Blackwell (Russell) [alias: Negrete (Rosalio)], 322 Blagoev (Dimitar), 205, 431 Blanc (Michel), 245 Blanqui (Auguste), 29 Bock (Hans Manfred), 5, 17, 71, 104-105, 139, 168, 170- 172, 200, 382-383, 412, 414, 419, 424, 426, 428 Bogdanov [ps. of Malinovski (Aleksandr)], 272-273, 276-277, 279, 285-286 Böhle (Herman de Liagre), 17, 65-66, 70, 134-139, 247, 413, 415, 427 Bolloten (Burnett), 294, 404 Bom (Arie), 208, 245 Bömelburg (<strong>The</strong>odor), 90 Bonaparte (king Louis), 22 Bongiovanni (Bruno), 5, 420 Borchardt (Julian), 124, 404 Bordiga (Amadeo), 12-13, 34, 47, 83, 145-147, 151, 155, 156, 160-161, 165, 168-169, 172, 174-175, 185, 189, 205, 223, 247, 256, 330-331, 340-341, 348, 355, 364, 379-380, 386, 388, 438 Borodin (Mikhail Markovitch), 149, 171 Bos (Dennis), 133, 366, 417 Bos (Dirk), 39 Bos (Jan), 208 Bosch (general Johannes van den), 25 Bot (Wim), 295, 312-313, 347 Bötcher (Hans), 168, 404, 430 Bourrinet (Philippe), 68, 204, 223, 244, 280, 282, 318- 319, 338, 379, 426, 430, 434 Bouman (P. J.), 356, 402 Bouwman (Engelbertus), 169 BRAC, 446 Brandler (Heinrich), 62, 147, 152, 160, 332, 448 Brandt (Willy), 252, 332, 383 Brecher (Brecher), 155, 358 Brendel (Cajo), 6, 19-20, 67, 73, 110, 175, 222, 224, 247, 285, 320, 323, 371-373, 382-383, 385, 388, 402, 409, 412, 416, 423-425, 427 Bricianer (Serge) [alias Cousin], 19, 105-110, 205, 402, 414-416, 418 Brinton (Maurice) [ps. of Pallis, Chris], 382 BRKP, 188, 204, 409, 446 Bronski (Myeczyslaw), 171 BRS, 332, 334, 446 BSP, 151, 446 Broué (Pierre), 2, 5, 153, 156, 158, 184-185, 294, 312 Buber-Neumann (Margarete), 380, 405 Buckmiller (Michael), 408 Buick (Adam), 5, 430 Bukharin (Nikolai), 98, 129, 130, 156-157, 181, 201, 237, 247, 258, 276, 278, 286, 413 Burg (Charlotte) [ps. of Zhekov (Krum)], 202 Burger (J. E.), 130, 132-135, 417 Burger [ps. of Zhekov (Krum)], 202) Burnham (James), 368, 371 Caballero (Largo), 309, 320 Cachin (Marcel), 149 Callesen (Gerd), 5, 239, 276, 434 Camatte (Jacques), 385-386 Camoin (Robert), 386 Canaris (Wilhelm), 374 Canne-Meijer (Henk), 17, 199, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 219, 220, 222, 223, 231, 232, 245, 246, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 266, 270, 283, 319, 350, 366, 368, 369, 379, 381, 382, 397, 413, 420, 423, 427 Carnap (Rudolf), 271, 282-283 Carr (Edward Hallett), 183 Castellan (Georges), 5, 237, 427 Castoriadis (Cornelius) [ps.: Chaulieu, Cardan, Coudray], 305, 353, 371, 376, 380, 384 CCI, 337 CCP, 318, 436 Cervantes (Miguel de), 221 Ceton (Cornelis), 34, 37, 46, 49-50, 72, 122-123, 129, 134, 141, 204 Chazé (Henri) [ps. of Davoust (Gaston)], 282, 318, 321- 322 Chiang-Kai Chek, 329 Chirik (Marc) [alias Marco, Juan], 223, 368, 384-386, 420 Chomsky (Noam), 387 Christenhusz (G.J.), 207 Christov (Georgi), 209 Cnoop Koopmans (Louise Catherine), CNT, 21, 188, 309-310, 315-316, 317-318, 320-321, 395, 446 Coerman (Piet), 199, 210, 219, 285 Cohen (Levie), Colijn (Hendrijk), 241, 299 Komintern, 3, 6, 14, 16-17, 32, 59-60, 131, 139, 144, 157, 158, 171-174, 176, 185, 200, 206, 218, 227, 236, 237, 241, 248, 272-273, 285, 331-332, 349, 397, 400, 426, 430, 436, 439, 441-442, 444, 448 392
