Chemical Hygiene Plan - Queensborough Community College ...

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• Many amines are proven or suspected human carcinogens, among aromatic amines, ortho-isomers generally exhibit stronger carcinogenic properties than those of the para- and meta-isomers. • Unlike aliphatic amines, the aromatic amines do not cause severe skin burn or corneal injury. • The pure liquids (or solids) may produce mild to moderate irritation on the skin. • Lower aromatic amines are combustible liquids and form explosive mixtures with air. • Amines may react violently with strong oxidizing compounds. Examples: Aniline Benzidine o-Toluidine AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS • Aromatics are a class of hydrocarbons having benzene-ring structures. • Many polyaromatics are carcinogens. • The acute toxicity of mononuclear aromatics is low. • Inhalation of vapors at high concentrations in air may cause narcosis with symptoms of hallucination, excitement, euphoria, distorted perception, and headache. • Benzene is the only mononuclear aromatic with possible human carcinogenicity and other severe chronic effects. • With a greater degree of substitutions in the benzene ring and/or increase in the carbon chain length of the alkyl substituents, the flammability decreases. Examples: Benzene Benzolalpyrene Pyrene Toluene Xylene AZIDES, FULMINATES, ACETYLIDES, and RELATED COMPOUNDS • These compounds form highly explosive shock- and heat-sensitive salts with many metals. • Structurally they differ from each other, but have similar detonating characteristics. • While alkali metal azides are inert to shock, the salts for copper, silver, lead, and mercury are dangerously shock sensitive. • Fulminates of heavy metals are powerful explosives. • These compounds are highly sensitive to impact and heat. • Acetylides of heavy metals are extremely shock sensitive when dry, whereas, the salts of alkali metals are fairly stable. • Most azides, fulminates, acetylides, nitrides and related compounds are highly unstable and constitute an explosion hazard. • Salts of Group IB and IIB metals are especially explosive. 193
• Azides of nonmetals, such as those of halogens or organic azides such as that of cyanogen, are also extremely shock sensitive. • Some of these compounds may even explode on exposure to light. Examples: Cuprous acetylide Hydrazoic acid Lead azide Mercury fulminate Silver fulminate Silver nitride Sodium azide CARBOXYLIC ACIDS • Weak organic acids, their strength is much weaker than mineral acids. • Toxicity of monocarboxylic acids is moderate to low and decreases with carbon chain length. • Some of lower dicarboxylic acids are moderate to high toxicity, becoming less toxic with increasing carbon chain length. • Low molecular weight carboxylic acids are combustible liquids. • Aromatic acids are of low toxicity. Examples: Acetic acid Oxalic acid Butyric acid Propionic acid Formic acid Succinic acid Methacrylic acid Valeric acid EPOXY COMPOUNDS • Epoxides, also called oxiranes and 1,2-epoxides. • Exposure to epoxides can cause irritation of the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. • Low molecular weight epoxides are strong irritants and more toxic than higher ones. • Inhalation can produce pulmonary edema and affect the lungs, central nervous system and liver. • Many epoxy compounds have been found to cause cancer in animals. • Lower epoxides are highly flammable. • They also polymerize readily in the presence of strong acids and active catalysts, this reaction generates heat and pressure that may rupture closed containers. • Therefore contact with anhydrous metal halides, strong bases, and readily oxidizable substances should be avoided. Examples: Butylene oxide Epichlorohydrin Ethylene oxide Glycidaldehyde Glycidol Isopropyl glycidyl ether ESTERS 194
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LABORATORY SAFETY AND CHEMICAL HYGI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose..........
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Visiting Scientists and Other Simil
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Cryogenic Safety...................
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PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL The main pur
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The OSHA Laboratory Standard requir
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12. Maintain records and make them
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3. Keep the Department Chairperson,
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6. Before an extremely hazardous su
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• Laboratories can use “price t
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shipment of improperly labeled prod
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• Do not smell or taste chemicals
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5.3 Inhalation Inhalation of chemic
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Symptoms of skin exposure to chemic
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5.10 Toxic Effects Toxic effects ar
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• All chemical containers MUST be
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· Peroxidizable materials (aldehyd
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6.4 Transporting Chemicals When tra
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liquids not in use should be kept i
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7. An inside storage room meeting a
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VII. CHEMICAL HAZARDS Chemicals can
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• Metal Picrate Salts • 2,4-Din
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7.5 Dangerous When Wet “Dangerous
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ways to remove them if discovered.
