appendix b final 2008 biological surveys of los angeles and long ...

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Executive Summary EELGRASS Eelgrass communities are spatially and temporally dynamic as influenced by physical and biological factors associated with site-specific characteristics and regional oceanographic conditions. Based on the rapid recruitment and growth tendencies of eelgrass coupled with the physical and biological requirements of these plants, eelgrass communities are relatively easy to locate but can be difficult to quantify. Eelgrass habitat is important to associated biological communities, water quality, and sediment stabilization and, where suitable habitat exists, can be a surrogate indicator of the relative health of Port waters. The ability to map and describe persistent and new eelgrass beds within the Ports provides important data for understanding the evolution and dynamics of eelgrass communities and their contributions to the environment. Eelgrass communities delineated during the present surveys were consistent with previous investigations and established additional information on eelgrass density, morphology, and regional context. However, in contrast to the 2000 baseline study, little or no seasonal variability was evident between spring and fall 2008 surveys. Competition for habitat space by various marine algal species was more prevalent in 2008 than during the 2000 baseline survey. Additionally, there was less consistency and more patchiness of the majority of the eelgrass areas at both Cabrillo Beach and the Pier 300/Seaplane Anchorage area compared to results from MEC (2000) and Merkel & Associates (2008). BIRDS Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors provide valuable habitat for foraging, resting, and breeding by numerous species and individuals of birds. Over 100 avian species use the various habitats within the Ports seasonally, year-round, or during migration. A total of 96 species representing 30 families were observed within the Ports during the current study. Of these species, 68 are dependent on marine habitats. Species numbers varied seasonally, with a greater variety of birds present in fall and winter and fewer species during summer, consistent with large-scale migratory patterns. Bird abundance was more variable and was attributed to differences in bird migratory patterns and nesting activities. Bird abundance along the southern California coast typically follows a seasonal pattern, with the greatest numbers of individuals and species occurring during fall and winter. Several special status species were commonly observed during the present study, including large numbers of the recently delisted California brown pelican which use the outer breakwaters as resting habitat. The endangered California least tern successfully nests at a designated site on Pier 400, and the endangered Peregrine falcon nests on bridges within the harbors. Nonlisted special status species observed during the current study included black-crowned night heron, great blue heron, black oystercatcher, black skimmer, Caspian tern, elegant tern, doublecrested cormorant, and burrowing owl. Several of those species, including the cormorant, herons, oystercatcher, and terns, were observed nesting at the Ports during the current study. Similar to the previous baseline study (MEC 2002), birds observed during the current study were not equally distributed among survey zones. The highest numbers of birds were noted in the Long Beach West Basin and main shipping channel of Los Angeles Harbor, with counts being approximately an order of magnitude lower at small basin and channel zones at inner harbor locations. EXOTIC SPECIES Similar to the previous baseline study (MEC 2002), the only exotic (non-indigenous) fish species collected in the 2008 sampling surveys was the yellowfin goby (Acanthogobius flavimanus), 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors ES–5 April 2010
Executive Summary which was collected at three Los Angeles stations (LA7, LA14, and LA15) and six Long Beach Harbor stations (LB1, LB3, LB5, LB7, LB12, and LB14). Non-indigenous invertebrates comprise about 15% of the infauna and macroinvertebrate species occurring in the Ports, with some of these species representing numerical dominants. The relative abundance of these species has increased in the harbors since the 1970s. A total of 10 non-indigenous (introduced) and 32 cryptogenic species (of unknown origin) were identified among the 313 species of infauna and macroinvertebrates collected during the present study. The overall percentage of introduced and cryptogenic species identified in the present study (14%) is similar to the 15% reported by MEC (2002) in 2000. However, some of these differences may be due to further distinction of introduced versus cryptogenic species since the 2000 study. Occurrences of invasive exotic algae within the harbors include the brown algae Sargassum muticum and Undaria pinnatifida. While Sargassum has become a commonly observed component of the algal flora in southern California, including the Ports, Undaria was first reported in the United States in spring 2000 during the previous baseline study (MEC 2002). Notably, Undaria was documented during the present study at all eight inner harbor sites and at 7 of 12 outer harbor locations, indicating an expanded distribution since 2000. Undaria has also been reported at Port Hueneme, Santa Barbara Harbor, and Catalina Island (MEC 2002), and as far north as Monterey Bay and as far south as Ensenada, Mexico (Chapman 2005). ES–6 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors April 2010
Page 1 and 2: APPENDIX B FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SU
Page 4: FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF LO
Page 7 and 8: Table of Contents 3.4.3 Summary of
Page 9 and 10: Table of Contents 8.2.1 Aerial Phot
Page 11 and 12: Table of Contents Table 3.4-2. Tabl
Page 13 and 14: Table of Contents Table 8.3-3. Tabl
Page 15 and 16: Table of Contents Figure 6.2-1. Rip
Page 17 and 18: Table of Contents This page intenti
Page 19 and 20: Executive Summary otter trawls to s
Page 21: Executive Summary Van Veen) and ana
Page 26 and 27: 1.0 Introduction 1.0 INTRODUCTION T
Page 28 and 29: 1.0 Introduction 1.4 STUDY OBJECTIV
Page 30 and 31: 1.0 Introduction Historical compari
Page 32 and 33: 1.0 Introduction Figure 1.1-2. Map
Page 34: CHAPTER 2 WATER QUALITY
Page 37 and 38: 2.0 Water Quality The CTD was deplo
Page 39 and 40: 2.0 Water Quality Outer Harbor area
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Page 52 and 53: 3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes 3.0 A
Page 54 and 55: 3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes speci
Page 56 and 57: 3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes and b
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes Table
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes Figur
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CHAPTER 4 ICHTHYOPLANKTON
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton studies (Horn a
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton more likely to
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton The results of
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-1. To
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-2. To
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-4. We
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-5. We
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.3-6. Se
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton Table 4.5-1. Ar
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton LA05 LA14 2D St
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5.0 Benthic and Epibenthic Inverteb
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CHAPTER 6 RIPRAP BIOTA
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6.0 Riprap Biota diver collection m
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6.0 Riprap Biota relatively small b
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6.0 Riprap Biota sea cucumber (Para
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6.0 Riprap Biota polychaete worms.
