The German-Dutch Communist Left - Libcom

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Rote Armee (constituted in April 1920 in the Ruhr): 15 785/786; Leninbund, KAPD: 30661. Microfilmed Archives (Koblenz) : see: Ernst RITTER (ed.), Lageberichte (1920-29) und Meldungen (1929-33). Reichskommissar für die Überwachung der öffentlichen Ordnung und Nachrichtensammelstelle im Reichsministerium des Innern, Bundesarchiv Koblenz (BAK), München-New York-London-Paris: KG Saur publishers, 1979. Schweizerisches Sozialarchiv (Zürich): KAPD and AAU leaflets 1920-1921: 365 106 Z. [For the open archives of the former GDR and the ones of the Stasi, the SAPMO Archives, see: Michael KUBINA, Fall Weiland. Von Utopie, Widerstand und kaltem Krieg. Das unzeitgemässe Leben des Berliner Räte-kommunisten Alfred Weiland (1906-1978) (Münster-Hamburg-Berlin-London: Lit Verlag, 2001), pp. 497- 501.] PAPERS AND REVIEWS GERMANY Here we list all the available periodicals of the German left, from its birth until after the Second World War. Most of them can be found at the IISG in Amsterdam and at the Staatsbibliothek in Berlin. 1914-1918 Arbeiterpolitik, ‚Wochenschrift für wissenschaftlichen Sozialismus’, Bremen, 1916-19. (Anonymously reprinted in the seventies, in several books.) Many articles by Lenin, Radek, Zinoviev, Pannekoek. Die Internationale, ‚eine Monatsschrift für Praxis und Theorie des Marxismus’, April 1915. Published by Rosa Luxemburg and Franz Mehring. Düsseldorf. One issue. Reprint, East-Berlin: Dietz Verlag, 1965. Bremer Bürgerzeitung, 1907-1918 (Bremen: A. Henke, publisher) Jugendruf, ‚Mitteilungsblatt des Jugendbildungsvereins der Arbeiterschaft von Dresden und Umgebung’, Dresden, 1916. Influenced by Otto Rühle. Der Kampf, Hamburg, 1916, illegal, published by the ‘Linksradikalen’ of Hamburg. Lichtstrahlen, Berlin 1913-19. Published by Borchardt, one of the representatives of the ‘Linksradikale’, which he left at the end of 1918. Subtitle: Monatliches Bildungsorgan für denkende Arbeiter. Proletarier-Jugend, ‚Mitteilungsblatt der Freien Jugendorganisation von Hamburg-Altona und Umgegend’. The ‘Linksradikalen’ tendency, 1916-17. Spartakus-Briefe: the underground Spartacus paper (1916-18) was re-published in 1958, East Berlin: Dietz Verlag. Der Stürmer, ‚Kampfzeitung für die Arbeiter Jugend Deutschlands’, 1917, no date, clandestine. Organ of the revolutionary youth. 336
Der Volksfreund, Pirna (Otto Rühle tendency) Vorbote, ‘internationale marxistische Rundschau’, Zürich/Bern, 1916, published by Pannekoek and Henriëtte Roland Holst. From the point of view of the left. 1918-1933 We mention here the papers coming either from the KAPD and its splits, or from the Union movement, in the broad sense; also, as a comparison, the papers of the trotskyist movement and of Hugo Urbahns, the ‘Rote Kämpfer’ within the social democracy, then outside it. Though not closely related to the KAPD and Union movement, they were to the left of the KPD. The KAPD and the political currents that emerged from it. Arbeiterbrief, illegal paper published by the KAU/KAP, 1933. Brand, ‚Organ für die Betriebsorganisation der KAI’, Berlin, 1926-27. Split from the Essen KAI; Emil Sach tendency, who was expelled from the official KAI in 1926. Brief an Arbeiter, illegal paper published by the KAU/KAP, 1933. Die Epoche, ‚Kampforgan des Kommunistischen Rätebundes’, 1923-24, Leipzig. Saxon split of the KAPD. Hostile to the two KAPs and to the AAU-E of Otto Rühle and Franz Pfemfert. Geist, ‚Halbmonatsschrift der zielbewussten Sozialisten’, published by the ‘Sozialistischer Bund’. Independent, close to the National Bolsheviks from Hamburg and the KAPD. Led by one of the leaders of the KAP: Fritz Wendel, 1920, with the participation of Goldstein and Schröder. Der Junge Kommunist, KAPD youth organ, Berlin 1922. Kampfsignal, illegal paper published by the KAU/KAP, 1934-35?. Der Kommunist, Dresden, organ of the IKD (Nov. 1918), then organ of the KPD (S) till Nov. 1919; since April 1920 organ of the KAPD (Ost-Sachsen); after Dec. 1920 ‚Organ der kommunistischen Arbeiterschaft Ostsachsens und der AAU’. Organ of the Rühle’s tendency. [Led by the carpenter Heinrich Heynemann (1885 ?). He was interned in 1933, and joined in 1946 the SED which he left in 1950, while maintaining political contact with Weiland.] Replaced in Jan. 1921 by Die Revolution. Kommunistische Arbeiter-Zeitung, organ of the KPD (Spartakusbund), then organ of the KAPD and AAUD. Hamburg 1919-1920. National-bolshevik tendency of Laufenberg and Wolffheim. Kommunistische Arbeiter-Zeitung, KAPD organ in Western Saxony (West-Sachsen), Halle, 1920. Kommunistische Arbeiter-Zeitung, ‚Organ der KAPD, angeschlossen der KAI’, Essen, March 1922-29. Tendency of Schröder and Gorter, KAPD (Berlin) split. Kommunistische Arbeiter-Zeitung, published in 1919 as illegal organ of the KPD in Berlin; became the official organ of the KAPD, Berlin 1920-1933. Almost daily in 1920-21, then bi-weekly, later weekly, then monthly in 1931 onwards. Kommunistische Montags-Zeitung, Organ der KAPD, Berlin, 1920-21. Paper coming out on Mondays. Kommunistischer Arbeiter, ‘Organ der KAPD-Opposition’, Berlin, November 1927-April 1928. KAP split in Berlin. Returned to the party. Die Kommunistische Sturmglocke, ‚Organ der KAP und der Betriebsorganisationen für Sachsen-Anhalt’, Magdeburg, 1920. Karl Plättner was one of its editors. 337
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PHILIPPE BOURRINET The Dutch and Ge
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The Dutch and German Communist Left
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General studies ...................
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INTRODUCTION Despite the theoretica
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In fact, it was not the GIC, but th
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history of the Dutch communist curr
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Chapter 1: Origins and Formation of
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1862-1866, 1871-1872); these conser
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Dutch and German workers’ movemen
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However, this ‘radicalism’ of D
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emained an internationalist. It is
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a formidable weapon against the lef
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form the Tribunist movement: Mendel
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of the organisation. 31 He only dev
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The support given to the various re
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Using the pretext of the struggle a
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the end of 1903. 57 By contrast, a
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Bolsheviks had deputies in the Duma
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imposed to form an organised fracti
