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Table 4. Zn(II)-natural water complexation data.

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<strong>Table</strong> <strong>4.</strong> <strong>Zn</strong>(<strong>II</strong>)-<strong>natural</strong> <strong>water</strong> <strong>complexation</strong> <strong>data</strong>.<br />

1<br />

System 1<br />

System<br />

details 2<br />

Ligand<br />

concentration<br />

(nmol dm -3 )<br />

log K<br />

(dm 3 mol -1 )<br />

pH<br />

DOC<br />

(mg<br />

dm -3 )<br />

TOC<br />

(mg<br />

dm -3 )<br />

[<strong>Zn</strong>] diss<br />

(nmol<br />

dm -3 )<br />

[<strong>Zn</strong>] free<br />

3<br />

(nmol<br />

dm -3 )<br />

[<strong>Zn</strong>] total<br />

(nmol<br />

dm -3 )<br />

Experimental<br />

technique 4<br />

Data treatment<br />

method 5<br />

Reference<br />

NW Pacific<br />

S. Atlantic, S=36<br />

Gulf of Thailand:<br />

Station 1, S=8.7<br />

Station 2, S= 1.8<br />

Station 3, S= 29.2<br />

Station 4, S=29.1<br />

Station 5, S=29.5<br />

Station 6, S=30.6<br />

Station 7, S= 31.2<br />

R. Mersey Est., GB:<br />

Eastham, S=1<strong>4.</strong>2<br />

Otterspool, S=1<strong>4.</strong>2<br />

West Bank, S=5.3<br />

Fiddlers Ferry,<br />

S=6.4<br />

R. Dee Est., GB,<br />

S=22.7<br />

R. Ribble Est., GB:<br />

I (S=13.9)<br />

<strong>II</strong> (S=25.0)<br />

Apr.-May<br />

80<br />

surface<br />

interstitial<br />

interstitial <br />

polluted<br />

estuarine<br />

sites<br />

surface<br />

surface<br />

5; 8 10.7; 9.3 8.1 26 CLE (edta, 10 -8<br />

10 -4 M) -<br />

XAD-2<br />

30<br />

530<br />

16<br />

1220<br />

1020<br />

800<br />

660<br />

440<br />

2000<br />

340<br />

200<br />

50<br />

6<br />

42<br />

18<br />

7.4<br />

8.18<br />

9.03<br />

7.57<br />

7.55<br />

7.67<br />

7.71<br />

7.62<br />

7.72<br />

8.5<br />

8.77<br />

9.30<br />

8.5<br />

8.9<br />

8.7<br />

5<br />

66<br />

82<br />

86<br />

24<br />

125<br />

58<br />

19<br />

68<br />

371<br />

642<br />

106<br />

900<br />

320<br />

110<br />

1.8<br />

1.0<br />

39.3<br />

1.88<br />

6.3<br />

3.67<br />

1.75<br />

0.96<br />

0.762<br />

33.8<br />

252<br />

32<br />

446<br />

152<br />

46<br />

(0.45 µm)<br />

MnO 2<br />

Atlantic <strong>water</strong>:<br />

not filtered,<br />

frozen;<br />

Estuarine<br />

surface <strong>water</strong>,<br />

filtered<br />

Interstitial<br />

<strong>water</strong>s, 0.45 µm<br />

R. Dee and R.<br />

Ribble, 0.45 µm<br />

Irish Sea, S=32 26; 62 8.36; 7.52 8.2 CSV-apdc (<strong>4.</strong>1 x<br />

10 -5 M)<br />

Tamar Est., GB:<br />

S=0<br />

S=0.85<br />

S=3.2<br />

53.7<br />

68.3<br />

87.8<br />

9.10<br />

9.14<br />

8.88<br />

3.4<br />

3.8<br />

3.8<br />

(0.45 µm) frozen<br />

CSV-apdc<br />

(concentration<br />

not stated)<br />

(0.45 µm) frozen<br />

linearisation<br />

method<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg value not<br />

reported)<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg<br />

linearisation<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg value not<br />

