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There is a good choice of texts, translated, introduced and commented on by Serge Bricianer, Pannekoek et les conseils ouvriers (Paris: EDI, 1969). The following have also been republished: ‘Situation et signification de l’œuvre philosophique de Josef Dietzgen’, Leiden, 1902, in J. Dietzgen, L’essence du travail intellectuel humain (Paris: Champ libre, 1973). Lutte de classe et nation, Reichenberg, 1912, in: Josef Strasser et Anton Pannekoek: Nation et lutte de classe, (Paris : 10/18, 1977). La théorie de l’écroulement du capitalisme, 1934, in: D. Authier & J. Barrot, op. cit. ‘Le syndicalisme’; ‘Les conseils ouvriers’; ‘Au sujet du parti communisme’ (1936) in: La contre-revolution bureaucratique (Paris: 10/18, 1973). ‘Le développement de la révolution mondiale et la tactique du communisme’ (1920), in: Invariance, No. 1, July- Sept. 1969. Lénine philosophe (1938, in German), in: Cahiers Spartacus, 1970, with a foreword by Mattick and remarks by Korsch. (Web: ) Les conseils ouvriers (1946) (Paris: Bélibaste, 1974). Letters from Pannekoek to Chaulieu [Castoriadis], 1952, in: Cahiers du communisme de conseils, No. 8, Marseilles, May 1971. Correspondance 1953-54, Pierre Chaulieu-Anton Pannekoek, with introduction and commentaries by Henri Simon, ‘Echanges et mouvement’, Paris, Sept. 2001. In Dutch See the collection of (anonymous) texts published in the P.I.C. during the thirties: A. Pannekoek: Partij, raden, revolutie, published, with very informative and well-informed notes, by Jaap Kloosterman (Amsterdam: Van Gennep, 1970). Philosophical works were also re-issued in Dutch: Darwinisme en marxisme (1909); Dietzgen’s werk (1909); twee natuur-onderzoekers (1917); in: Serie herdrukken, by the Radencommunisme Groep, No. 1, Beverwijk, 1980. Het ontstaan van de mens (1944) (Amsterdam/Antwerpen: Wereld-Biblioteek, 1957). In German A number of texts have been republished but for the most part are hard to find: Neubestimmung des Marxismus, 1 (Berlin: Karin Kramer Verlag, 1974), with an introduction by Cajo Brendel, and a quite complete bibliography, pp. 105-115 of Pannekoek’s works. Die Linke in der Sozial-demokratie, Jahrbuch 3, 1974. Collection of articles from before the First World War, presented by Hans Manfred Bock. There is a copious bibliography of articles, books and pamphlets from before 1914, pp. 158-167. ‚Die Zusammenbruchstheorie des Kapitalismus’, in: Zusammenbruchstheorie des Kapitalismus oder revolutionäres Subjekt (Berlin: Karin Kramer Verlag, 1973). Introduction by Paul Mattick. Organisation und Taktik der Proletarischer Revolution, already quoted collection with: ‚Marxistische Theorie und revolutionäre Taktik’; ‚Kautsky über die neue Taktik’ (1912); ‚der Imperalismus und die Aufgabe des Proletariats’ (1916); ‚Weltrevolution und kommunistische Taktik’ (1920). 350
‚Ein Kämpferleben. Abschied von Herman Gorter’ (1927) in: H. de Liagre Böhl (op. cit.), pp. 285-289. Otto Rühle In English Very little of Rühle’s work has been published in English: From the bourgeois to the proletarian revolution (1924). Revolutionary Perspectives/Socialist Reproduction, Glagow/London, 1974. (Web: ) The struggle against fascism begins with the struggle against bolshevism (London: Bratach Dubh Editions, 1981). (Originally in Living Marxism, Vol. 4, No. 8, 1939). In French La crise mondiale, ou vers le capitalisme d’Etat, (Paris: NRF, 1932), under the pseudonyme Carl Steuermann. Fascisme brun, fascisme rouge (1939), translated by the Cahiers Spartacus. 1975. With Mattick’s text: ‘Otto Rühle et le mouvement ouvrier allemand’. ‘La lutte contre le fascisme commence par la lutte contre le bolchevisme’, in La contre-révolution bureaucratique, op. cit. In German Schriften (Perspektiven einer Revolution in hochindustrialisierten Ländern) (Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1971). Contains: Brauner und roter Faschismus; Weltkrieg-Weltfaschismus-Weltrevolution; Briefe. Contains also a bibliography of Rühle’s works, pp. 216-217. Baupläne für eine neue Gesellschaft (Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1971). Contains an unpublished essay: Mut zur Utopie. Erziehung zum Sozialismus (Berlin: Verlag Gesellschaft und Erziehung, 1919). Re-issued, Osnabrück: Archiv antiautoritärer Erziehung, n.d. Der U.S.P. Friede, Großenhain, 1919. Die Spaltung der K.P.D. (Spartakusbund), Großenhain, Bezirks-Sekretariat Ostsachsens, 1919. Schlagworte der U.S.P. (Dresden-Heidenau: Buchhandlung der K.A.P., 1920). Das kommunistische Schulprogramm, Berlin, 1920. Liebe–Ehe–Familie, Dresden [1921]. Arbeitsschule: Sozialisierung der Frau (1922), re-issued, Osnabrück: Archiv antiautoritärer Erziehung, n.d. Die Revolution ist keine Parteisache (Berlin, 1920); die Räte (1921) [in: F. Kool: Die Linke gegen die Partei- Herrschaft, 1970.] Grundfragen der Organisation, Dresden, 1922 (reprint Hinkelstein-Press, 1970). Von der bürgerlichen zur proletarischer Revolution (Dresden 1924 [Buchholz Friedewald]); reprint Berlin 1970, Rüdiger Blankertz Verlag. (Web: ) Die Revolutionen Europas, Vols. 1-3, Dresden, 1927. Karl Marx. Leben und Werk, Hellerau bei Dresden, 1928. 351
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PHILIPPE BOURRINET The Dutch and Ge
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The Dutch and German Communist Left
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General studies ...................