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was obliged to include in the pream
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‘right’ 100 - which was based i
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This was the beginning of an increa
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carried out by the SDP - in the for
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The growth of Dutch imperialism cou
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Wijnkoop’s suggestion, the SDP’
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evolution. 125 Right up until the w
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helped to write the pamphlet addres
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section, supported a counter-resolu
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Chapter 2 Pannekoek and ‘Dutch’
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The philosophical bases of radical
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Wrongly presented by its opponents
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is most necessary. Only knowledge g
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ended in defeat - but whatever help
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The Dutch Left never considered the
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ourgeois revolutions, thinks of not
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eligious faith in the success of th
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organisations they had so patiently
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forces... The most backward country
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mass strikes; the proletariat’s s
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‘Great Night’: “[passive radi
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economic, and whose political domin
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letter to Paul Lafargue (20 th June
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Luxemburg in urging a clear rejecti
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explicit criticism of their leaders
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As in most of the belligerent count
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the main goal was the return to pea
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Gorter’s analyses were remarkable
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political factors which led to this
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During 1915, opposition to the war
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inform its readers about the Confer
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It is noteworthy that Roland Holst
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powerful opposition to this policy
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The workers’ reaction was immedia
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concealed the Wijnkoop leadership
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Lenin was quite right to emphasise
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“Don’t you feel, little by litt
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dissolved itself. There only remain
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Chapter 4 THE DUTCH LEFT IN THE KOM
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Spartakusbund not rejected particip
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However, the circular of the Komint
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Kommunist, publication of the Breme
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Russians - like Trotsky 433 - no lo
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The resolution adopted by the confe
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Led by Wolffheim and Laufenberg, th
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Pannekoek’s great clear-sightedne
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Rühle’s anti-party current. But
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All these accusations fail to stand
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not that of a general staff, in whi
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democrats and bourgeois in the war
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The unions also resemble the state
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eal decision-making centre. In this
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communism extends from the Rhine to
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The NEP (New Economic Policy) in th
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and the workers, who had all been a
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However, all the left communists, G
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was more disastrous for the VKPD th
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At its 3 rd Congress, the Komintern
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when he was in fact in Spain at the
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workers, and that every three month
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committee is also of the opinion th
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large towns passed from capitalism
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KAI would be “infinitely difficul
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private property”. They constitut
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side, of two KAPDs, with two papers
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intention of working for the reunif
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‘old enemy’ Paul Levi. 650 Deth
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district in Amsterdam, condemning a
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THE GROUP OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIS
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the Dutch theoretical review Radenc
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the CPO decided to dissolve in orde
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political sleep by the crisis of th
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economic, rather than the political
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the nationalist, even anti-Semitic
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parliamentary stipend financed the
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shreds”. 706 But significantly, t
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KAPD. The GIC, followed by Pannekoe
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It was a party which dared not spea
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a big impact in the unemployed move
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anarchist group like the BAS was ch