reported)<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg<br />

linearisation<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg value not<br />

reported)<br />

no details given<br />

K probably<br />

corrected but not<br />

mentioned<br />

Hirose et al.<br />

1982<br />

van den<br />

Berg and<br />

Dharmvanij<br />

1984; van<br />

den Berg et<br />

al. 1984<br />

van den<br />

Berg 1985<br />

van den<br />

Berg et al.<br />

1986


2<br />

S=5.9<br />

S=6.65<br />

S=1<strong>4.</strong>1<br />

S=15.1<br />

S=2<strong>4.</strong>8<br />

S=29.8<br />

41.5<br />

39.0<br />

97.6<br />

146.3<br />

168.3<br />

46.3<br />

8.14<br />

8.86<br />

8.24<br />

8.76<br />

9.00<br />

8.83<br />

3.1<br />

3.1<br />

3.2<br />

2.6<br />

1.9<br />

0.9<br />

Scheldt Est., NL:<br />

station 1<br />

station 2<br />

station 3<br />

station 5<br />

station 6<br />

station 7<br />

station 8<br />

station 9<br />

station 11<br />

station 12<br />

0.5 m<br />

112<br />

135<br />

122<br />

220<br />

75<br />

70<br />

64<br />

22<br />

127<br />

136<br />

9.8<br />

9.6<br />

10.6<br />

9.6<br />

10.6<br />

9.2<br />

9.1<br />

8.6<br />

8.9<br />

9.6<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

8.0<br />

119<br />

141<br />

153<br />

233<br />

101<br />

70<br />

51<br />

24<br />

103<br />

144<br />

CSV-apdc (<strong>4.</strong>5 x<br />

2.51 c<br />

10 -5 M)<br />

5.01 c<br />

15.85 c<br />

(0.45 µm) frozen<br />

10 c<br />

12.59 c<br />

3.98 c<br />

1.995 c<br />

5.01 c<br />

3.98 c<br />

6.31 c<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg<br />

linearisation<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg = 2)<br />

van den<br />

Berg et al.<br />

1987<br />

Central N. Pacific:<br />

22 m<br />

50 m<br />

90 m<br />

100 m<br />

125 m<br />

150 m<br />

175 m<br />

200 m<br />

300 m<br />

400 m<br />

depth of<br />

mixed layer,<br />

25 m; base<br />

of euphotic<br />

zone and<br />

nutrient<br />

depleted<br />

layer, 150 m<br />

Jul. 83<br />

0.98<br />

1.34<br />

0.94<br />

1.37<br />

1.12<br />

0.92<br />

1.31<br />

1.07<br />

1.05<br />

1.3<br />

10.7<br />

10.8<br />

10.6<br />

10.7<br />

10.5<br />

10.6<br />

10.6<br />

10.5<br />

10.4<br />

10.4<br />

0.3<br />

0.15<br />

0.35<br />

0.17<br />

0.20<br />

0.15<br />

0.20<br />

0.23<br />

0.65<br />

1.62<br />

ASV (TMF-<br />

RGCDE)<br />

(0.3 µm)<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg<br />

linearisation<br />

K not corrected<br />

(α inorg =2.1,<br />

Turner et al.<br />

1981, van den<br />

Berg 1985)<br />

Bruland<br />

1989<br />

NE Pacific:<br />

60 m<br />

150 m<br />

Aug. 87<br />

2.14 CSV<br />

2.22 ASV (0.3 µm)<br />

1.60 CSV<br />

1.76 ASV<br />

at both depths:<br />

10.3 CSV<br />

11.2 ASV 0.12 CSV-apdc (6.7 x<br />

10 -5 M) + ASV<br />

(TMF-RGCDE)<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg<br />

linearisation<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg = 2.2,<br />

