appendix b final 2008 biological surveys of los angeles and long ...

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6.0 Riprap Biota 6.6 SUMMARY OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS Tide level influences the development of the riprap community in the harbors. Riprap biota was less diverse and abundant in the upper intertidal compared to lower intertidal and subtidal depth zones. However, biomass was relatively similar across depth. Dominant animals of the upper intertidal (e.g., barnacles, limpets) have shells that protect them from desiccation during low tides, which also contributes to the relatively high biomass for the upper intertidal zone. Fewer differences in number of species and abundance were apparent between lower intertidal and subtidal depths. Generally, the riprap community was similar among inner and outer harbor areas. The only notable difference was a relatively greater number of species and abundance at breakwater habitats in the outer harbor (Stations LARR1, LBRR2) and at a piling habitat surveyed in the inner harbor (Station LARR3). Dominant species generally were similar throughout the harbors. However, some differences were noted that may have been associated with attachment substrate. For example, the piling habitat surveyed at Station LARR3 supported greater numbers of mussels, dwarf brittlestars, and tunicates than other stations located on rock riprap or boulders. 6.7 HISTORICAL COMPARISONS Results of the present study were similar to previous studies, which have found tide level to be the major factor associated with the distribution of riprap organisms (MBC 1984, MEC 1988, 2000). Similar to historical studies, barnacles dominated the upper intertidal and a greater variety of organisms were present in the lower intertidal and subtidal zones. The Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was conspicuous in the lower intertidal and shallow subtidal. Previous studies have noted increased community development with depth. The present study also documented lower community development in the upper intertidal, but noted similar community development at both lower intertidal and subtidal depths. As pointed out in the 2000 study (MEC 2002), variations in where samples are collected along the tide gradient and slight sampling differences likely contribute to reported differences in community development with depth. Historical studies also have noted relatively greater community development in outer harbor compared to inner harbor areas (MEC 1988, MEC 2002). A notable finding of the present study was the overall similarity in community development throughout the harbors. Although diversity was somewhat greater at outer harbor breakwater stations (LARR1, LBRR1), the difference was mainly associated with the upper intertidal zone. Community summary measures did not show distinct trends among inner and outer harbor stations for the lower intertidal and subtidal zones. Somewhat different species assemblages were observed at some stations that may have been related to substrate or site-specific environmental conditions; however, no large-scale differences in riprap community development were noted between inner and outer harbor areas. This result suggests a relative improvement in environmental quality at inner harbor stations since the 2000 study. 6.8 EXOTIC SPECIES A total of 12 non-indigenous (introduced) species was collected, representing approximately 3% of the 334 observed species in the riprap community (Appendix F). Another 31 species were cryptogenic (of unknown origin). Thus, approximately 13% of the riprap fauna were potentially non-native in origin. The species were associated with a variety of taxonomic groups, including ascidians, amphipod crustaceans, ophiuroid echinoderms, molluscs, nemerteans, and 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors 6–7 April 2010
6.0 Riprap Biota polychaete worms. The percentage of introduced and cryptogenic species identified with the present study is similar to the 11% reported for the 2000 study (MEC 2002); however, the proportion of introduced to cryptogenic species differed among these studies. Further distinction of introduced versus cryptogenic species has been made with more recent studies (e.g., Ranasinghe et al. 2005, Foss 2008), which were consulted for this study. The most conspicuous non-indigenous species observed in the riprap community was the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. This mussel has occurred in the harbor for many years, but was misidentified in earlier studies as M. edulis. The non-indigenous oyster Crassostrea also was noted at Station LARR3 in Los Angeles West Basin. This species was identified as C. gigas in the 2000 study (MEC 2002), but was identified as C. virginica in the present study. The most abundant introduced species was the amphipod crustacean Caprella simia. Other relatively abundant cryptogenic species included the amphipods Monocorophium ascerusicum and Zeuxo normani; ophiuroids Amphipholis squamata and Ophiactix simplex; and polychaetes Exogone lourei, Polydora limicola, and Sylllis gracilis. Several of the non-indigenous and cryptogenic species collected on riprap and piling habitats also were collected at the benthic infauna stations, including amphipods (Eochelidium sp A, Grandidierella japonica, Hemiproto sp. A, Podocerus brasiliensis, Zeuxo normani), dwarf brittlestar, semele clam, and polychaetes (Boccardia hamata, Dipolydora bidentata, D. socialis, E. lourei, Harmothoe imbricata-complex, P. limicola, Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, Syllis (Syllis) gracilis, Typosyllis fasciata, and Typosyllis nipponica) (see Section 5.5, Appendix E). 6–8 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors April 2010
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APPENDIX B FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SU
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FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF LO
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Table of Contents 3.4.3 Summary of
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Table of Contents 8.2.1 Aerial Phot
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Table of Contents Table 3.4-2. Tabl
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Table of Contents Table 8.3-3. Tabl
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Table of Contents Figure 6.2-1. Rip
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Table of Contents This page intenti
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Executive Summary otter trawls to s
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Executive Summary Van Veen) and ana
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Executive Summary which was collect
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1.0 Introduction 1.0 INTRODUCTION T
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1.0 Introduction 1.4 STUDY OBJECTIV
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1.0 Introduction Historical compari
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1.0 Introduction Figure 1.1-2. Map
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CHAPTER 2 WATER QUALITY
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2.0 Water Quality The CTD was deplo
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2.0 Water Quality Outer Harbor area
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2.0 Water Quality Table 2.2-1. Wate
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2.0 Water Quality Figure 2.2-1. Wat
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2.0 Water Quality This page intenti
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes 3.0 A
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes speci
