Evaluation of the Australian Wage Subsidy Special Youth ...
Evaluation of the Australian Wage Subsidy Special Youth ... Evaluation of the Australian Wage Subsidy Special Youth ...
(1.32) (1.32) CEP referrals 1984 0.16 0.02 (2.36)* (2.36)* duration of Pre-June 1984 unemployment 0.46 0.05 (2.79)** (2.79)** Work limited by health -0.60 -0.04 Family background (2.32)* (2.32)* Other city before aged 14 -0.25 -0.02 (1.49) (1.49) Country town before aged 14 -0.43 -0.04 (2.76)** (2.76)** Rural area before aged 14 -0.46 -0.03 (1.70) (1.70) Overseas before aged 14 -0.71 -0.04 (1.38) (1.38) Number of siblings -0.01 -0.00 (0.83) (0.83) English good -0.12 -0.01 (0.48) (0.48) English poor -0.56 -0.04 (1.03) (1.03) Sexist 0.25 0.03 (0.95) (0.95) Sexist*female -0.76 -0.04 Fathers occupation when resp. 14 (1.24) (1.24) Father not present when resp 14 -0.22 -0.02 (0.79) (0.79) Labourer -0.16 -0.01 (0.52) (0.52) Plant operative -0.21 -0.02 (0.75) (0.75) Sales -0.10 -0.01 (0.30) (0.30) Tradesperson -0.25 -0.02 (0.90) (0.90) Manager/professional/para-professional -0.08 -0.01 (0.33) (0.33) Not employed -0.39 -0.03 (1.08) (1.08) Father holds post-school qualification when resp 14 -0.30 -0.03 Mothers occupation when resp. 14 (2.00)* (2.00)* Mother not present when resp 14 0.52 0.08 (1.64) (1.64) Labourer 0.14 0.02 (0.45) (0.45) Plant operative 0.65 0.10 (2.10)* (2.10)* Sales 0.19 0.02 (0.65) (0.65) Tradesperson 0.09 0.01 (0.21) (0.21) Manager/professional/para-professional -0.23 -0.02 (0.76) (0.76) Not employed 0.05 0.01 (0.21) (0.21) Mother post-school qualification when resp 14 0.25 0.03 268
269 Religion brought up in (1.52) (1.52) Catholic 0.06 0.01 (0.38) (0.38) Presbyterian 0.32 0.04 (1.34) (1.34) Methodist 0.12 0.01 (0.46) (0.46) Other Christian 0.10 0.01 (0.35) (0.35) Other religion 0.16 0.02 (0.72) (0.72) No religion 0.19 0.02 (0.95) (0.95) constant 0.71 (0.93) Observations 1283 1283 Log likelihood -307.19 LR chi 2 (59) 173 107.57 Mcfadden’s Pseudo R 2 174 0.1490 Akaike Information Criterion 0.57 Absolute value of z statistics in parentheses * significant at 5%; ** significant at 1% 173 This is the likelihood ratio test of the hypothesis that all coefficients except the intercept are equal to zero. It is defined as LR = 2 (log likelihood M full – 2 log likelihood M intercept ). The degrees of freedom of this chi squared distributed statistic are equal to the number of constrained parameters i.e. the number of coefficients being tested. 174 This measure of fit is also known as the likelihood ratio index. It compares the full model of parameters (M full ) to a model with just the intercept (M intercept ). It is defined as R 2 = 1 – (log likelihood M full / log likelihood M intercept ) . The value of Mcfadden’s Pseudo R 2 increases as new variables are added.
- Page 233 and 234: 217 Table 6.7 Matching results, sin
- Page 235 and 236: 219 6.3 Discussion The comparison o
- Page 237 and 238: 221 the selection into SYETP and th
- Page 239 and 240: 223 Heteroskedasticity is a violati
- Page 241 and 242: 225 Table 7.1, Part A Employment eq
- Page 243 and 244: 227 (1.26) (1.28) (1.16) Mothers oc
- Page 245 and 246: 229 Other Post-School qualification
- Page 247 and 248: 231 7.1.2 Exclusion restriction in
- Page 249 and 250: 233 Finally, the third panel of new
- Page 251 and 252: 235 Table 7.2 summary of changes to
- Page 253 and 254: 237 schooling that was statisticall
- Page 255 and 256: 239 (0.25) (0.21) 3 years + -0.50 -
- Page 257 and 258: 241 Table 7.4 Summary of distributi
- Page 259 and 260: 243 7.2.2 Propensity score matching
- Page 261 and 262: 245 original model, but with the pe
- Page 263 and 264: 247 maintained, then the Heckman bi
- Page 265 and 266: 249 Table 7.6 Weighted Probit used
- Page 267 and 268: 251 Table 7.7 Summary of distributi
- Page 269 and 270: 253 8: Summary and Conclusions The
- Page 271 and 272: 255 over which it ran, the review m
- Page 273 and 274: 257 the Heckman and PSM methods wer
- Page 275 and 276: 259 posited that that such sensitiv
- Page 277 and 278: 261 Description Derivation and deta
- Page 279 and 280: Appendix 2 Tables 263
- Page 281 and 282: 2 years 0.28 0.07 (1.70) (1.70) 3 y
- Page 283: 267 Table A2.0b Univariate Probit o
- Page 287 and 288: 271 hq9_84 Year 9 of school or less
- Page 289 and 290: 273 Table A2.1 Continued Means and
- Page 291 and 292: 275 mtrad Tradesperson 0.04 0.04 0.
