Chemical Hygiene Plan - Queensborough Community College ...

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Benzaldehyde Formaldehyde Isobutyraldehyde Propenal ALIPHATIC AMINES • The toxicity of most aliphatic amines may fall in the low to moderate category. • The health hazard from amines arises primarily from their caustic nature. • All lower aliphatic amines are severe irritants to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. • All of these compounds have a strong to mild odor of ammonia and their vapors produce irritation of the nose and throat. • Aliphatic amines, especially the lower ones, are highly flammable liquids, many which have flashpoints below 0 degrees Celsius. • The vapors are heavier than air. • They react vigorously with concentrated mineral acids. • The flammability decreases with an increase in the carbon number. • The reactivity of amines in general, is low. Examples: Aminocyclohexane Ethyleneimine Methylamine 2-Propylamine ALIPHATIC and ALICYCLIC HYDROCARBONS • Organic compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen. • Hydrocarbons may be classified into 3 broad categories: o Open-chain aliphatic compounds o Cyclic or alicyclic compounds of naphthalene type o Aromatic ring compounds • Open chain aliphatic hydrocarbons constitute alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and their isomers. Alkenes or olefins are unsaturated compounds, characterized by one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms. Alkynes or acetylenic hydrocarbons contain a triple bond in the molecule and are highly unsaturated. An alicyclic hydrocarbon is a cyclic ring compound of 3 or more carbon atoms. Aromatics are ring compounds too, but are characterized by a 6 carbon atom unsaturated benzenoid rings. • The toxicities of aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons in humans and animals are very low. • The gaseous compounds are all nontoxic and are simple asphyxiants. • Lower hydrocarbons are highly flammable substances, an increase in the carbon number causes a decrease in flammability. • It is the flammable properties that make hydrocarbons hazardous. • The reactivity of alkanes and cycloalkanes is very low. • Alkenes and alkynes containing double and triple bonds are reactive. 191
Examples: Butane Cyclohexene Cyclopentane Methane n-Pentane ALKALI and OTHER REACTIVE METALS • Alkali metals constitute Group IA of the periodic table. • Alkaline-earth metals constitute Group IIA and are less active than the alkali metals. • These can be water and/or air reactive. • Several of these metals are flammable, too, but only in finely divided state. • Reactions with water produce strong bases. Examples: Aluminum Calcium Lithium Magnesium Potassium Sodium ALKALIES • Water-soluble bases, mostly the hydroxides of alkali- and alkaline-earth metals. • Certain carbonates and bicarbonates also exhibit basic properties but are weak bases. • These compounds react with acids to form salts and water. • The health hazard from concentrated solutions of alkalies arises from their severe corrosive actions on tissues. • These compounds are bitter to taste, corrosive to skin and a severe irritant to the eyes. • The toxicity of alkalies is governed by the metal ions. • Hydroxides and carbonates of alkali-and alkaline-earth are noncombustible. • Strong caustic alkalies react exothermically with many substances, including water and concentrated acids, generating heat that can ignite flammable materials. Examples: Lithium hydroxide Potassium carbonate Potassium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide AROMATIC AMINES • Compounds that contain one or more amino groups attached to an aromatic ring. • These amines are similar in many respects to aliphatic amines. • These amines are basic, but the basicity is lower to aliphatic amines. • The health hazard from aromatic amines may arise in two ways: o Moderate to sever poisoning, with symptoms ranging from headache, dizziness, and ataxia to anemia, cyanosis, and reticulocytosis. o Carcinogenic, especially cancer of the bladder. 192
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LABORATORY SAFETY AND CHEMICAL HYGI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose..........
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Visiting Scientists and Other Simil
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Cryogenic Safety...................
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PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL The main pur
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The OSHA Laboratory Standard requir
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12. Maintain records and make them
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3. Keep the Department Chairperson,
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6. Before an extremely hazardous su
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• Laboratories can use “price t
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shipment of improperly labeled prod
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• Do not smell or taste chemicals
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5.3 Inhalation Inhalation of chemic
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Symptoms of skin exposure to chemic
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5.10 Toxic Effects Toxic effects ar
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• All chemical containers MUST be
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· Peroxidizable materials (aldehyd
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6.4 Transporting Chemicals When tra
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liquids not in use should be kept i
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7. An inside storage room meeting a
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VII. CHEMICAL HAZARDS Chemicals can
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• Metal Picrate Salts • 2,4-Din
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7.5 Dangerous When Wet “Dangerous
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ways to remove them if discovered.