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The other factor in the defeat of t
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would ‘awaken’ the German prole
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Spartacus, organ of the LAO, while
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Chapter 7 TOWARDS A NEW WORKERS’
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The evolution of the Dutch GIC towa
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the world, especially since 1968. 7
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Secondly, by trying at all costs to
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In a contradictory way, the GIC rep
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The ‘new workers’ movement’ a
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The function and functioning of the
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een eclipsed and replaced by a “d
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and developed since the birth of th
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GIC recognised the fundamental role
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This view has a certain resemblance
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“At the beginning of the period o
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Bogdanov, the social process was re
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to construct a coherent and ordered
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“As soon as the proletarian class
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the danger of state capitalism. The
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inseparable from the anti-organisat
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growing uncertainty of existence is
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indivisible unity operating like th
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“freedoms” and the introduction
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Steuermann 972 , Rühle showed that
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Russian capitalism. It was only con
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The unemployed workers of Amsterdam
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Unlike the Paul Mattick group in th
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The contribution by this group, whi
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Chapter 9 THE DUTCH INTERNATIONALIS
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workers’ councils”, the KAPN’
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impoverished peasants and, on the o
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The first ‘minority’ was formed
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iting, since the Dutch RSAP and the
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seems to have come from an ex-membe
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esult which appeared positive to th
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Chapter 10 FROM THE “MARX - LENIN
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to the previous history of Germany
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posterity a political, as much as a
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Council communist theory had a revo
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organisations together, including t
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This ‘broad’ policy towards oth
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The MLL Front played a considerable
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workers had been liquidated. A tota
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Page 292 and 293: organisation, once theoretical and
Page 294 and 295: organisation: “The Bond is a temp
Page 296 and 297: The implicit rejection of the Russi
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Page 302 and 303: In 1945-46, the Bond examined sever
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Page 306 and 307: draws in ever greater masses. [...]
Page 308 and 309: The onset of the Cold War left the
Page 310 and 311: - General rejection of all groups t
Page 312 and 313: disappeared in 1948. Canne-Meijer w
Page 314 and 315: Bond arrived at the idea that the R
Page 316 and 317: After World War II council communis
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Page 320 and 321: Like SB, it paraded a strong anti-b
Page 322 and 323: If ‘councilism’ as an organised
Page 324 and 325: The history of the Dutch and German
Page 326 and 327: organisational discipline, both exp
Page 328 and 329: looked to changes in the sociologic
Page 330 and 331: The criticisms put forward by Geyer
Page 332 and 333: BIBLIOGRAPHY A bibliography on the
Page 334 and 335: Stan POPPE (1899-1991) archives: mi
Page 338 and 339: Korrespondenz-Blatt der KAPD, ‚an
Page 340 and 341: ‘Monatsblätter aus der Jugendbew
Page 342 and 343: Nasha Duma, Sofia, Oct. - Dec. 1919
Page 344 and 345: THE NETHERLANDS The Dutch communist
Page 346 and 347: Uit eigen kring; intern orgaan (the
Page 348 and 349: (These latter two texts have been t
Page 350 and 351: There is a good choice of texts, tr
Page 352 and 353: Zur Psychologie des proletarisches
Page 354 and 355: Marxism: last refuge of the bourgeo
Page 356 and 357: (These texts are in Authier-Barrot,
Page 358 and 359: Der Kampf um die Macht in der Gegen
Page 360 and 361: Pamphlets by the Bulgarian left com
Page 362 and 363: REICHENBACH (Bernard), ‘Moscow 19
Page 364 and 365: ‚Über Karl Korsch’, in Jahrbuc
Page 366 and 367: ROEGHOLT (Richter), Ben Sijes. Een
Page 368 and 369: JANEV (Nikola), Balgarskata komunis
Page 370 and 371: The ‘intellectual current’: lit
Page 372 and 373: MALANDRINO (Corrado), ‘Anton Pann
Page 374 and 375: BERENDSEN (Hans), & WEEDA (Rik), Ui
Page 376 and 377: HARMSEN (Ger), Historisch overzicht
Page 378 and 379: NGO VAN, Vietnam 1920-1945, révolu
Page 380 and 381: WINCKLER (Heinrich August), Arbeite
Page 382 and 383: Protokolle der Vereinigungs-Konfere
Page 384 and 385: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli,
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CWI: Communist Workers’ Internati
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NSV: Nederlandsch Syndikalistisch V
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VOC: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compa
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Blackwell (Russell) [alias: Negrete
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Fischer (Ruth) [Eisler (Elfriede),
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KAPN, 17, 138, 172, 187, 199, 204-2
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Most (Johann), 29 Mühsam (Erich),
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Rühle (Otto), 13, 17, 21, 62, 120,
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Vonk (group De), 324, 329, 337, 351
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