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1(800) 222-1222. If possible, bring
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• Prior approval - Before anyone
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everyone in the laboratory is aware
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particularly hazardous substances
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8.7 Reproductive Toxins The OSHA La
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9.1 Chemical Fume Hoods Fume hoods
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inspected, and initials of the insp
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9.4 Biological Safety Cabinet Certi
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• Plan and prepare for your work
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The topic of glove boxes can be con
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10.1 Standard Operating Procedures
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paper, boxes, plastics, etc.) withi
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10.6 Working Alone In Appendix A of
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• The nature of the experiment in
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Additionally, as with installation
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• Record keeping requirements •
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Prescription Safety Eyewear OSHA re
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different glove types. Different ma
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• Natural Rubber Latex*** - Resis
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The use of all types of respiratory
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your College’s Emergency Procedur
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• Check all pressure, temperature
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If you have been trained and it is
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4) Try to prevent spilled chemicals
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their use. Colleges and departments
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Once outside, notify emergency resp
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5) Keep flushing for at least 15 mi
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3. The New York City Rules and Regu
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6. Selection of Hazardous Waste Con
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XV. PESTICIDES A pesticide is defin
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16.1 Institutional Biosafety Commit
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the College’s IACUC must ensure t
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• Materials derived from animals
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the same regulations and laws; and
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problems and compliance issues, and
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from any given amperage, the table
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extension cords, see the Consumer P
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"reset" buttons. They are found on
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properly replaced before use. Movin
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22.4.1 Handling Compressed Gas Cyli
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materials for connections; toxic an
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Therefore, when counting an “equa
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• If toxic, flammable, or otherwi
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22.9 Centrifuges Some general safet
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significant thrust may be experienc
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frozen to the underlying skin, cold
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• Allow the system to cool and th
Page 143 and 144: • Cover the tubing with cloth and
Page 145 and 146: • Apparatus, equipment, or chemic
Page 147 and 148: • Seat height—be sure lab chair
Page 149 and 150: someone else in your department or
Page 151 and 152: 23.3 Cylinders • Before moving to
Page 153 and 154: EHS roles/responsibilities: • Pro
Page 155 and 156: and that there are no dents or hole
Page 157 and 158: • The contents of the Laboratory
Page 159 and 160: Training Manuals and Booklets P.I.s
Page 161 and 162: • Where airborne exposure monitor
Page 163 and 164: than one year's employment must be
Page 165 and 166: APPENDIX B: SITE MAP 164
Page 167 and 168: APPENDIX D: OSHA TOXIC SUBSTANCES L
Page 169 and 170: APPENDIX F: SAMPLE LAB INSPECTION F
Page 171 and 172: APPENDIX G: CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY
Page 173 and 174: peroxide, Nitric acid, Sodium perox
Page 175 and 176: Sodium peroxide Sulfides Sulfuric a
Page 177 and 178: APPENDIX I: FDNY REGULATIONS GOVERN
Page 179 and 180: 41 and the total quantity, excludin
Page 181 and 182: Dimethyl sulfoxide 1 Natural rubber
Page 183 and 184: Pump oil Butyl rubber Silane based
Page 185 and 186: APPENDIX L: HOW TO UNDERSTAND MATER
Page 187 and 188: Percent Volatile by Volume: Describ
Page 189 and 190: Stability: Unstable indicates that
Page 191 and 192: APPENDIX M: HAZARDS OF FUNCTIONAL G
Page 193: Examples: Butane Cyclohexene Cyclop
Page 197 and 198: • The routes of exposure are inha
Page 199 and 200: • Many of the common solvents can
Page 201 and 202: ORGANIC PEROXIDES • Compounds con
Page 203 and 204: • High doses may produce somnolen
Page 205 and 206: APPENDIX O:LASER REGISTRATION FORM
Page 207 and 208: APPENDIX Q : APPENDIX OF REFERENCE
Page 209 and 210: Biological Effects and Exposure Cri
Page 211 and 212: Dental X-Ray Protection, National C
Page 213 and 214: Gibson, David E., Printmaking, Occu
Page 215 and 216: Laboratory Decontamination and Carc
Page 217 and 218: Natural Background Radiation In The
Page 219 and 220: Public Radiation Exposure from Nucl
Page 221 and 222: Materials, The School of the Art In
Page 223 and 224: Video Display Terminals, Bell Labor
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