Turner et al.<br />

1981)<br />

Donat and<br />

Bruland<br />

1990<br />

Slope <strong>water</strong> off US<br />

mid-Atlantic Bight:<br />

slope station 4:<br />

40 m<br />

60 m<br />

slope station 7:<br />

200 m<br />

4<br />

6; 44<br />

6; 32<br />

6; 32 filt 9.43<br />

9.22; 7.43<br />

9.35; 7.73<br />

9.35; 7.73 filt 7.87 1.87<br />

3.14<br />

<strong>4.</strong>03<br />

ASV (TMF-<br />

RGCDE)<br />

samples are<br />

unfiltered except<br />

when stated<br />

(0.40 µm)<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg<br />

linearisation<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg = 2.0)<br />

Muller and<br />

Kester 1991


3<br />

slope station 8:<br />

150 m<br />

slope station 9:<br />

11 m<br />

Narragansett Bay, US<br />

0.6 m depth,<br />

200m<br />

offshore<br />

44<br />

46 filt<br />

28<br />

49<br />

51 filt 9.35<br />

8.16 filt<br />

8.30<br />

7.85<br />

7.71 filt 6.53<br />

6.12<br />

Delaware Bay, US,<br />

S=30.5<br />

5 m<br />

Jul. 92<br />

15.25 ≥10.9 8.2 3.47 ASV (TMF-<br />

RGCDE, SW)<br />

(0.4 µm)<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg<br />

linearisation<br />

K not corrected<br />

Lewis et al.<br />

1995<br />

L. Greifen, CH:<br />

26/1/93:<br />

5 m<br />

30 m<br />

5/4/93:<br />

5 m<br />

30 m<br />

26/7/93:<br />

3 m<br />

6 m<br />

8 m<br />

30 m<br />

13/10/93:<br />

2.5 m<br />

11 m<br />

eutrophic,<br />

high<br />

concentratio<br />

n of<br />

nutrients<br />

and<br />

pollutants<br />

7.7<br />

16.0<br />

15.7<br />

20.3<br />

19.8<br />

<strong>4.</strong>3<br />

6.6<br />

30.0<br />

13.8<br />

12.3<br />

8.8<br />

7.9<br />

9.6<br />

9.1<br />

9.0<br />

8.5<br />

8.0<br />

9.0<br />

8.8<br />

7.8<br />

8.0 3-4<br />

19.9<br />

27.5<br />

21.4<br />

29.1<br />

30.6<br />

39.8<br />

39.8<br />

39.8<br />

22.9<br />

36.8<br />

CLE (edta) <br />

ASV (HMDE)<br />

0.6 c<br />

2.8 c<br />

(0.45 µm)<br />

0.3 c<br />

0.4 c<br />

1.2 c<br />

1.8 c<br />

2.8 c<br />

2.0 c<br />

0.5 c<br />

2.3 c<br />

discrete 2 ligand<br />

model<br />

(FITEQL)<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg value not<br />

reported)<br />

Xue et al.<br />

1995<br />

Chesapeake Bay 8-200 9.5-10.0 4-20 0.01-0.3 CSV + ASV Henry and<br />

Donat 1996<br />

Narragansett Bay,<br />

US:<br />

Upper, S=2<strong>4.</strong>9<br />

Middle, S=28.6<br />

Lower, S=30.3<br />

1 m<br />

polluted<br />

bloom<br />

less polluted<br />

Jun. 94<br />

48.2<br />

38.4<br />

10.6<br />

≥ 9<br />

9.4<br />

9.0<br />

7.8<br />

7.8<br />

7.9<br />

71.5<br />

23.7<br />

16.3<br />

ASV (TMF-<br />

RGCDE)<br />

13.3 c<br />

0.3 c<br />

(0.2 µm)<br />

<strong>4.</strong>0 c<br />

Langmuir,<br />

Ruić-van den<br />

Berg, and<br />

Scatchard<br />

linearisations<br />

K corrected<br />

(α inorg = 2,<br />

Turner et al.<br />

1981, Byrne et<br />

al. 1988)<br />

Kozelka and<br />

Bruland<br />

1998<br />

1<br />

Abbreviations used: R. = River; L. = lake; Est. = Estuary; S = salinity on the Practical Salinity Scale; international country codes follow the ISO 3166 convention.