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6.0 Riprap Biota Table 6.3-1. Mean
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6.0 Riprap Biota Figure 6.2-1. Ripr
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae 7.0 KELP AN
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae the laborat
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae sediment us
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae Overall, ou
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae pose a sign
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae Figure 7.2-
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CHAPTER 8 EELGRASS
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8.0 Eelgrass distribution of eelgra
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8.0 Eelgrass adjacent to most trans
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8.0 Eelgrass load on the plants was
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8.0 Eelgrass (Table 8.3-5), based o
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8.0 Eelgrass surveys. No eelgrass b
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8.0 Eelgrass Areas containing eelgr
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8.0 Eelgrass Seasonal patterns amon
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8.0 Eelgrass 2002) inferred that th
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-2. Spring 20
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-4. Fall 2008
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-12. Oceanic
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-2. Eelgrass
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-6. Spatial
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9.0 Birds 9.0 BIRDS 9.1 INTRODUCTIO
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9.0 Birds changes in species number
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9.0 Birds the Brown Pelican populat
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9.0 Birds 9.4.2.10 9.4.2.11 9.4.2.1
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9.0 Birds 9.5.1 Distribution and Ab
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9.0 Birds discussed in Section 9.4.
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9.0 Birds Angeles Harbor. The relat
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-1. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-3. Nest Numbers
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-2. Species Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-4. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.6-1. Historical C
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9.0 Birds 70 12000 60 10000 50 40 3
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9.0 Birds 3500 shallow water sandy
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9.0 Birds 40 35 30 riprap aerial Nu
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9.0 Birds Number Observed 3500 3000
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9.0 Birds Figure 9.5-1. Total numbe
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9.0 Birds Number of Individuals 400
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9.0 Birds 7000 Mean Number of Indiv
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CHAPTER 10 MARINE MAMMALS
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10.0 Marine Mammals Gray whales dif
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10.0 Marine Mammals This page inten
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11.0 References 11.0 REFERENCES Abb
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11.0 References Dennison, W.C. and
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11.0 References Jacques, D.L., C.S.
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11.0 References North, W.J. 1983. S
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APPENDIX A STATION LOCATIONS
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Appendix A Station Coordinates (NAD
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Appendix B (A) Temperature (°C), S
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APPENDIX C FISHES
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Appendix C Table C-1. Combined Fish
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Appendix C LA01 LA02 LA03 LA04 LA05
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Appendix C Table C-3. Otter Trawl C
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Appendix C Table C-5. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-7. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-8. Lampara Catch
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Appendix C Table C-10. Lampara Catc
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Appendix C Scientific Name Table C-
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Appendix C Table C-14. Beach Seine
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Appendix D Table D-1. Ichthyoplankt
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Appendix D fish eggs (undeveloped)
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Appendix D fish eggs unid. unidenti
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fish eggs unid. unidentified fish e
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Appendix D Eggs Oligocottus / Clino
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Appendix D Eggs Rhinogobiops nichol
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Eggs Liparis spp. snailf
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Table D-11. Ichthyoplank
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APPENDIX E INFAUNA
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Appendix E Taxon LA-1 LA-10 LA-11 L
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Appendix E Protothaca laciniata Tax
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Table E-4. Otter Trawl,
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Octopus sp. 1 Philine sp
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Appendix E This page intentionally
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Appendix F Table F-1. Total Abundan
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Appendix F LARR-1 LARR-2 LARR-3 LAR
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APPENDIX G KELP AND MACROALGAE
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Appendix G Date Survey Site Observe
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Appendix G Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-1 AVIAN ECOLO
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Appendix H Table H-1. Avian Ecologi
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Appendix H GUILD 8 - UPLAND BIRDS G
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-2 NUMBER OF I
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Appendix H Table H-2. December A 20
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Appendix H Table H-3. December B 20
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Appendix H Table H-4. January A 200
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Appendix H Table H-5. January B 200
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Appendix H Table H-6. February A 20
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Appendix H Table H-7. February B 20
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Appendix H Table H-8. March A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-9. March B 2008
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Appendix H Table H-10. April A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-11. May A 2008 S
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Appendix H Table H-13. July A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-15. August B 200
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Appendix H Table H-16. September A
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Appendix H Table H-17. September B
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Date ELEGANT TERN — OB
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APPENDIX I MARINE MAMMALS
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Appendix I Common Survey Station/ N
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Appendix I Common Name Survey Type
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Appendix I This page intentionally
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