<strong>Communist</strong>enbond Spartacus (organisation), 4, 18, 20, 280, 340, 345, 346, 350, 352, 355, 358, 360-363, 365- 367, 369-370, 372-375, 378-382, 402, 412-413, 423- 424, 428-429 Condillac (Etienne Bonnot de), 249 Constandse (Anton Levien), 323 Cornelissen (Christiaan), 29-30, 134, 428 Cornelissen (Igor), 134, 218, 243, 422, 430, 433 Coudenhove-Kalergi (Richard-Nikolaus), 245 CPGB, 155, 170, 172, 193, 411, 439, 446 CPH, 3, 19, 37, 72, 114, 134-135, 141, 144, 146, 149, 151-152, 156, 158, 170-172, 178, 186-187, 204, 206, 211, 218, 222, 241, 299, 401, 425, 438, 446, 449 CPN, 3, 71, 134, 139, 141, 152, 222, 305, 306, 334, 336, 337, 342-343, 362, 400, 428, 430, 435, 437-438-441, 446-447, 450 CPO, 218, 223, 446 CRM, 323, 346, 352, 360, 361, 362, 378, 379, 446 Croce (Benedetto), 279 CWP, 193, 198, 411, 446 Daad en Gedachte (group), 17, 63, 240, 311, 360, 362, 372, 374-375, 402, 415 Damen (Onorato), 8, 160, 204 Dangeville (Roger), 66, 102, 273 Daniels (Robert), 192, 265 Dannenberg (Karl), 421 Darwin (Charles), 76-77, 101 Dautry (Jean), 246, 410 Dauvé (Gilles) [alias: Barrot (Jean)], 139, 320, 385 David (Eduard), 54 Dawson (James Arthur), 374, 383, 432 Deborin (Abram), 273, 285-286 Defuisseaux (Alfred), 29 Degras (Jane), 154, 411 Dekker (Maurits Rudolph Joël) [alias Robazki, Boris], 239, 246 Dekker (Maria, or Mien), 223 De Leon (Daniel), 357, 379, 392, 418 Deliradev (Pavel), 154, 390 Dethmann (Adolf), 157, 181, 191-194, 196, 198, 206- 208, 406, 422 Detlev (Siegfried), 187 Dewey (John), 200 De Zaaier (group), 53, 122 Dietzgen (Joseph), 36, 76, 79-82, 105-107, 275-276, 279, 286, 415-416, 438 Diez (Laín), 374, 383 Dikidzhiev (Zhetcho), 203, 407 Dimitrov (Georgi), 204, 241 Dinkel (Johan van), 378 Discussie (group), 278, 283-285, 292, 378 Dolleman (Willem), 333, 338, 339, 343, 345 Dolling (Walter), 209 Domela Nieuwenhuis (Ferdinand), 27-33, 35, 43, 56, 66, 67, 114, 116, 125, 139, 429-430, 443 Doorenbos (Jenne Clinge), 139, 172 Doriot (Jacques), 280 Dos Passos (John Roderigo), 216 Douwes Dekker (Eduard) [nom de plume: Multatuli], 54 Douwes Dekker (Ernest), 56-57 Drenth (Herman), 349, 352 Driesten (Hendrik <strong>The</strong>o van), 333 Droz (Jacques), 5, 95, 124, 397, 402, 408 Dubief (Henri), 98 Dühring (Eugen), 29, 80 Durruti (Buenaventura), 309, 317 Eberlein (Hugo), 182 Ebert (Friedrich), 152, 239, 241, 444 Eckardt (Walter), 206 Ederov (E.), Eichmann (Karl Adolf), 370 Einstein (Albert), 105, 274, 433 Engels (Friedrich), 25, 27, 32, 49, 66, 71, 78-80, 87, 95, 97, 100, 105, 106, 108, 166, 176, 269-270, 277-278, 283-284, 286, 348, 356, 368, 430 Entschiedene Linke (E.L.), 209-210 Louis Évrard (1926-1995) EVB, 359, 362, 447 EVC, 141, 362, 379, 437, 447 Fähnders (Walter), 403 FAI, 309, 311, 447 FAM, 375, 437 FAN, 447 Fashchiev (Christo), 202 FAUD, 170, 281, 375, 432, 447 Feuerbach (Ludwig), Fichtmann (Hugo & Leo), 209, 405-406 Field (B. J.), 291 Fimmen (Eduard Carl, or Edo), 428 Findlay (W.S.), 206 393
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PHILIPPE BOURRINET The Dutch and Ge
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The Dutch and German Communist Left
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General studies ...................