2<br />

Specific sampling dates are given as dd/mm/yy, otherwise the month and year are given if reported. Values in m are sampling depths.<br />

4<br />

3<br />

Calculated values denoted by c ; measured values by m .<br />

4 Filter pore size given in parentheses. A - between techniques indicates that the methods were used sequentially on the same sample; a + indicates separate determinations by each method. For<br />

ASV, the electrode type is given in parentheses; SW = square wave. For CLE the competing ligand and the concentration range employed is given in parentheses. M = mol dm -3 .<br />

5 K correction refers to whether the presence of inorganic ligands was taken into account. α inorg is the inorganic side reaction coefficient = [M′]/[M n+ ], where [M′] is the concentration of inorganic<br />

complexes of the metal, M. When reported, the value of α inorg used in the <strong>data</strong> analysis is given in parentheses.


References<br />

5<br />

van den Berg, C.M.G. and S. Dharmvanij, 198<strong>4.</strong> Organic <strong>complexation</strong> of zinc in estuarine interstitial and surface <strong>water</strong> samples. Limnol. Oceanogr. 29: 1025-<br />

1036.<br />

van den Berg, C.M.G., P.M. Buckley and S. Dharmvanij, 198<strong>4.</strong> Determination of ligand concentrations and conditional stability constants in sea<strong>water</strong>. Comparison<br />

of the DPASV and the MnO 2 adsorption techniques. In: C.J.M. Kramer and J.C. Duinker (eds.), Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague:<br />

Complexation of Trace Metals in Natural Waters, pp. 213-216.<br />

van den Berg, C.M.G., 1985. Determination of zinc complexing capacity in sea<strong>water</strong> by cathodic stripping voltammetry of <strong>Zn</strong>-APDC complex ions. Mar. Chem.<br />

16: 121-130.<br />

van den Berg, C.M.G., P.J.M. Buckley, Z.Q. Huang and M. Nimmo, M, 1986. An electrochemical study of the speciation of copper, zinc and iron in two estuaries<br />

in England. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 22: 479-486.<br />

van den Berg, C.M.G., A.G.A. Merks and E.K. Duursma, 1987. Organic <strong>complexation</strong> and its control of the dissolved concentrations of copper and zinc in the<br />

Scheldt estuary. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 24: 785-797.<br />

Bruland, K.W., 1989. Complexation of zinc by <strong>natural</strong> organic ligands in the central North Pacific. Limnol. Oceanogr. 34: 269-285.<br />

Donat, J.R. and K.W. Bruland, 1990. A comparison of two voltammetric techniques for determining zinc speciation in Northeast Pacific Ocean <strong>water</strong>s. Mar. Chem.<br />

28: 301-323.<br />

Henry, C.W. and J.R. Donat, 1996. Zinc <strong>complexation</strong> and speciation in the Chesapeake Bay. Eos Trans. Am. Geophys. U. 77 (abstract OS72).


Hirose, K., Y. Dokiya, Y. and Y. Sugimura, 1982. Determination of conditional stability constants of organic copper and zinc complexes dissolved in sea<strong>water</strong><br />

using ligand exchange method with EDTA. Mar. Chem. 11: 343-35<strong>4.</strong><br />

6<br />

Kozelka, P.B. and K.W. Bruland, 1998. Chemical speciation of dissolved Cu, <strong>Zn</strong>, Cd, Pb in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Mar. Chem. 60: 267-282.<br />

Lewis, B.L., G.W. Luther and T.M. Church, 1995. Determination of metal-organic <strong>complexation</strong> in <strong>natural</strong> <strong>water</strong>s by SWASV with pseudopolarograms.<br />

Electroanal. 7: 166-177.<br />

Muller, F.L.L. and D.R. Kester, 1991. Voltammetric determination of the <strong>complexation</strong> parameters of zinc in marine and estuarine <strong>water</strong>s. Mar. Chem. 33: 71-90.<br />

Xue, H.B., D. Kistler and L. Sigg, 1995. Competition of copper and zinc for strong ligands in a eutrophic lake. Limnol. Oceanogr. 40: 1142-1152.

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