Chemical Hygiene Plan - Queensborough Community College ...
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Chemical Hygiene Plan - Queensborough Community College ...

Chemical Hygiene Plan - Queensborough Community College ... Chemical Hygiene Plan - Queensborough Community College ...

qcc.cuny.edu
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05.06.2014 Views

· Nitric acid · Sodium peroxide · Perchloric acid · Ammonium dichromate · Silver nitrate · Sodium chlorate b) Storage considerations: Oxidizers must be stored away from incompatible materials such as: · Flammables and combustible materials · Paper trash bins · Organic liquids · Greases · Finely divided metals · Other oxidizibles Nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid should be stored in separate rooms, cabinets, or break resistant containers and placed in acidic resistant trays. Some oxidizers can undergo explosive reactions when catalyzed or exposed to heat, shock or friction and must be physically separated from other chemicals. Examples are: · Ammonium perchlorate · Ammonium permanganate · Hydrogen peroxide (> 91% by weight) · Perchloric acid solutions (> 72.5% by weight) · Potassium superoxide Strong oxidizing agents should be stored and used in glass or other inert containers. Corks and rubber stoppers should not be used. 3. Peroxides and Chemicals That Tend to Form Peroxides: Storage Conditions: These must be stored in airtight containers in a dark, cool, and dry place. Storage Temperature Considerations: To minimize the rate of decomposition peroxides and peroxidizable materials should be stored at the lowest possible temperature consistent with their solubility and freezing point. Liquid or solutions of peroxide should not be stored at or lower than the temperature at which the peroxide freezes or precipitates, because peroxides in these forms are extremely sensitive to shock and heat. 5. Toxics Toxic chemicals can cause either severe short term health effects and/or severe long term chronic health effects. These include corrosives, dehydrating agents, carcinogens, potential carcinogens, allergic sensitizers, and reproductive hazards. They also include chemicals known to affect the nervous system, the liver, the kidneys, or the respiratory system. Some toxics are listed by category in tables in Appendix D. · These chemicals must be stored in unbreakable chemically resistant secondary containers. · Adequate ventilation must be provided in storage areas especially for toxics that have a high vapor pressure. · All dispensing of these materials must be conducted in a fume hood. · Other information about handling extremely toxic chemicals can be found in Chapter VI. 39

VII. CHEMICAL HAZARDS Chemicals can be broken down into hazard classes and exhibit both physical and health hazards. It is important to keep in mind, that chemicals can exhibit more than one hazard or combinations of hazards. Several factors can influence how a chemical will behave and the hazards the chemical presents and the severity of the response: • Concentration of the chemical. • Physical state of the chemical (solid, liquid, gas). • Physical processes involved in using the chemical (cutting, grinding, heating, cooling, etc.). • Chemical processes involved in using the chemical (mixing with other chemicals, purification, distillation, etc.). • Other processes (improper storage, addition of moisture, storage in sunlight, refrigeration, etc.). The following sections describe general information and safety precautions about specific hazard classes. The chemical hazards listed are based on the Department of Transportation (DOT) hazard class system. A general description of the hazards of various chemical functional groups can be found in the Appendix M. It is important to note that the following sections are general guidelines. Laboratory personnel should always review MSDSs and other resources before working with any chemical. 7.1 Explosives The OSHA Laboratory Standard defines an explosive as a chemical that causes a sudden, almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, and heat when subjected to sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature. Under the Department of Transportation (DOT) hazard class system, explosives are listed as Hazard Class 1. Fortunately, most laboratories do not use many explosives; however, there are a number of chemicals that can become unstable and/or potentially explosive over time through exposure to air, water, other materials such as metals, or when the chemical dries out. If you ever come across any chemical that you suspect could be potentially shock sensitive and/or explosive, do not attempt to move the container. These compounds may be shock, heat, and friction sensitive. Instead, contact your EHS Office immediately! Explosives can result in damage to surrounding materials, generation of toxic gases, and fires. If you plan to conduct an experiment where the potential for an explosion exists, first ask yourself the question: “Is there another chemical that could be substituted in the experiment that does not have an explosion potential”? If you must use a chemical that is potentially explosive, or for those compounds that you know are explosive, (even low powered explosives) you must first obtain prior approval from the P.I. to use such chemicals. After obtaining prior approval from 40

· Nitric acid<br />

· Sodium peroxide<br />

· Perchloric acid<br />

· Ammonium dichromate<br />

· Silver nitrate<br />

· Sodium chlorate<br />

b) Storage considerations:<br />

Oxidizers must be stored away from incompatible materials such as:<br />

· Flammables and combustible materials<br />

· Paper trash bins<br />

· Organic liquids<br />

· Greases<br />

· Finely divided metals<br />

· Other oxidizibles<br />

Nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid should be stored in separate rooms,<br />

cabinets, or break resistant containers and placed in acidic resistant trays. Some oxidizers<br />

can undergo explosive reactions when catalyzed or exposed to heat, shock or friction and<br />

must be physically separated from other chemicals. Examples are:<br />

· Ammonium perchlorate<br />

· Ammonium permanganate<br />

· Hydrogen peroxide (> 91% by weight)<br />

· Perchloric acid solutions (> 72.5% by weight)<br />

· Potassium superoxide<br />

Strong oxidizing agents should be stored and used in glass or other inert containers.<br />

Corks and rubber stoppers should not be used.<br />

3. Peroxides and <strong>Chemical</strong>s That Tend to Form Peroxides:<br />

Storage Conditions:<br />

These must be stored in airtight containers in a dark, cool, and dry place.<br />

Storage Temperature Considerations:<br />

To minimize the rate of decomposition peroxides and peroxidizable materials should be<br />

stored at the lowest possible temperature consistent with their solubility and freezing<br />

point. Liquid or solutions of peroxide should not be stored at or lower than the<br />

temperature at which the peroxide freezes or precipitates, because peroxides in these<br />

forms are extremely sensitive to shock and heat.<br />

5. Toxics<br />

Toxic chemicals can cause either severe short term health effects and/or severe long term<br />

chronic health effects. These include corrosives, dehydrating agents, carcinogens,<br />

potential carcinogens, allergic sensitizers, and reproductive hazards. They also include<br />

chemicals known to affect the nervous system, the liver, the kidneys, or the respiratory<br />

system. Some toxics are listed by category in tables in Appendix D.<br />

· These chemicals must be stored in unbreakable chemically resistant secondary<br />

containers.<br />

· Adequate ventilation must be provided in storage areas especially for toxics that have a<br />

high vapor pressure.<br />

· All dispensing of these materials must be conducted in a fume hood.<br />

· Other information about handling extremely toxic chemicals can be found in Chapter<br />

VI.<br />

39

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