appendix b final 2008 biological surveys of los angeles and long ...

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1.0 Introduction 1.4 STUDY OBJECTIVES SAIC was contracted by the Ports to conduct the present Biological Study in Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors. All sampling locations for the present study are presented in Figure 1.1-3. The goal was to provide an update of quantitative information from the previous biological baseline study conducted in 2000 (MEC 2002). Specific objectives were to: • Provide physical/chemical characterization of environmental conditions during summer by measuring water quality and sediment grain size; • Provide an update on the status of larval, juvenile, and adult fish populations; • Provide an update on the status of the benthic invertebrate communities; • Provide an updated description of biological communities attached to rocky riprap habitats; • Provide an update of the harbor bird communities, including a summary of marine mammals observed during the surveys; • Map kelp and eelgrass distributions and describe macroalgae communities; • Identify the relative occurrence of non-indigenous (exotic) species among native populations; • Provide a comparison of changes in current marine habitats with previous (historical) studies; and • Provide a comparison of between benthic sampling methods. The objectives listed above were accomplished by using the same study design followed by the Ports for previous baseline studies in consultation with various resource agencies, including California Department of Fish and Game, National Marine Fisheries Service, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. For most tasks conducted during this study, the survey station locations remained the same as those sampled during the 2000 biological baseline study (MEC, 2002). Details concerning the number of stations and frequency of sampling for each resource area are presented in their respective chapters. Generally, the study design allowed for similar numbers of stations to be sampled within each port and corresponded to the range of representative habitat types within each area. MEC (2002) described the marine communities in the harbor complex by means of summary measures such as number of species, abundance, and biomass, and diversity indices that describe general community structure. Standardized mean community summary measures were used for comparisons with historical biological data. Species lists were reviewed for the presence of non-indigenous species by qualified taxonomists with specific expertise in the identification of Southern California Bight marine organisms. The current study utilized all of the community measures and historical comparisons described above. 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors 1–3 April 2010
1.0 Introduction 1.5 OVERVIEW OF PREVIOUS STUDIES AND COMPARISON OF METHODS Marine studies of the Port complex in the 1950s reported severe pollution in many harbor areas (Reish 1959), resulting in the need for cleanup efforts in the 1960s (summarized in MEC 2002). During the 1970s, studies of the physical/chemical and biological conditions in the Ports were conducted by a number of research organizations for a variety of sponsors, including Pacific Lighting Service, NOAA Sea Grant Program, Los Angeles Board of Harbor Commissioners, and USACE (MEC 2002). In the mid 1970s, studies in Long Beach harbor focused on potential thermal discharge effects from the Long Beach Generating Station (EQA-MBC 1978), the intake and discharge of which are located just north of the Gerald Desmond Bridge, opposite Pier C. Over the past 30 years, port development plans have focused on accommodating anticipated increases in cargo. Numerous dredge and fill projects have been completed since the 1970s, when the first comprehensive baseline studies were conducted (MEC 2002). Other biological studies have focused on changes to the configuration of the Ports since the 1970s, including construction of Piers 300 and 400, expansion of Pier J (SAIC and MEC 1997), various slip fills, and construction of the west basin of the Cabrillo Marina complex (Jones & Stokes 2002). As stated above, few major projects have occurred in the Ports since 2000, with most being part of the Channel Deepening project (USACE and LAHD 2000). Separate biological studies of Long Beach and Los Angeles harbors were conducted in the 1980s and 1990s. Several of these studies monitored effects of thermal discharges, while others focused on effects of discharges from the TITP outfall, and harbor developments (MBC 1984). In addition, MEC conducted biological baseline studies of Los Angeles Harbor in 1986- 1987 (MEC 1988) and of Long Beach Harbor in 1994 and 1996 (MEC 1997), and MBC conducted a baseline study of Long Beach Harbor in 1983 (MBC 1984). 1–4 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors April 2010
Page 1 and 2: APPENDIX B FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SU
Page 4: FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF LO
Page 7 and 8: Table of Contents 3.4.3 Summary of
Page 9 and 10: Table of Contents 8.2.1 Aerial Phot
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Page 19 and 20: Executive Summary otter trawls to s
Page 21 and 22: Executive Summary Van Veen) and ana
Page 23 and 24: Executive Summary which was collect
Page 26 and 27: 1.0 Introduction 1.0 INTRODUCTION T
Page 30 and 31: 1.0 Introduction Historical compari
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Page 34: CHAPTER 2 WATER QUALITY
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes Table
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes Figur
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CHAPTER 4 ICHTHYOPLANKTON
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton studies (Horn a
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton more likely to
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton The results of
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-1. To
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-2. To
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-4. We
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-5. We
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-6. Se
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.5-1. Ar
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton LA05 LA14 2D St
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5.0 Benthic and Epibenthic Inverteb
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CHAPTER 6 RIPRAP BIOTA
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6.0 Riprap Biota diver collection m
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6.0 Riprap Biota relatively small b
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6.0 Riprap Biota sea cucumber (Para
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6.0 Riprap Biota polychaete worms.
