 73, 222-223, 225, 248, 280, 285, 303, 340, 342-343, 350, 369-370, 379, 381-382, 388, 401-402, 413, 423, 426, 429-430, 440 Simon (Claude), 282 Simon (Henri), 5, 317, 373, 378, 382, 424 Singer (Paul), 52 Sinigaglia (Roberto), 319, 430 400
Sirach (Eduard), 234, 2381, 280 Slagter (A.) 208 SLP, 168, 450 Smart (D.A.), 160, 387 Smyth (Nora), 206 Sneevliet (Henk) [alias Maring; Kawan Merah; Baanbreker], 2, 18, 32, 38, 53, 55-56, 59-60, 66-67, 69, 72-73, 135, 137, 140-150, 171-172, 204, 217-218, 283, 301, 304, 310, 327, 331-334, 336, 338-343, 345- 346, 358, 378, 382, 400-401, 413, 428-430, 440, 443 Socialisme van onderop (group), 356-357 Socialisme ou Barbarie (SB), 289, 350, 365-366, 374, 440 Soep (Abraham), 113, 121, 135 Sorel (Georges), 83, 87-88, 108 Southern Advocate for Workers’ Councils (group), 363, 373, 405-406 SP, 120, 126, 132, 138, 140, 168, 235, 450 SPGB, 367, 381, 450 Spiekman (Hendrik), 67 Spinoza (Baruch), 24, 35, 141 Stalin (Joseph), 244, 254, 257-258, 279, 282, 285-286, 297, 302, 305, 333, 338, 343, 349, 360, 437 Stambulisky (Aleksandar), 184 Steuermann (Carl) [ps. of Rühle (Otto)], 203, 295, 305, 417, 418 Stinas (Aghis) [ps.: Spiros], 318, 349, 378 Stolypin (Piotr Arkadievtich), 174 Strasser (Josef), 100, 101, 102, 110, 416 Struve (Piotr), 26, 66 Stucke (Carl), 150, 171 Stutje (Jan Willem), 124 Sukarno (Achmed), 59, 361 SWV, 210, 245, 281, 375, 450 Swinderen (D. van), 210 Taibo II (Paco Ignacio), 186, 410 Tak (Pieter Lodewijk), 40, 67 Tas (Salomon; or Sal), 205, 321, 368 TBN, 318, 419 Tempel (Jan van den), 324 Thalheimer (August), 171, 393, 448 Thälmann (Ernst), 221 Thorbecke (Johan Rudolf), 18 Tichelman (Fritjof), 68, 329, 417 Timoneros (Carlos), 203 [ps. of Rühle (Otto)] Tito (Broz, Josip), 11, 242, 381 Tiun Shu Kwa, 168 Tolstoy (Lev Nikolaievitch), 33, 126 Treub (Marie Willem Frederik), 57 Troelstra (Pieter Jelles), 2, 30-31, 34, 37-39, 41, 43-50, 52-55, 58, 60, 67, 68-70, 82, 85, 89, 113, 121, 126, 128, 132-133, 135, 139-141, 186, 342, 401, 429, 450 Trotsky (Lev Davidovitch), 14-15, 67-68, 71, 73, 90, 93, 109, 120-124, 138, 150, 158, 166-167, 171, 174, 176, 180, 185, 200-201, 203-204, 237, 257, 278, 282, 301- 302, 305-306, 321-322, 330-332, 338-339, 341-342, 345, 384, 401-402, 406, 436 Tukhachevsky (Mikhail Nikolaevich), 180, 201 UAP, 245, 450 UGT, 310, 315, 450 Union communiste (group), 312, 318-321, 410 Urbahns (Hugo), 228, 404 Uritsky (Moisei Solomonovich), 118 USPD, 57, 63, 73, 94, 147, 149, 151-152, 154-155, 159, 173-174, 200, 203, 224, 245-246, 396, 423, 438-439, 442, 447, 450 Utzelmann (Franz Peter) [alias Kempin], 183, 202-203, 281, 374 Vaillant (Edouard), 52, 67 Van (Ngo), 2, 376 Van Gogh (Vincent), 136 Van t’Hart (Piet), 333 [see: Perthus (Max)] Vastenhouw (Jan), 346, 349, 380 VCN, 141, 450 VCP, 141, 450 Vegt (Helmig Jan van der), 64 Verduin (Bernard), 152, 210, 248, 411 Vereeken (Georges), 332, 338, 342, 343, 347, 352, 366, 379 Viant (S.P.), 206 Vink (Izaak [Koos] de), 246 Vink (Jacobus de), 246 Visser (Louis) de, 125, 139, 171 VKPD, 182, 183, 184, 185, 188, 189, 203, 414, 438, 450 Vliegen (Willem), 31, 38, 41, 42, 43, 45, 49, 60, 67, 85, 89, 108, 113, 128, 134, 135, 139, 141 VMV, 126, 450 VOC, 24, 450 Voerman (Gerritt), 398, 428 Vollmar (Georg Heinrich von), 29, 33 401
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PHILIPPE BOURRINET The Dutch and Ge
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The Dutch and German Communist Left
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General studies ...................