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INTRODUCTION Despite the theoretica
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In fact, it was not the GIC, but th
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history of the Dutch communist curr
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Chapter 1: Origins and Formation of
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1862-1866, 1871-1872); these conser
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Dutch and German workers’ movemen
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However, this ‘radicalism’ of D
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emained an internationalist. It is
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a formidable weapon against the lef
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form the Tribunist movement: Mendel
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of the organisation. 31 He only dev
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The support given to the various re
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Using the pretext of the struggle a
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the end of 1903. 57 By contrast, a
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Bolsheviks had deputies in the Duma
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imposed to form an organised fracti
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was obliged to include in the pream
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‘right’ 100 - which was based i
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This was the beginning of an increa
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carried out by the SDP - in the for
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The growth of Dutch imperialism cou
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Wijnkoop’s suggestion, the SDP’
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evolution. 125 Right up until the w
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helped to write the pamphlet addres
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section, supported a counter-resolu
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Chapter 2 Pannekoek and ‘Dutch’
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The philosophical bases of radical
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Wrongly presented by its opponents
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is most necessary. Only knowledge g
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ended in defeat - but whatever help
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The Dutch Left never considered the
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ourgeois revolutions, thinks of not
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eligious faith in the success of th
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organisations they had so patiently
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forces... The most backward country
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mass strikes; the proletariat’s s
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‘Great Night’: “[passive radi
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economic, and whose political domin
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letter to Paul Lafargue (20 th June
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Luxemburg in urging a clear rejecti
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explicit criticism of their leaders
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As in most of the belligerent count
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the main goal was the return to pea
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Gorter’s analyses were remarkable
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political factors which led to this
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During 1915, opposition to the war
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inform its readers about the Confer
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It is noteworthy that Roland Holst
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powerful opposition to this policy
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The workers’ reaction was immedia
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concealed the Wijnkoop leadership
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Lenin was quite right to emphasise
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“Don’t you feel, little by litt
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dissolved itself. There only remain
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Chapter 4 THE DUTCH LEFT IN THE KOM
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Spartakusbund not rejected particip
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However, the circular of the Komint
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Kommunist, publication of the Breme
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Russians - like Trotsky 433 - no lo
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The resolution adopted by the confe
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Led by Wolffheim and Laufenberg, th
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Pannekoek’s great clear-sightedne
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Rühle’s anti-party current. But
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All these accusations fail to stand
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not that of a general staff, in whi
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democrats and bourgeois in the war
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The unions also resemble the state
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eal decision-making centre. In this
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communism extends from the Rhine to
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The NEP (New Economic Policy) in th
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and the workers, who had all been a
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However, all the left communists, G
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was more disastrous for the VKPD th
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At its 3 rd Congress, the Komintern
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when he was in fact in Spain at the
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workers, and that every three month
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committee is also of the opinion th
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large towns passed from capitalism
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KAI would be “infinitely difficul
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private property”. They constitut
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side, of two KAPDs, with two papers
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intention of working for the reunif
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‘old enemy’ Paul Levi. 650 Deth
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district in Amsterdam, condemning a
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THE GROUP OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIS
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the Dutch theoretical review Radenc
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the CPO decided to dissolve in orde
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political sleep by the crisis of th
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economic, rather than the political