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6.0 Riprap Biota Table 6.3-1. Mean
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6.0 Riprap Biota Figure 6.2-1. Ripr
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae 7.0 KELP AN
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae the laborat
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae sediment us
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae Overall, ou
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae pose a sign
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae Figure 7.2-
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CHAPTER 8 EELGRASS
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8.0 Eelgrass distribution of eelgra
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8.0 Eelgrass adjacent to most trans
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8.0 Eelgrass load on the plants was
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8.0 Eelgrass (Table 8.3-5), based o
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8.0 Eelgrass surveys. No eelgrass b
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8.0 Eelgrass Areas containing eelgr
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8.0 Eelgrass Seasonal patterns amon
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8.0 Eelgrass 2002) inferred that th
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-2. Spring 20
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-4. Fall 2008
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-12. Oceanic
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-2. Eelgrass
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-6. Spatial
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9.0 Birds 9.0 BIRDS 9.1 INTRODUCTIO
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9.0 Birds changes in species number
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9.0 Birds the Brown Pelican populat
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9.0 Birds 9.4.2.10 9.4.2.11 9.4.2.1
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9.0 Birds 9.5.1 Distribution and Ab
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9.0 Birds discussed in Section 9.4.
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9.0 Birds Angeles Harbor. The relat
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-1. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-3. Nest Numbers
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-2. Species Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-4. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.6-1. Historical C
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9.0 Birds 70 12000 60 10000 50 40 3
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9.0 Birds 3500 shallow water sandy
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9.0 Birds 40 35 30 riprap aerial Nu
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9.0 Birds Number Observed 3500 3000
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9.0 Birds Figure 9.5-1. Total numbe
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9.0 Birds Number of Individuals 400
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9.0 Birds 7000 Mean Number of Indiv
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CHAPTER 10 MARINE MAMMALS
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10.0 Marine Mammals Gray whales dif
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10.0 Marine Mammals This page inten
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11.0 References 11.0 REFERENCES Abb
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11.0 References Dennison, W.C. and
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11.0 References Jacques, D.L., C.S.
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11.0 References North, W.J. 1983. S
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APPENDIX A STATION LOCATIONS
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Appendix A Station Coordinates (NAD
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Appendix B (A) Temperature (°C), S
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APPENDIX C FISHES
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Appendix C Table C-1. Combined Fish
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Appendix C LA01 LA02 LA03 LA04 LA05
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Appendix C Table C-3. Otter Trawl C
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Appendix C Table C-5. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-7. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-8. Lampara Catch
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Appendix C Table C-10. Lampara Catc
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Appendix C Scientific Name Table C-
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Appendix C Table C-14. Beach Seine
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Appendix D Table D-1. Ichthyoplankt
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Appendix D fish eggs (undeveloped)
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Appendix D fish eggs unid. unidenti
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fish eggs unid. unidentified fish e
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Appendix D Eggs Oligocottus / Clino
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Appendix D Eggs Rhinogobiops nichol
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Eggs Liparis spp. snailf
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Table D-11. Ichthyoplank
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APPENDIX E INFAUNA
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Appendix E Taxon LA-1 LA-10 LA-11 L
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Appendix E Protothaca laciniata Tax
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Table E-4. Otter Trawl,
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Octopus sp. 1 Philine sp
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Appendix E This page intentionally
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Appendix F Table F-1. Total Abundan
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Appendix F LARR-1 LARR-2 LARR-3 LAR
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APPENDIX G KELP AND MACROALGAE
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Appendix G Date Survey Site Observe
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Appendix G Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-1 AVIAN ECOLO
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Appendix H Table H-1. Avian Ecologi
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Appendix H GUILD 8 - UPLAND BIRDS G
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-2 NUMBER OF I
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Appendix H Table H-2. December A 20
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Appendix H Table H-3. December B 20
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Appendix H Table H-4. January A 200
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Appendix H Table H-5. January B 200
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Appendix H Table H-6. February A 20
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Appendix H Table H-7. February B 20
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Appendix H Table H-8. March A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-9. March B 2008
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Appendix H Table H-10. April A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-11. May A 2008 S
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Appendix H Table H-13. July A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-15. August B 200
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Appendix H Table H-16. September A
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Appendix H Table H-17. September B
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Date ELEGANT TERN — OB
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APPENDIX I MARINE MAMMALS
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Appendix I Common Survey Station/ N
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Appendix I Common Name Survey Type
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Appendix I This page intentionally
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