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INTRODUCTION Despite the theoretica
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In fact, it was not the GIC, but th
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history of the Dutch communist curr
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Chapter 1: Origins and Formation of
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1862-1866, 1871-1872); these conser
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Dutch and German workers’ movemen
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However, this ‘radicalism’ of D
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emained an internationalist. It is
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a formidable weapon against the lef
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form the Tribunist movement: Mendel
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of the organisation. 31 He only dev
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The support given to the various re
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Using the pretext of the struggle a
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the end of 1903. 57 By contrast, a
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Bolsheviks had deputies in the Duma
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imposed to form an organised fracti
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was obliged to include in the pream
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‘right’ 100 - which was based i
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This was the beginning of an increa
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carried out by the SDP - in the for
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The growth of Dutch imperialism cou
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Wijnkoop’s suggestion, the SDP’
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evolution. 125 Right up until the w
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helped to write the pamphlet addres
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section, supported a counter-resolu
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Chapter 2 Pannekoek and ‘Dutch’
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The philosophical bases of radical
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Wrongly presented by its opponents
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is most necessary. Only knowledge g
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ended in defeat - but whatever help
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The Dutch Left never considered the
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ourgeois revolutions, thinks of not
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eligious faith in the success of th
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organisations they had so patiently
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forces... The most backward country
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mass strikes; the proletariat’s s
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‘Great Night’: “[passive radi
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economic, and whose political domin
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letter to Paul Lafargue (20 th June
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Luxemburg in urging a clear rejecti
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explicit criticism of their leaders
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As in most of the belligerent count
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the main goal was the return to pea
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Gorter’s analyses were remarkable
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political factors which led to this
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During 1915, opposition to the war
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inform its readers about the Confer
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It is noteworthy that Roland Holst
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powerful opposition to this policy
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The workers’ reaction was immedia
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concealed the Wijnkoop leadership
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Lenin was quite right to emphasise
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“Don’t you feel, little by litt
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dissolved itself. There only remain
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Chapter 4 THE DUTCH LEFT IN THE KOM
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Spartakusbund not rejected particip
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However, the circular of the Komint
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Kommunist, publication of the Breme
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Russians - like Trotsky 433 - no lo
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The resolution adopted by the confe
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Led by Wolffheim and Laufenberg, th
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Pannekoek’s great clear-sightedne
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Rühle’s anti-party current. But
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All these accusations fail to stand
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not that of a general staff, in whi
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democrats and bourgeois in the war
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The unions also resemble the state
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eal decision-making centre. In this
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communism extends from the Rhine to
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The NEP (New Economic Policy) in th
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and the workers, who had all been a
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However, all the left communists, G
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was more disastrous for the VKPD th
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At its 3 rd Congress, the Komintern
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when he was in fact in Spain at the
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workers, and that every three month
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committee is also of the opinion th
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large towns passed from capitalism
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KAI would be “infinitely difficul
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private property”. They constitut
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side, of two KAPDs, with two papers
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intention of working for the reunif
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‘old enemy’ Paul Levi. 650 Deth
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district in Amsterdam, condemning a
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THE GROUP OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIS
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the Dutch theoretical review Radenc
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the CPO decided to dissolve in orde
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political sleep by the crisis of th
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economic, rather than the political
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the nationalist, even anti-Semitic
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parliamentary stipend financed the
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shreds”. 706 But significantly, t
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KAPD. The GIC, followed by Pannekoe
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It was a party which dared not spea