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the nationalist, even anti-Semitic
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parliamentary stipend financed the
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shreds”. 706 But significantly, t
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KAPD. The GIC, followed by Pannekoe
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It was a party which dared not spea
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a big impact in the unemployed move
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anarchist group like the BAS was ch
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The other factor in the defeat of t
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would ‘awaken’ the German prole
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Spartacus, organ of the LAO, while
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Chapter 7 TOWARDS A NEW WORKERS’
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The evolution of the Dutch GIC towa
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the world, especially since 1968. 7
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Secondly, by trying at all costs to
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In a contradictory way, the GIC rep
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The ‘new workers’ movement’ a
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The function and functioning of the
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een eclipsed and replaced by a “d
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and developed since the birth of th
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GIC recognised the fundamental role
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This view has a certain resemblance
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“At the beginning of the period o
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Bogdanov, the social process was re
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to construct a coherent and ordered
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“As soon as the proletarian class
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the danger of state capitalism. The
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inseparable from the anti-organisat
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growing uncertainty of existence is
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indivisible unity operating like th
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“freedoms” and the introduction
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Steuermann 972 , Rühle showed that
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Russian capitalism. It was only con
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The unemployed workers of Amsterdam
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Unlike the Paul Mattick group in th
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The contribution by this group, whi
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Chapter 9 THE DUTCH INTERNATIONALIS
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workers’ councils”, the KAPN’
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impoverished peasants and, on the o
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The first ‘minority’ was formed
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iting, since the Dutch RSAP and the
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seems to have come from an ex-membe
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esult which appeared positive to th
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Chapter 10 FROM THE “MARX - LENIN
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to the previous history of Germany
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posterity a political, as much as a
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Council communist theory had a revo
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organisations together, including t
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This ‘broad’ policy towards oth
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The MLL Front played a considerable
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workers had been liquidated. A tota
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Chapter 11 The Communistenbond Spar
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political past, marked less by synd
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process, and “the [capitalist] sy
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organisation, once theoretical and
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organisation: “The Bond is a temp
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The implicit rejection of the Russi
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the ‘right’ to speak in the Ber
Page 300 and 301: slavenmaatschappij tot arbeidersmac
Page 302 and 303: In 1945-46, the Bond examined sever
Page 304 and 305: Luxemburg’s conception, it was fo
Page 306 and 307: draws in ever greater masses. [...]
Page 308 and 309: The onset of the Cold War left the
Page 310 and 311: - General rejection of all groups t
Page 312 and 313: disappeared in 1948. Canne-Meijer w
Page 314 and 315: Bond arrived at the idea that the R
Page 316 and 317: After World War II council communis
Page 318 and 319: joined the left wing of the SPD or
Page 320 and 321: Like SB, it paraded a strong anti-b
Page 322 and 323: If ‘councilism’ as an organised
Page 324 and 325: The history of the Dutch and German
Page 326 and 327: organisational discipline, both exp
Page 328 and 329: looked to changes in the sociologic
Page 330 and 331: The criticisms put forward by Geyer
Page 332 and 333: BIBLIOGRAPHY A bibliography on the
Page 334 and 335: Stan POPPE (1899-1991) archives: mi
Page 336 and 337: Rote Armee (constituted in April 19
Page 338 and 339: Korrespondenz-Blatt der KAPD, ‚an
Page 340 and 341: ‘Monatsblätter aus der Jugendbew
Page 342 and 343: Nasha Duma, Sofia, Oct. - Dec. 1919
Page 344 and 345: THE NETHERLANDS The Dutch communist
Page 346 and 347: Uit eigen kring; intern orgaan (the
Page 348 and 349: (These latter two texts have been t
Page 352 and 353: Zur Psychologie des proletarisches
Page 354 and 355: Marxism: last refuge of the bourgeo
Page 356 and 357: (These texts are in Authier-Barrot,
Page 358 and 359: Der Kampf um die Macht in der Gegen
Page 360 and 361: Pamphlets by the Bulgarian left com
Page 362 and 363: REICHENBACH (Bernard), ‘Moscow 19
Page 364 and 365: ‚Über Karl Korsch’, in Jahrbuc
Page 366 and 367: ROEGHOLT (Richter), Ben Sijes. Een
Page 368 and 369: JANEV (Nikola), Balgarskata komunis
Page 370 and 371: The ‘intellectual current’: lit
Page 372 and 373: MALANDRINO (Corrado), ‘Anton Pann
Page 374 and 375: BERENDSEN (Hans), & WEEDA (Rik), Ui
Page 376 and 377: HARMSEN (Ger), Historisch overzicht
Page 378 and 379: NGO VAN, Vietnam 1920-1945, révolu
Page 380 and 381: WINCKLER (Heinrich August), Arbeite
Page 382 and 383: Protokolle der Vereinigungs-Konfere
Page 384 and 385: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli,
Page 386 and 387: CWI: Communist Workers’ Internati
Page 388 and 389: NSV: Nederlandsch Syndikalistisch V
Page 390 and 391: VOC: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compa
Page 392 and 393: Blackwell (Russell) [alias: Negrete
Page 394 and 395: Fischer (Ruth) [Eisler (Elfriede),
Page 396 and 397: KAPN, 17, 138, 172, 187, 199, 204-2
Page 398 and 399: Most (Johann), 29 Mühsam (Erich),
Page 400 and 401:
Rühle (Otto), 13, 17, 21, 62, 120,
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Vonk (group De), 324, 329, 337, 351
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