Guillaume--Life of Muhammad.pdf - Radical Truth

466 The Life of Muhammad
Shu'ba b. al-I:Jajjaj told me from 'Abdu'l-Malik b. 'Umayr from 'Anya
al-Qura:{i: The apostle had ordered that every adult of B. Quray;::a should
be killed. I was a lad and they found that I was not an adult and so they
let me go.
Ayyub b. 'Abduu'I-Ra1.Jman b. 'Abdullah b. Abu i;3,'ea'a brother of B.
'Adiy b. al-Kajjar told me that Salma d. Qays, mother of al-Mundhir sister
of Sali! b. Qays-she was one of the maternal aunts of the apostle \vho had
prayed with him both towards Jerusalem and towards Mecca and had
sworn the allegiance of women to him-asked him for RifJ.'a b. Samaw'al
al-Qura~iwho was a grown man who had sought refuge with her, and \\'ho
used to know them. She said that he had alleged that he would pray and
eat camel's flesh. So he gave him to her and she saved his life.
Then the apostle divided the property. wives, and children of B. Quray.t;:a
among the .l\1uslims, and he made known on that day the shares of horse
693 and men, and took out the fifth. A horseman got three shares, two for the
horse and one for his rider. A man without a horse got one share. On the
day of B. Quray~a there we-re thirty-six horses. It was the first booty on
which lots were cast and the fifth \vas taken. According to its precedent
and \vhat the apostle did the divisions were made, and it remained the
custom for raids.
Then the apostle sent Sa'd b. Zayd al-Aneari brother of b. 'Abdu'l­
Ashhal with some of the captive women of B. Quray~a to N"ajd and he sold
them for horses and weapons.
The apostle had chosen one of their women for himself, Ray1.Jana d.
'Amr b. Khunafa, one of the women of B. 'Amr b. Qurayza, and she
remained with him until she died, in his power. The apostle had proposed
to marry her and put the veil on her, but she said: 'Kay, leave me in your
power, for that will be easier for me and for you.' So he left her. She had
shown repugnance towards Islam when she \vas captured and clung to
Judaism. So the apostle put her aside and felt some displeasure. \Vhile
hc \vas with his companions he heard the sound of sandals behind him and
said, 'This is Tha'laba b. Sa'ya coming to give me the good news of
Ray~ana's acceptance of Islam' and he came up to announce the fact.
This gave him pleasure.
God sent down concerning the trench and B. Quray?a the account which
is found in the sura of the ConfederatesJ in which He mentioned their trial
and His kindness to them, and His help when He removed that from them
after one of the disaffected had said what he did: '0 you \vho believe,
remember God's favour to you \vhen armies came against you, and \Ve
sent against them a wind and armies you could not sec, and God is a seer
of \vhat you do.' The armies were Quraysh, and Ghatafan, and B. Quray~a.
694 The armies which God sent with the wind were the angels. God said,
'When they came at you from above you and below you, and when eyes
grew wild and hearts reached to the throats and you thought vain things
I Sura 33.
The Life of Muhammad 6
about God.' Those who came at you from above wefe B 4 7
from below were Quraysh and Ghatafan 'Th ,.' Quray"a: those
and shaken with a mighty sho k Ad' here \\ere the belIevers tested
h ! c. n w en the disaffected a d th .
\V ?se Iearts was a disease were saying \Vhat God d H. n as: In
~s IS naught but a delusion' refers to the \\'ords an . I; a~ostie promIsed
And when a partv of them said 0 1 f Y of!\Iu attlb b. Qushayr.
for vou so turn b;ck Ad' fPeh op e a athnb, there is no standing
~ , . n some a t em sought t1 h'
saying Our houses are exposed and the w 1e prop et s permission
only to run a\"ray' refers to th~ . d Yf l\.ere not exposed. They wished
I \\or s a .'1US b Qavzi and th f h'
peop c who shared his opinion 'A d 'f' 1 db' . .. ose 0 IS
i.e. l'rfedina (7 I
3). . n I It 1a een entered from its sides',
'Then ifthey had been invited to reb II" ,.
'they would have complied and \\ auld e h
IOn I' I.~. thedrebturn to polytheism,
h h aye 1esItatc ut a y
~::at~dt~"~:~ to Allah beforehand that they would not tur~~::~;~ack~t
;T must be ans\\cred for.' Thcv WCle the R 1-1- h l' .
were the mcn who th 1 j ~ . ant a. hey
b b h h oug lt to cescrt on the day of l'hud \\lth B S I
w en at t ought to desert on the day of VI d Th . a ama
~~~t :;:n\\:~lt~I~:\;~~v~(: tl~~ hke ;fai~ an~/l~~e~ind:~ :~:;;'S:t:~,:~ ~:~
death 0 k'lI '" ~ ay, Ig t WI not avaJl yOU If you flee from
r 1 mg, and then you \\111 enJoy comfort but for a little Say 'Vh
:~:~es;;ee y~~ from Allah if He Intends evil to\\ ards you,· or i~tend~
Alla~k y )\\111 not find that they have any friend or helper but Allah
nows t lose of vou \\ho h d ,. h d' .
th 'h . ~ mer, I.e. t e Isaffectcd people 'And
ose \\ a say to theIr brethren C t d .
save a little,' I.e. for a moment t' o~e 0 ~s an they. cam.e not to battle
their hel to' ,. 0 rna e a pI etence of smcenty, 'sparing of
p JOU, I.e. because of their grudging nature 'B t 'h f
comes you see them lookin . .' . U \\ en ear
faint' i c tl k d g at yOU \\Ith rolling eyes lIke one in a deadly
, .. 1m Ing It readful and ten d1ed of It '1'1, h .
departs they scald you \\!th sharp tongues,' I.e. \\:Ith t:~n a~ e~ tr~cIr dcar 695
not please you because theIr hope IS In thI 1 f . au \\ at oes
~oes ~ot mo\ e them, for they fear d~ath \\It~ t~: 'd~~;~ ~: ~:~~~) ~ward
ope In a future hfe (714). 'They think that th f d 0 as no
~~;: :;a~~ 't~~~ \?~~;:r~lca~od2~:!t~;:Je~:~~\\i;tI~~,:~~~i1~;~:;:k~:0~~;
ne~: of YHoU and If they wcre among you they \\Quld fight but lIttIc ' g or
len e addressed the believers and l'I G l' .
fine example for onc \\ho hopes for Al1asl~I~;1d ~e 7~stS ~;~~t~c you have a
sho.uld not prefer themselves to hIm and nnt deslre to be ~~ al.pel·atc~at hthey
he IS not.
Then He mentioned the believers and their truth and th ' "
C were
~'hat God promised them of trial by which He tested ~hem el~ t eIIef ,m
And \~'hen the believers sa\\' the confederates they said, Th. a.n
'h C sGa1dd'
and HIS apostle prom' I 1 G ~. IS IS \\ at a
. '. Isec us, ane ad and Ifis apostle are true It d'd b
:~c;l~:S~:~:~: f~~~h ~~~e~I\~mi~:i~~~t~C~;~;~:tan~~ta~~a), aI~d 'SU~I~lisshiOUd~
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