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a big impact in the unemployed move
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anarchist group like the BAS was ch
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The other factor in the defeat of t
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would ‘awaken’ the German prole
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Spartacus, organ of the LAO, while
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Chapter 7 TOWARDS A NEW WORKERS’
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The evolution of the Dutch GIC towa
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the world, especially since 1968. 7
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Secondly, by trying at all costs to
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In a contradictory way, the GIC rep
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The ‘new workers’ movement’ a
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The function and functioning of the
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een eclipsed and replaced by a “d
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and developed since the birth of th
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GIC recognised the fundamental role
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This view has a certain resemblance
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“At the beginning of the period o
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Bogdanov, the social process was re
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to construct a coherent and ordered
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“As soon as the proletarian class
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the danger of state capitalism. The
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inseparable from the anti-organisat
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growing uncertainty of existence is
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indivisible unity operating like th
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“freedoms” and the introduction
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Steuermann 972 , Rühle showed that
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Russian capitalism. It was only con
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The unemployed workers of Amsterdam
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Unlike the Paul Mattick group in th
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The contribution by this group, whi
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Chapter 9 THE DUTCH INTERNATIONALIS
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workers’ councils”, the KAPN’
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impoverished peasants and, on the o
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The first ‘minority’ was formed
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iting, since the Dutch RSAP and the
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seems to have come from an ex-membe
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esult which appeared positive to th
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Chapter 10 FROM THE “MARX - LENIN
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to the previous history of Germany
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posterity a political, as much as a
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Council communist theory had a revo
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organisations together, including t
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This ‘broad’ policy towards oth
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The MLL Front played a considerable
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workers had been liquidated. A tota
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Chapter 11 The Communistenbond Spar
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political past, marked less by synd
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process, and “the [capitalist] sy
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organisation, once theoretical and
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organisation: “The Bond is a temp
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The implicit rejection of the Russi
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the ‘right’ to speak in the Ber
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slavenmaatschappij tot arbeidersmac
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In 1945-46, the Bond examined sever
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Luxemburg’s conception, it was fo
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draws in ever greater masses. [...]
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The onset of the Cold War left the
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- General rejection of all groups t
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disappeared in 1948. Canne-Meijer w
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Bond arrived at the idea that the R
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After World War II council communis
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joined the left wing of the SPD or
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Like SB, it paraded a strong anti-b
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If ‘councilism’ as an organised
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The history of the Dutch and German
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organisational discipline, both exp
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looked to changes in the sociologic
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The criticisms put forward by Geyer
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BIBLIOGRAPHY A bibliography on the
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Stan POPPE (1899-1991) archives: mi
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Rote Armee (constituted in April 19
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Korrespondenz-Blatt der KAPD, ‚an
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‘Monatsblätter aus der Jugendbew
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Nasha Duma, Sofia, Oct. - Dec. 1919
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THE NETHERLANDS The Dutch communist
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Uit eigen kring; intern orgaan (the
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(These latter two texts have been t
Page 350 and 351: There is a good choice of texts, tr
Page 352 and 353: Zur Psychologie des proletarisches
Page 354 and 355: Marxism: last refuge of the bourgeo
Page 356 and 357: (These texts are in Authier-Barrot,
Page 358 and 359: Der Kampf um die Macht in der Gegen
Page 360 and 361: Pamphlets by the Bulgarian left com
Page 362 and 363: REICHENBACH (Bernard), ‘Moscow 19
Page 364 and 365: ‚Über Karl Korsch’, in Jahrbuc
Page 366 and 367: ROEGHOLT (Richter), Ben Sijes. Een
Page 368 and 369: JANEV (Nikola), Balgarskata komunis
Page 370 and 371: The ‘intellectual current’: lit
Page 372 and 373: MALANDRINO (Corrado), ‘Anton Pann
Page 374 and 375: BERENDSEN (Hans), & WEEDA (Rik), Ui
Page 376 and 377: HARMSEN (Ger), Historisch overzicht
Page 378 and 379: NGO VAN, Vietnam 1920-1945, révolu
Page 380 and 381: WINCKLER (Heinrich August), Arbeite
Page 382 and 383: Protokolle der Vereinigungs-Konfere
Page 384 and 385: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli,
Page 386 and 387: CWI: Communist Workers’ Internati
Page 388 and 389: NSV: Nederlandsch Syndikalistisch V
Page 390 and 391: VOC: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compa
Page 392 and 393: Blackwell (Russell) [alias: Negrete
Page 394 and 395: Fischer (Ruth) [Eisler (Elfriede),
Page 396 and 397: KAPN, 17, 138, 172, 187, 199, 204-2
Page 398 and 399: Most (Johann), 29 Mühsam (Erich),
Page 402 and 403: Vonk (group De), 324, 329, 337, 351
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