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INTRODUCTION Despite the theoretica
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In fact, it was not the GIC, but th
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history of the Dutch communist curr
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Chapter 1: Origins and Formation of
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1862-1866, 1871-1872); these conser
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Dutch and German workers’ movemen
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However, this ‘radicalism’ of D
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emained an internationalist. It is
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a formidable weapon against the lef
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form the Tribunist movement: Mendel
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of the organisation. 31 He only dev
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The support given to the various re
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Using the pretext of the struggle a
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the end of 1903. 57 By contrast, a
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Bolsheviks had deputies in the Duma
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imposed to form an organised fracti
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was obliged to include in the pream
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‘right’ 100 - which was based i
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This was the beginning of an increa
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carried out by the SDP - in the for
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The growth of Dutch imperialism cou
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Wijnkoop’s suggestion, the SDP’
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evolution. 125 Right up until the w
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helped to write the pamphlet addres
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section, supported a counter-resolu
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Chapter 2 Pannekoek and ‘Dutch’
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The philosophical bases of radical
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Wrongly presented by its opponents
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is most necessary. Only knowledge g
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ended in defeat - but whatever help
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The Dutch Left never considered the
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ourgeois revolutions, thinks of not
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eligious faith in the success of th
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organisations they had so patiently
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forces... The most backward country
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mass strikes; the proletariat’s s
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‘Great Night’: “[passive radi
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economic, and whose political domin
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letter to Paul Lafargue (20 th June
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Luxemburg in urging a clear rejecti
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explicit criticism of their leaders
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As in most of the belligerent count
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the main goal was the return to pea
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Gorter’s analyses were remarkable
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political factors which led to this
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During 1915, opposition to the war
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inform its readers about the Confer
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It is noteworthy that Roland Holst
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powerful opposition to this policy
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The workers’ reaction was immedia
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concealed the Wijnkoop leadership
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Lenin was quite right to emphasise
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“Don’t you feel, little by litt
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dissolved itself. There only remain
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Chapter 4 THE DUTCH LEFT IN THE KOM
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Spartakusbund not rejected particip
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However, the circular of the Komint
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Kommunist, publication of the Breme
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Russians - like Trotsky 433 - no lo
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The resolution adopted by the confe
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Led by Wolffheim and Laufenberg, th
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Pannekoek’s great clear-sightedne
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Rühle’s anti-party current. But
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All these accusations fail to stand
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not that of a general staff, in whi
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democrats and bourgeois in the war
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The unions also resemble the state
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eal decision-making centre. In this
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communism extends from the Rhine to
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The NEP (New Economic Policy) in th
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and the workers, who had all been a
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However, all the left communists, G
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was more disastrous for the VKPD th
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At its 3 rd Congress, the Komintern
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when he was in fact in Spain at the
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workers, and that every three month
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committee is also of the opinion th
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large towns passed from capitalism
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KAI would be “infinitely difficul
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private property”. They constitut
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side, of two KAPDs, with two papers
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intention of working for the reunif
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‘old enemy’ Paul Levi. 650 Deth
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district in Amsterdam, condemning a
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THE GROUP OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIS
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the Dutch theoretical review Radenc
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the CPO decided to dissolve in orde
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political sleep by the crisis of th
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economic, rather than the political
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the nationalist, even anti-Semitic
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parliamentary stipend financed the
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shreds”. 706 But significantly, t
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KAPD. The GIC, followed by Pannekoe