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes and b
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes sampl
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes No si
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes croak
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes gobie
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes Table
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes Figur
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CHAPTER 4 ICHTHYOPLANKTON
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton studies (Horn a
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton more likely to
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4.0 Ichthyoplankton The results of
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-4. Fall 2008
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-12. Oceanic
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-2. Eelgrass
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-6. Spatial
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9.0 Birds 9.0 BIRDS 9.1 INTRODUCTIO
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9.0 Birds changes in species number
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9.0 Birds the Brown Pelican populat
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9.0 Birds 9.4.2.10 9.4.2.11 9.4.2.1
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9.0 Birds 9.5.1 Distribution and Ab
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9.0 Birds discussed in Section 9.4.
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9.0 Birds Angeles Harbor. The relat
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-1. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-3. Nest Numbers
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-2. Species Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-4. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.6-1. Historical C
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9.0 Birds 70 12000 60 10000 50 40 3
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9.0 Birds 3500 shallow water sandy
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9.0 Birds 40 35 30 riprap aerial Nu
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9.0 Birds Number Observed 3500 3000
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9.0 Birds Figure 9.5-1. Total numbe
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9.0 Birds Number of Individuals 400
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9.0 Birds 7000 Mean Number of Indiv
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CHAPTER 10 MARINE MAMMALS
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10.0 Marine Mammals Gray whales dif
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10.0 Marine Mammals This page inten
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11.0 References 11.0 REFERENCES Abb
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11.0 References Dennison, W.C. and
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11.0 References Jacques, D.L., C.S.
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11.0 References North, W.J. 1983. S
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APPENDIX A STATION LOCATIONS
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Appendix A Station Coordinates (NAD
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Appendix B (A) Temperature (°C), S
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APPENDIX C FISHES
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Appendix C Table C-1. Combined Fish
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Appendix C LA01 LA02 LA03 LA04 LA05
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Appendix C Table C-3. Otter Trawl C
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Appendix C Table C-5. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-7. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-8. Lampara Catch
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Appendix C Table C-10. Lampara Catc
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Appendix C Scientific Name Table C-
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Appendix C Table C-14. Beach Seine
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Appendix D Table D-1. Ichthyoplankt
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Appendix D fish eggs (undeveloped)
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Appendix D fish eggs unid. unidenti
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fish eggs unid. unidentified fish e
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Appendix D Eggs Oligocottus / Clino
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Appendix D Eggs Rhinogobiops nichol
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Eggs Liparis spp. snailf
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Table D-11. Ichthyoplank
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APPENDIX E INFAUNA
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Appendix E Taxon LA-1 LA-10 LA-11 L
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Appendix E Protothaca laciniata Tax
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Table E-4. Otter Trawl,
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Octopus sp. 1 Philine sp
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Appendix E This page intentionally
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Appendix F Table F-1. Total Abundan
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Appendix F LARR-1 LARR-2 LARR-3 LAR
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APPENDIX G KELP AND MACROALGAE
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Appendix G Date Survey Site Observe
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Appendix G Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-1 AVIAN ECOLO
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Appendix H Table H-1. Avian Ecologi
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Appendix H GUILD 8 - UPLAND BIRDS G
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-2 NUMBER OF I
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Appendix H Table H-2. December A 20
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Appendix H Table H-3. December B 20
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Appendix H Table H-4. January A 200
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Appendix H Table H-5. January B 200
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Appendix H Table H-6. February A 20
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Appendix H Table H-7. February B 20
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Appendix H Table H-8. March A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-9. March B 2008
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Appendix H Table H-10. April A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-11. May A 2008 S
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Appendix H Table H-13. July A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-15. August B 200
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Appendix H Table H-16. September A
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Appendix H Table H-17. September B
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Date ELEGANT TERN — OB
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APPENDIX I MARINE MAMMALS
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Appendix I Common Survey Station/ N
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Appendix I Common Name Survey Type
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Appendix I This page intentionally
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