Chapter 2: Graphs, Charts, and Tables--Describing Your Data

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78 CHAPTER 2 • GRAPHS, CHARTS, AND TABLES—DESCRIBING YOUR DATA 120 Scatter Diagram 100 General Negative Relationship Training Hours 80 60 40 20 0 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 (U.S. Employees) 2-3: Exercises Skill Development 2-46. You have the following sales data for the past 12 months. Develop a line graph for these data. Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Sales 200 230 210 300 320 290 Month Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Sales 300 360 400 410 390 450 2-47. The following data have been selected on two variables, y and x. Construct a scatter plot for these two variables and indicate what type, if any, relationship appears to be present. y x 100 23.5 250 17.8 70 28.6 130 19.3 190 15.9 250 19.1 40 35.3 2-48. The following information shows the year-end dollar value (in millions) of deposits for Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. for the years 1997–2004. (Source: Bank of the Ozarks, Inc., 2004 Annual Report.) Year Deposits (in $millions) 1997 296 1998 529 1999 596 2000 678 2001 678 2002 790 2003 1062 2004 1380 Prepare a line chart of the data and briefly describe what the chart shows. 2-49. The following data represent 11 observations of two quantitative variables: x contact hours with client, y profit generated from client. x y x y x y x y 45 2,345 54 3,811 34 −700 24 1,975 56 4,200 24 2,406 45 3,457 32 206 26 278 23 3,250 47 2,478 a. Construct a scatter plot of the data. Indicate whether the plot suggests a linear or nonlinear relationship between the dependent and independent variables. b. Determine how much influence one data point will have upon your perception of the relationship
CHAPTER 2 • GRAPHS, CHARTS, AND TABLES—DESCRIBING YOUR DATA 79 between the independent and dependent variables by deleting the data point with the smallest x-value. What appears to be the relationship between the dependent and independent variables? 2-50. The district manager for a corporation has collected the following data on annual sales and the years of experience of members of his sales staff: Sales $K: 200 191 135 236 305 183 50 192 184 73 Years: 10 4 5 9 12 6 2 7 6 2 a. Construct a scatter plot representing these data. b. Determine the kind of relationship that exists (if any) between years of experience and sales. c. Approximate the increase in sales that accrues with each additional year of experience for a member of the salesforce. Business Applications 2-51. In July 2005, Greg Sandoval of the Associated Press authored a study of the video game industry that focused on the efforts of the industry to interest women in the games. In that study, he cited another report by the Entertainments Software Association that indicated the percentage of women who play video games in 2004 was 43% while only 12.5% of the software developers were female. Sandoval also presented the following data showing the U.S. computer/video game sales: Year Sales (Billions) 1996 $3.80 1997 $4.30 1998 $5.70 1999 $6.10 2000 $6.00 2001 $6.30 2002 $6.95 2003 $7.00 2004 $7.30 Construct a line chart showing these computer/video game sales data. Write a short statement describing the graph. 2-52. Recent changes in the U.S. federal tax code have increased the popularity of dividend-paying stocks for some investors. Shown here are the diluted net earnings per common share and the dividends per common share for the Procter & Gamble Company for the years 1996–2005. (Source: 2005 P&G Annual Report.) Diluted Net Earnings Dividends per Year per Common Share Common Share 1996 $1.00 $0.40 1997 $1.14 $0.45 1998 $1.28 $0.51 1999 $1.29 $0.57 2000 $1.23 $0.64 2001 $1.03 $0.70 2002 $1.54 $0.76 2003 $1.85 $0.82 2004 $2.32 $0.93 2005 $2.66 $1.03 a. Construct a line chart of diluted net earnings per common share for the years 1996–2005. b. Construct a line chart of dividends per common share for the years 1996–2005. c. Construct a chart that can be used to determine whether there is a relationship between the two variables for the years 1996–2005. What relationship, if any, appears to exist between the two variables? 2-53. Amazon.com celebrated its 10th anniversary in July 2005. Its growth can be seen by examining its increasing sales volume (in $billions) as reported by Hoovers Inc. Sales 0.0005 0.0157 0.1477 0.6098 1.6398 Year 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Sales 2.7619 3.1229 3.9329 5.2637 6.9211 Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 a. Construct a line plot for Amazon’s sales. b. Describe the type of relationship that exists between the years in business and Amazon’s sales volume. c. In which year does it appear that Amazon had the sharpest increase in sales? 2-54. Business Week (Reed, Stanley, et al., “Open Season on Big Oil,” September 26, 2005) reported on data provided by A. G. Edwards & Sons concerning the profits ($billions) for 10 of the largest integrated oil and gas companies over the period from 1999 to 2005. Year 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Profit 33.3 62.5 58.3 41.7 66.7 91.7 118.0
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Chapter 2: Graphs, Charts, and Tables--Describing Your Data

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