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It was a party which dared not spea
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a big impact in the unemployed move
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anarchist group like the BAS was ch
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The other factor in the defeat of t
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would ‘awaken’ the German prole
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Spartacus, organ of the LAO, while
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Chapter 7 TOWARDS A NEW WORKERS’
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The evolution of the Dutch GIC towa
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the world, especially since 1968. 7
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Secondly, by trying at all costs to
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In a contradictory way, the GIC rep
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The ‘new workers’ movement’ a
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The function and functioning of the
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een eclipsed and replaced by a “d
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and developed since the birth of th
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GIC recognised the fundamental role
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This view has a certain resemblance
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“At the beginning of the period o
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Bogdanov, the social process was re
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to construct a coherent and ordered
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“As soon as the proletarian class
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the danger of state capitalism. The
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inseparable from the anti-organisat
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growing uncertainty of existence is
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indivisible unity operating like th
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“freedoms” and the introduction
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Steuermann 972 , Rühle showed that
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Russian capitalism. It was only con
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The unemployed workers of Amsterdam
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Unlike the Paul Mattick group in th
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The contribution by this group, whi
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Chapter 9 THE DUTCH INTERNATIONALIS
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workers’ councils”, the KAPN’
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impoverished peasants and, on the o
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The first ‘minority’ was formed
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iting, since the Dutch RSAP and the
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seems to have come from an ex-membe
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esult which appeared positive to th
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Chapter 10 FROM THE “MARX - LENIN
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to the previous history of Germany
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posterity a political, as much as a
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Council communist theory had a revo
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organisations together, including t
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This ‘broad’ policy towards oth
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The MLL Front played a considerable
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workers had been liquidated. A tota
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Chapter 11 The Communistenbond Spar
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political past, marked less by synd
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process, and “the [capitalist] sy
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organisation, once theoretical and
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organisation: “The Bond is a temp
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The implicit rejection of the Russi
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the ‘right’ to speak in the Ber
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slavenmaatschappij tot arbeidersmac
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In 1945-46, the Bond examined sever
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Luxemburg’s conception, it was fo
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draws in ever greater masses. [...]
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The onset of the Cold War left the
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- General rejection of all groups t
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disappeared in 1948. Canne-Meijer w
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Bond arrived at the idea that the R
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After World War II council communis
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joined the left wing of the SPD or
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Like SB, it paraded a strong anti-b
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If ‘councilism’ as an organised
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The history of the Dutch and German
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organisational discipline, both exp
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looked to changes in the sociologic
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The criticisms put forward by Geyer
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BIBLIOGRAPHY A bibliography on the
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Stan POPPE (1899-1991) archives: mi
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Rote Armee (constituted in April 19
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Korrespondenz-Blatt der KAPD, ‚an
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‘Monatsblätter aus der Jugendbew
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- Page 344 and 345: THE NETHERLANDS The Dutch communist
- Page 346 and 347: Uit eigen kring; intern orgaan (the
- Page 348 and 349: (These latter two texts have been t
- Page 350 and 351: There is a good choice of texts, tr
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- Page 354 and 355: Marxism: last refuge of the bourgeo
- Page 356 and 357: (These texts are in Authier-Barrot,
- Page 358 and 359: Der Kampf um die Macht in der Gegen
- Page 360 and 361: Pamphlets by the Bulgarian left com
- Page 362 and 363: REICHENBACH (Bernard), ‘Moscow 19
- Page 364 and 365: ‚Über Karl Korsch’, in Jahrbuc
- Page 366 and 367: ROEGHOLT (Richter), Ben Sijes. Een
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- Page 370 and 371: The ‘intellectual current’: lit
- Page 372 and 373: MALANDRINO (Corrado), ‘Anton Pann
- Page 374 and 375: BERENDSEN (Hans), & WEEDA (Rik), Ui
- Page 376 and 377: HARMSEN (Ger), Historisch overzicht
- Page 378 and 379: NGO VAN, Vietnam 1920-1945, révolu
- Page 380 and 381: WINCKLER (Heinrich August), Arbeite
- Page 382 and 383: Protokolle der Vereinigungs-Konfere
- Page 384 and 385: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli,
- Page 386 and 387: CWI: Communist Workers’ Internati
- Page 388 and 389: NSV: Nederlandsch Syndikalistisch V
- Page 390 and 391: VOC: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compa
- Page 394 and 395: Fischer (Ruth) [Eisler (Elfriede),
- Page 396 and 397: KAPN, 17, 138, 172, 187, 199, 204-2
- Page 398 and 399: Most (Johann), 29 Mühsam (Erich),
- Page 400 and 401: Rühle (Otto), 13, 17, 21, 62, 120,
- Page 402 and 403: Vonk (group De), 324, 329, 337, 351