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1(800) 222-1222. If possible, bring
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• Prior approval - Before anyone
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everyone in the laboratory is aware
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particularly hazardous substances
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8.7 Reproductive Toxins The OSHA La
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9.1 Chemical Fume Hoods Fume hoods
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inspected, and initials of the insp
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9.4 Biological Safety Cabinet Certi
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• Plan and prepare for your work
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The topic of glove boxes can be con
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10.1 Standard Operating Procedures
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paper, boxes, plastics, etc.) withi
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10.6 Working Alone In Appendix A of
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• The nature of the experiment in
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Additionally, as with installation
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• Record keeping requirements •
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Prescription Safety Eyewear OSHA re
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different glove types. Different ma
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• Natural Rubber Latex*** - Resis
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The use of all types of respiratory
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your College’s Emergency Procedur
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• Check all pressure, temperature
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If you have been trained and it is
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4) Try to prevent spilled chemicals
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their use. Colleges and departments
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Once outside, notify emergency resp
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5) Keep flushing for at least 15 mi
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3. The New York City Rules and Regu
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6. Selection of Hazardous Waste Con
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XV. PESTICIDES A pesticide is defin
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16.1 Institutional Biosafety Commit
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the College’s IACUC must ensure t
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• Materials derived from animals
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the same regulations and laws; and
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problems and compliance issues, and
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from any given amperage, the table
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extension cords, see the Consumer P
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"reset" buttons. They are found on
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properly replaced before use. Movin
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22.4.1 Handling Compressed Gas Cyli
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materials for connections; toxic an
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Therefore, when counting an “equa
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• If toxic, flammable, or otherwi
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22.9 Centrifuges Some general safet
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significant thrust may be experienc
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frozen to the underlying skin, cold
Page 141 and 142: • Allow the system to cool and th
Page 143 and 144: • Cover the tubing with cloth and
Page 145 and 146: • Apparatus, equipment, or chemic
Page 147 and 148: • Seat height—be sure lab chair
Page 149 and 150: someone else in your department or
Page 151 and 152: 23.3 Cylinders • Before moving to
Page 153 and 154: EHS roles/responsibilities: • Pro
Page 155 and 156: and that there are no dents or hole
Page 157 and 158: • The contents of the Laboratory
Page 159 and 160: Training Manuals and Booklets P.I.s
Page 161 and 162: • Where airborne exposure monitor
Page 163 and 164: than one year's employment must be
Page 165 and 166: APPENDIX B: SITE MAP 164
Page 167 and 168: APPENDIX D: OSHA TOXIC SUBSTANCES L
Page 169 and 170: APPENDIX F: SAMPLE LAB INSPECTION F
Page 171 and 172: APPENDIX G: CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY
Page 173 and 174: peroxide, Nitric acid, Sodium perox
Page 175 and 176: Sodium peroxide Sulfides Sulfuric a
Page 177 and 178: APPENDIX I: FDNY REGULATIONS GOVERN
Page 179 and 180: 41 and the total quantity, excludin
Page 181 and 182: Dimethyl sulfoxide 1 Natural rubber
Page 183 and 184: Pump oil Butyl rubber Silane based
Page 185 and 186: APPENDIX L: HOW TO UNDERSTAND MATER
Page 187 and 188: Percent Volatile by Volume: Describ
Page 189 and 190: Stability: Unstable indicates that
Page 191: APPENDIX M: HAZARDS OF FUNCTIONAL G
Page 195 and 196: • Azides of nonmetals, such as th
Page 197 and 198: • The routes of exposure are inha
Page 199 and 200: • Many of the common solvents can
Page 201 and 202: ORGANIC PEROXIDES • Compounds con
Page 203 and 204: • High doses may produce somnolen
Page 205 and 206: APPENDIX O:LASER REGISTRATION FORM
Page 207 and 208: APPENDIX Q : APPENDIX OF REFERENCE
Page 209 and 210: Biological Effects and Exposure Cri
Page 211 and 212: Dental X-Ray Protection, National C
Page 213 and 214: Gibson, David E., Printmaking, Occu
Page 215 and 216: Laboratory Decontamination and Carc
Page 217 and 218: Natural Background Radiation In The
Page 219 and 220: Public Radiation Exposure from Nucl
Page 221 and 222: Materials, The School of the Art In
Page 223 and 224: Video Display Terminals, Bell Labor
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