- Page 293 and 294: 277 Year 9 of school or less -0.19
- Page 295 and 296: 279 Table A2.3 Probit of SYETP part
- Page 297 and 298: 281 (0.22) (0.44) (0.67) (0.89) Tra
- Page 299 and 300: 283 Table A2.5a Univariate probit f
- Page 301 and 302: 285 Manager/professional/para-profe
- Page 303 and 304: 3 years + -0.04 (2.13)* CEP referra
- Page 305 and 306: 289 Table A2.6 Part A Employment eq
- Page 307 and 308: 291 Table A2.6 Part B Selection/par
- Page 309 and 310: 293 Table A2.7 Part A Employment eq
- Page 311 and 312: 295 Table A2.7 Part B Selection/par
- Page 313 and 314: 297 Table A2.8 Part A Employment eq
- Page 315 and 316: 299 Table A2.8 Part B Selection/par
- Page 317 and 318: 301
- Page 319 and 320: BLMR Bureau of Labour Market Resear
- Page 321 and 322: Fay, R.G. (1996) "Enhancing the eff
- Page 323 and 324: Heckman J.J. and Smith, J. A. (1998
- Page 325 and 326: Lewis, H.G. (1963) "Unionism and re
- Page 327 and 328: Quandt, R. (1972) "A new approach t
- Page 329 and 330: Stromback, M. and Dockery, A. (2000
(1.32) (1.32)<br />
CEP referrals 1984 0.16 0.02<br />
(2.36)* (2.36)*<br />
duration <strong>of</strong> Pre-June 1984 unemployment 0.46 0.05<br />
(2.79)** (2.79)**<br />
Work limited by health -0.60 -0.04<br />
Family background (2.32)* (2.32)*<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r city before aged 14 -0.25 -0.02<br />
(1.49) (1.49)<br />
Country town before aged 14 -0.43 -0.04<br />
(2.76)** (2.76)**<br />
Rural area before aged 14 -0.46 -0.03<br />
(1.70) (1.70)<br />
Overseas before aged 14 -0.71 -0.04<br />
(1.38) (1.38)<br />
Number <strong>of</strong> siblings -0.01 -0.00<br />
(0.83) (0.83)<br />
English good -0.12 -0.01<br />
(0.48) (0.48)<br />
English poor -0.56 -0.04<br />
(1.03) (1.03)<br />
Sexist 0.25 0.03<br />
(0.95) (0.95)<br />
Sexist*female -0.76 -0.04<br />
Fa<strong>the</strong>rs occupation when resp. 14 (1.24) (1.24)<br />
Fa<strong>the</strong>r not present when resp 14 -0.22 -0.02<br />
(0.79) (0.79)<br />
Labourer -0.16 -0.01<br />
(0.52) (0.52)<br />
Plant operative -0.21 -0.02<br />
(0.75) (0.75)<br />
Sales -0.10 -0.01<br />
(0.30) (0.30)<br />
Tradesperson -0.25 -0.02<br />
(0.90) (0.90)<br />
Manager/pr<strong>of</strong>essional/para-pr<strong>of</strong>essional -0.08 -0.01<br />
(0.33) (0.33)<br />
Not employed -0.39 -0.03<br />
(1.08) (1.08)<br />
Fa<strong>the</strong>r holds post-school qualification when resp 14 -0.30 -0.03<br />
Mo<strong>the</strong>rs occupation when resp. 14 (2.00)* (2.00)*<br />
Mo<strong>the</strong>r not present when resp 14 0.52 0.08<br />
(1.64) (1.64)<br />
Labourer 0.14 0.02<br />
(0.45) (0.45)<br />
Plant operative 0.65 0.10<br />
(2.10)* (2.10)*<br />
Sales 0.19 0.02<br />
(0.65) (0.65)<br />
Tradesperson 0.09 0.01<br />
(0.21) (0.21)<br />
Manager/pr<strong>of</strong>essional/para-pr<strong>of</strong>essional -0.23 -0.02<br />
(0.76) (0.76)<br />
Not employed 0.05 0.01<br />
(0.21) (0.21)<br />
Mo<strong>the</strong>r post-school qualification when resp 14 0.25 0.03<br />
268